Acceptance Standards-High Pressure Testing and Maintenance of Vessels and Boilers-Handout, Exercises of High Pressure Vessels and Boilers

Download Acceptance Standards-High Pressure Testing and Maintenance of Vessels and Boilers-Handout and more Exercises High Pressure Vessels and Boilers in PDF only on Docsity! ARTICLE IWB-3000 ACCEPTANCE STANDARDS IWB-3100 EVALUATION OF EXAMINATION RESULTS IWB-3110 PRESERVICE VOLUMETRIC AND SURFACE EXAMINATIONS IWB-3111 General (a) The preservice volumetric and surface examina- tions required by IWB-2200 and performed in accord- ance with IWA-2200 shall be evaluated by comparing the examination results with the acceptance standards specified in Table IWB-3410-1, except where IWB- 3112(b) is applicable. (b) Acceptance of components for service shall be in accordance with IWB-3112, IWB-3113, and IWB-3114. IWB-3112 Acceptance (a) A component whose volumetric or surface exami- nation either confirms the absence of or detects flaws that do not exceed the standards of Table IWB-3410- 1 shall be acceptable for service, provided the verified flaws are recorded in accordance with the requirements of IWA-1400(h), IWA-2220(b), and IWA-6230 in terms of location, size, shape, orientation, and distribution within the component. (b) A component whose volumetric or surface exami- nation (IWB-2200) detects flaws that meet the nonde- structive examination standards of NB-2500 and NB- 5300, as documented in Quality Assurance Records (NCA-4134.17), shall be acceptable. (c) A component whose volumetric or surface exami- nation (IWB-2200) detects flaws, other than the flaws of IWB-3112(b), that exceed the standards of Table IWB-3410-1 is unacceptable for service, unless the component is corrected by a repair / replacement activity to the extent necessary to meet the acceptance standards prior to placement of the component in service. 134 IWB-3113 Repair /Replacement Activity and Reexamination The repair / replacement activity and reexamination shall comply with the requirements of IWA-4000. Reex- amination shall be conducted in accordance with the requirements of IWA-2200. The recorded results shall demonstrate that the area subjected to the repair / replace- ment activity meets the acceptance standards of Table IWB-3410-1. IWB-3114 Review by Authorities (a) The Repair /Replacement Program and the reex- amination results shall be subject to review by the enforcement authorities having jurisdiction at the plant site. (b) Evaluation of examination results may be subject to review by the regulatory authority having jurisdiction at the plant site. IWB-3120 PRESERVICE VISUAL EXAMINATIONS IWB-3121 General (a) The preservice visual examinations required by IWB-2200 and performed in accordance with IWA- 2200 shall be evaluated by comparing the examination results with the acceptance standards specified in Table IWB-3410-1. (b) Acceptance of components for service shall be in accordance with IWB-3122, IWB-3123, and IWB-3124. IWB-3122 Acceptance IWB-3122.1 Acceptance by Visual Examination (a) A component whose visual examination confirms the absence of the relevant conditions described in the standards of Table IWB-3410-1 shall be acceptable for service. docsity.com ASME B&PVC SEC11$$U60 05-16-00 15:35:11 pd: sec11 Rev 15.04 IWB-3122.1 REQUIREMENTS FOR CLASS 1 COMPONENTS IWB-3133 (b) A component whose visual examination detects the relevant conditions described in the standards of Table IWB-3410-1 shall be unacceptable for service, unless such components meet the requirements of IWB- 3122.2 or IWB-3122.3 prior to placement of the compo- nent in service. IWB-3122.2 Acceptance by Supplemental Exami- nation. A component containing relevant conditions shall be acceptable for service if the results of supple- mental examinations (IWB-3200) meet the requirements of IWB-3110. IWB-3122.3 Acceptance by Corrective Measures or Repair /Replacement Activity. A component con- taining relevant conditions is acceptable for service if the relevant conditions are corrected by a repair / replacement activity or by corrective measures to the extent necessary to meet the acceptance standards of Table IWB-3410-1. IWB-3123 Repair /Replacement Activity and Reexamination The repair / replacement activity and reexamination shall comply with the requirements of IWA-4000. Reex- amination shall be conducted in accordance with the requirements of IWA-2200; the recorded results shall demonstrate that the area subjected to the repair / replace- ment activity meets the acceptance standards of Table IWB-3410-1. IWB-3124 Review by Authorities (a) The Repair /Replacement Program and the reex- amination results shall be subject to review by the enforcement authorities having jurisdiction at the plant site. (b) Evaluation of examination results may be subject to review by the regulatory authority having jurisdiction at the plant site. IWB-3130 INSERVICE VOLUMETRIC AND SURFACE EXAMINATIONS IWB-3131 General (a) The volumetric and surface examinations required by IWB-2500 and performed in accordance with IWA- 2200 shall be evaluated by comparing the examination results with the acceptance standards specified in Table IWB-3410-1, except where IWB-3131(b) is applicable. 135 [This is electronic file SEC11$$$60 page #135 (b) When flaws are detected by a required volumetric or surface examination, the component is acceptable for continued service provided the requirements of IWB-3112(b) or the acceptance standards of Table IWB-3410-1 are met. (c) Volumetric and surface examination results shall be compared with recorded results of the preservice examination and prior inservice examinations. Accept- ance of the components for continued service shall be in accordance with IWB-3132, IWB-3133, and IWB-3134. IWB-3132 Acceptance IWB-3132.1 Acceptance by Volumetric or Surface Examination. A component whose volumetric or sur- face examination either reconfirms the absence of flaws or detects flaws that are acceptable under the provisions of IWB-3131(b) are acceptable for continued service. Confirmed changes in flaws from prior examinations shall be recorded in accordance with IWA-1400(h), IWA-2220(b), and IWA-6230. A component that does not meet the acceptance standards of Table IWB-3410- 1 shall be corrected in accordance with the provisions of IWB-3132.2 or IWB-3132.3. IWB-3132.2 Acceptance by Repair /Replacement Activity. A component whose volumetric or surface examination detects flaws that exceed the acceptance standards of Table IWB-3410-1 is unacceptable for continued service until the additional examination re- quirements of IWB-2430 are satisfied and the component is corrected by a repair / replacement activity to the extent necessary to meet the acceptance standards of IWB-3000. IWB-3132.3 Acceptance by Analytical Evaluation. A component whose volumetric or surface examination detects flaws that exceed the acceptance standards of Table IWB-3410-1 is acceptable for continued service without a repair / replacement activity if an analytical evaluation, as described in IWB-3600, meets the accept- ance criteria of IWB-3600. The area containing the flaw shall be subsequently reexamined in accordance with IWB-2420(b) and (c). IWB-3133 Repair /Replacement Activity and Reexamination The repair / replacement activity and reexamination shall comply with the requirements of IWA-4000. Reex- amination shall be conducted in accordance with the requirements of IWA-2200. The recorded results shall docsity.com IWB-3500 1998 SECTION XI — DIVISION 1 IWB-3510.3 TABLE IWB-3510-1 ALLOWABLE PLANAR FLAWS Material: Ferritic steels that meet the requirements of NB-2331 and G-2110(b) of Section III Volumetric Examination Method, Nominal Wall Thickness,1,2 t, in. 21⁄2 and less 4 to 12 16 and greater Aspect Surface Subsurface Surface Subsurface Surface Subsurface Ratio,1 Flaw,5 Flaw,3,4 Flaw,5 Flaw,3,4 Flaw,5 Flaw,3,4 a/ø a/t, % a/t, % a/t, % a/t, % a/t, % a/t, % 0.0 3.1 3.4Y 1.9 2.0Y 1.4 1.5Y 0.05 3.3 3.8Y 2.0 2.2Y 1.5 1.7Y 0.10 3.6 4.3Y 2.2 2.5Y 1.7 1.9Y 0.15 4.1 4.9Y 2.5 2.9Y 1.9 2.1Y 0.20 4.7 5.7Y 2.8 3.3Y 2.1 2.5Y 0.25 5.5 6.6Y 3.3 3.8Y 2.5 2.8Y 0.30 6.4 7.8Y 3.8 4.4Y 2.9 3.3Y 0.35 7.4 9.0Y 4.4 5.1Y 3.3 3.8Y 0.40 8.3 10.5Y 5.0 5.8Y 3.8 4.3Y 0.45 8.5 12.3Y 5.1 6.7Y 3.9 4.9Y 0.50 8.7 14.3Y 5.2 7.6Y 4.0 5.6Y NOTES: (1) For intermediate flaw aspect ratios a/ø and thickness t, linear interpolation is permissible. Refer to IWA-3200(b). (2) Component thickness t is measured normal to the pressure retaining surface of the component. Where the section thickness varies, the average thickness over the length of the planar flow is the component thickness. (3) The total depth of a subsurface flaw is 2a. (4) Y p [(S/t)/(a/t)] or (S/a). Y is the flaw-to-surface proximity factor, and S is defined in IWA-3310 and IWA-3320. If S < 0.4d, the subsurface flaw isclassified as a surface flaw. If Y > 1.0, use Y p 1.0. (5) Applicable to flaws in surface region B-E shown in Fig. IWB-2500-5 only if the maximum postulated defect of G-2120, Appendix G of Section III, is justified. If a smaller defect is used, refer to IWB-3410.2. IWB-3500 ACCEPTANCE STANDARDS IWB-3510 STANDARDS FOR EXAMINATION CATEGORY B-A, PRESSURE RETAINING WELDS IN REACTOR VESSEL, AND EXAMINATION CATEGORY B-B, PRESSURE RETAINING WELDS IN VESSELS OTHER THAN REACTOR VESSELS IWB-3510.1 Allowable Planar Flaws (a) The size of allowable planar flaws within the boundary of the examination volumes specified in Figs. IWB-2500-1 through IWB-2500-6 shall not exceed the limits specified in Table IWB-3510-1. (b) Where a flaw extends or lies beyond the examina- tion volumes as detected by the procedures used to examine the specified volumes, the overall size of the flaw shall be compared with the standards specified in Table IWB-3510-1. (c) Any two or more coplanar aligned flaws character- ized as separate flaws by IWA-3330 are allowable, provided the requirements of IWA-3390 are met. 138 (d) Surface flaws within cladding are acceptable. IWB-3510.2 Allowable Laminar Flaws (a) The areas of allowable laminar flaws as defined by IWA-3360 within the boundary of the examination zones delineated in the applicable figures specified in IWB-3510-1(a) shall not exceed the limits specified in Table IWB-3510-2. (b) Laminar flaws that join with a planar flaw shall be governed by the standards of Table IWB-3510-1. IWB-3510.3 Allowable Linear Flaws (a) The size of allowable linear flaws as detected by a surface examination (MT/PT) or volumetric exami- nation (RT) within the examination boundary shown in Figs. IWB-2500-1 through IWB-2500-6 shall not exceed the limits specified in Table IWB-3510-3. (b) Where a flaw extends beyond the examination boundaries, or separate linear flaws lie both within and beyond the boundaries but are characterized as a single flaw by IWA-3400, the overall flaw size shall be compared with the standards of Table IWB-3510-3. docsity.com IWB-3512 REQUIREMENTS FOR CLASS 1 COMPONENTS IWB-3514.1 TABLE IWB-3510-2 ALLOWABLE LAMINAR FLAWS Component Thickness,1 Laminar Area,2 t, in. A, sq. in. 2.5 7.5 4 12 6 18 8 24 10 30 12 36 14 42 16 and greater 52 NOTES: (1) For intermediate thicknesses, linear interpolation of area is per- missible. Refer to IWA-3200(c). (2) The area of a laminar flaw is defined in IWA-3360. TABLE IWB-3510-3 ALLOWABLE LINEAR FLAWS1 Material: Ferritic steels that meet the requirements of NB-2331 and G-2110(b) of Section III Nominal Section Surface Subsurface Thickness,2 Flaw,1,3 Flaw,1 t, in. ø/t, % ø/t, % 21⁄2 and less 17.4 28.6 4 through 12 10.4 15.2 16 and greater 8.0 11.2 NOTES: (1) Applicable to linear flaws detected by surface examination (MT/PT) or radiographic examination (RT) method where flaw depth dimension a is indeterminate. If supplemental volumetric examination (UT) is performed which determines the a and ø dimensions, the standards of Table IWB-3510-1 shall apply. (2) For intermediate thickness, linear interpolation is permissible. Refer to IWA-3200. (3) Applicable to linear flaws in surface region B-E shown in Fig. IWB-2500-5 only if the maximum postulated defect of G-2120, Appendix G of Section III, is justified. If a smaller defect size is used, refer to IWB-3410.2. IWB-3512 Standards for Examination Category B-D, Full Penetration Welds of Nozzles in Vessels IWB-3512.1 Allowable Planar Flaws (a) The size of allowable planar flaws detected in the nozzle and weld areas within the boundary of the examination volume specified in Figs. IWB-2500-7(a) through IWB-2500-7(d) shall not exceed the limits specified in Table IWB-3512-1. 139 (b) The size of allowable planar flaws detected in the vessel shell (or head) material adjoining the nozzle and weld areas and within the boundary of the examina- tion volumes specified in Figs. IWB-2500-7(a) through IWB-2500-7(d) shall not exceed the limits of Table IWB-3510-1. (c) The component thickness t to be applied in calculating the flaw a / t ratio for comparison with the standards in Table IWB-3510-1 or IWB-3512-1, as applicable, shall be selected as specified in Table IWB- 3512-2. This table lists the component thicknesses as a function of flaw location for each type nozzle configuration as shown in Figs. IWB-2500-7(a) through IWB-2500-7(d). (d) Any two or more coplanar aligned flaws character- ized as separate flaws by IWA-3300 are allowable, provided the requirements of IWA-3390 are met. IWB-3512.2 Allowable Laminar Flaws (a) Laminar flaws in vessel shell or head material within the boundary of the examination volumes speci- fied in Figs. IWB-2500-7(a) through IWB-2500-7(d) shall be governed by the standards of IWB-3510.2. (b) Laminar flaws in the nozzle wall shall be consid- ered as planar flaws and the standards of IWB-3512.1 shall apply. IWB-3514 Standards for Examination Category B-F, Pressure Retaining Dissimilar Metal Welds in Vessel Nozzles, and Examination Category B-J, Pressure Retaining Welds in Piping IWB-3514.1 Allowable Planar Flaws (a) The size of allowable planar flaws within the boundary of the examination surfaces and volumes delineated in Figs. IWB-2500-8 through IWB-2500-11 shall be in accordance with the standards of IWB- 3514.2, IWB-3514.3, and IWB-3514.4, as applicable. (b) Where flaws extend beyond the boundaries of the examination surfaces and volumes, or separate flaws are detected that lie both within and beyond the boundaries but are characterized as a single flaw by the rules of IWA-3300, the overall flaw size shall be compared with the standards of IWB-3514.1(a). (c) Any two or more coplanar aligned flaws that are characterized as separate flaws by IWA-3300 are allowable, provided the requirements of IWA-3390 are met. (d) Inner surface flaws detected by volumetric exami- nation of piping components with austenitic cladding on the inner surface shall be governed by the following standards. docsity.com Table IWB-3512-1 1998 SECTION XI — DIVISION 1 Table IWB-3512-2 TABLE IWB-3512-1 ALLOWABLE PLANAR FLAWS Material: Ferritic steels that meet the requirements of NB-2331 and G-2110(b) of Section III Volumetric Examination Method, Nominal Wall Thickness,1 t, in. 21⁄2 and less 4 through 12 Surface Subsurface Surface Subsurface Aspect Ratio,1 Flaw,2 Flaw,2–4 Flaw,2 Flaw,2–4 a/ø a/t, % a/t, % a/t, % a/t, % 0.00 3.1 3.4Y 1.9 2.0 0.05 3.3 3.8Y 2.0 2.2 0.10 3.6 4.3Y 2.2 2.5 0.15 4.1 4.9Y 2.5 2.9 0.20 4.7 5.7Y 2.8 3.3 0.25 5.5 6.6Y 3.3 3.8 0.30 6.4 7.8Y 3.8 4.4 0.35 7.4 9.0Y 4.4 5.1 0.40 8.3 10.5Y 5.0 5.8 0.45 8.5 12.3Y 5.1 6.7 0.50 8.7 14.3Y 5.2 7.6 Inside corner region 2.5 Not applicable 2.5 Not applicable NOTES: (1) Dimensions of a and ø are defined in IWA-3300. For intermediate flaw aspect ratios a/ø and thickens t, linear interpolation is permissible. Refer to IWA-3200(b). (2) See Table IWB-3512-2 for the appropriate component thickness t as a function of flaw location. (3) The total depth of a subsurface flaw is 2a (Fig. IWA-3320-1). (4) Y p [(S/t)/(a/t)] p (S/a). If S < 0.4d, the flaw is classified as a surface flaw. If Y > 1.0, use Y p 1.0. TABLE IWB-3512-2 COMPONENT THICKNESS VS FLAW LOCATION Component Thickness, t Location of Flaw Barrel Type Nozzle Flange Type Nozzle Set-On Type Nozzle Integrally Cast Nozzle [Note (1)] [Fig. IWB-2500-7(a)] [Fig. IWB-2500-7(b)] [Fig. IWB-2500-7(c)] [Fig. IWB-2500-7(d)] Shell (or head) adjoining region ts ts ts n/a Attachment weld region ts ts ts n/a Nozzle cylinder region (tn1 + tn2)/2 (tn1 + tn2)/2 tn1 n/a Nozzle inside corner region Smallest of tn1, tn2, or ts Smallest of tn1, tn2, or ts Smaller of tn1 or ts Smaller of tn1 or ts NOTE: (1) See Figs. IWB-2500-7(a) through (d) for definition of the examination volume for each of the examination regions. 140 docsity.com REQUIREMENTS FOR CLASS 1 COMPONENTS Table IWB-3514-2 T A B L E IW B -3 51 4- 2 A L L O W A B L E P L A N A R F L A W S M at er ia l: A us te ni ti c st ee ls th at m ee t th e re qu ir em en ts fo r th e sp ec if ie d m in im um yi el d st re ng th of 35 ks i or le ss at 10 0° F V ol um et ri c E xa m in at io n M et ho d, N om in al W al l T hi ck ne ss ,1 ,2 t, in . A sp ec t S ur fa ce R at io ,1 E xa m in at io n a/ ø 0. 31 2 1. 0 2. 0 3. 0 M et ho d S ur fa ce S ub su rf ac e S ur fa ce S ub su rf ac e S ur fa ce S ub su rf ac e S ur fa ce S ub su rf ac e N om . W al l F la w F la w , F la w ,3 ,4 F la w , F la w ,3 ,4 F la w , F la w ,3 ,4 F la w , F la w ,3 ,4 T hi ck ne ss ,1 ,2 L en gt h, a/ t, % a/ t, % a/ t, % a/ t, % a/ t, % a/ t, % a/ t, % a/ t, % t, in . ø, in . P re se rv ic e E xa m in at io n 0 .0 0 9 .4 9 .4 Y 8 .5 8 .5 Y 8 .0 8 .0 Y 7 .6 7 .6 Y 0 .3 1 2 or le ss 1 ⁄ 8 0 .0 5 9 .6 9 .6 Y 8 .6 8 .6 Y 8 .2 8 .2 Y 7 .7 7 .7 Y 0 .1 0 9 .8 9 .8 Y 8 .8 8 .8 Y 8 .3 8 .3 Y 7 .8 7 .8 Y 1 .0 3 ⁄ 1 6 0 .1 5 9 .9 9 .9 Y 8 .9 8 .9 Y 8 .4 8 .4 Y 7 .9 7 .9 Y 0 .2 0 1 0 .0 1 0 .0 Y 9 .1 9 .1 Y 8 .6 8 .6 Y 8 .1 8 .1 Y 2 .0 1 ⁄ 4 0 .2 5 1 0 .0 1 0 .0 Y 9 .2 9 .2 Y 8 .7 8 .7 Y 8 .2 8 .2 Y 0 .3 0 1 0 .0 1 0 .0 Y 9 .4 9 .4 Y 8 .9 8 .9 Y 8 .3 8 .3 Y 3 .0 an d ov er 1 ⁄ 4 0 .3 5 1 0 .0 1 0 .0 Y 9 .5 9 .5 Y 9 .0 9 .0 Y 8 .5 8 .5 Y 0 .4 0 1 0 .0 1 0 .0 Y 9 .7 9 .7 Y 9 .1 9 .1 Y 8 .6 8 .6 Y 0 .4 5 1 0 .0 1 0 .0 Y 9 .8 9 .8 Y 9 .3 9 .3 Y 8 .7 8 .7 Y 0 .5 0 1 0 .0 1 0 .0 Y 1 0 .0 1 0 .0 Y 9 .4 9 .4 Y 8 .9 8 .9 Y In se rv ic e E xa m in at io n 0 .0 0 1 1 .7 1 1 .7 Y 1 0 .6 1 0 .6 Y 1 0 .0 1 0 .0 Y 9 .5 9 .5 Y 0 .3 1 2 or le ss 0 .2 0 .0 5 1 2 .0 1 2 .0 Y 1 0 .7 1 0 .7 Y 1 0 .2 1 0 .2 Y 9 .6 9 .6 Y 0 .1 0 1 2 .2 1 2 .2 Y 1 1 .0 1 1 .0 Y 1 0 .4 1 0 .4 Y 9 .7 9 .7 Y 1 .0 0 .2 5 0 .1 5 1 2 .4 1 2 .4 Y 1 1 .1 1 1 .1 Y 1 0 .5 1 0 .5 Y 9 .9 9 .9 Y 0 .2 0 1 2 .5 1 2 .5 Y 1 1 .4 1 1 .4 Y 1 0 .7 1 0 .7 Y 1 0 .1 1 0 .1 Y 2 .0 0 .4 5 0 .2 5 1 2 .5 1 2 .5 Y 1 1 .5 1 1 .5 Y 1 0 .9 1 0 .9 Y 1 0 .2 1 0 .2 Y 0 .3 0 1 2 .5 1 2 .5 Y 1 1 .7 1 1 .7 Y 1 1 .1 1 1 .1 Y 1 0 .4 1 0 .4 Y 3 .0 an d ov er 0 .6 5 0 .3 5 1 2 .5 1 2 .5 Y 1 1 .9 1 1 .9 Y 1 1 .2 1 1 .2 Y 1 0 .6 1 0 .6 Y 0 .4 0 1 2 .5 1 2 .5 Y 1 2 .1 1 2 .1 Y 1 1 .4 1 1 .4 Y 1 0 .7 1 0 .7 Y 0 .4 5 1 2 .5 1 2 .5 Y 1 2 .2 1 2 .2 Y 1 1 .6 1 1 .6 Y 1 0 .9 1 0 .9 Y 0 .5 0 1 2 .5 1 2 .5 Y 1 2 .5 1 2 .5 Y 1 1 .7 1 1 .7 Y 1 1 .1 1 1 .1 Y N O T E S : (1 ) F or in te rm ed ia te fl aw as pe ct ra ti os a/ ø an d th ic kn es s t, li ne ar in te rp ol at io n is pe rm is si bl e. R ef er to IW A -3 2 0 0 (b ) an d (c ). (2 ) t is no m in al w al l th ic kn es s or ac tu al w al l th ic kn es s as de te rm in ed by U T ex am in at io n. (3 ) T he to ta l de pt h of a su bs ur fa ce fl aw in 2 a. (4 ) Y p (S /t )/ (a /t ) p S /a . If S < 0 .4 d, th e fl aw is cl as si fi ed as a su rf ac e fl aw . If Y > 1 .0 , us e Y p 1 .0 . 143 docsity.com IWB-3516 1998 SECTION XI — DIVISION 1 IWB-3518.1 TABLE IWB-3514-3 ALLOWABLE LAMINAR FLAWS Nominal Pipe Wall Laminar Area,1,2 Thickness, t, in. sq in. 0.625 and less 7.5 3.5 7.5 6.0 12.0 NOTES: (1) Area of a laminar flaw is defined in IWA-3360. (2) Linear interpolation with respect to nominal pipe wall thickness is permissible to determine intermediate value of allowable laminar area. Refer to IWA-3200(c). IWB-3516 Standards for Examination Category B-K, Welded Attachments for Vessels, Piping, Pumps, and Valves IWB-3516.1 Allowable Planar Flaws (a) The size of an allowable flaw within the boundary of the examination surfaces and volumes in Figs. IWB- 2500-13, IWB-2500-14, and IWB-2500-15 shall not exceed the allowable flaw standards of this Article for the applicable supported pressure retaining component to which the attachment is welded. For indications located wholly on the attachment side of the line A- D in Figs. IWB-2500-13, IWB-2500-14, and IWB- 2500-15, the thickness and the surface of the attachment shall be considered the thickness and surface of the component for purposes of flaw indication characteriza- tion (IWA-3300) and for comparison with the allowable indication standards. For indications located in the examination volume A-B-C-D, the indication shall be characterized considering both the surface of the attach- ment and the surface of the pressure boundary as the surface of the component for comparison with the allowable indication standards. (b) Where a flaw extends beyond the boundaries of the examination surfaces and volumes, or separate flaws are detected that lie both within and beyond the boundaries but are characterized as single flaws by the rules of IWA-3000, the overall flaw size shall be compared with the standards of IWB-3516.1(a). (c) Where a flaw detected by a surface examination method exceeds the allowable standards of IWB- 3516.1(a), an optional volumetric examination may be conducted, in which case the allowable flaw standards for the volumetric examination method shall apply. IWB-3516.2 Allowable Laminar Flaws (a) The allowable area of a laminar flaw within the boundary of the examination volume of the attachment or the pressure retaining membrane to which the support 144 is attached shall be governed by IWB-3510, IWB-3514, or IWB-3518, as applicable. (b) Where laminar flaws are detected in an attachment which does not transmit tensile load in the through- thickness direction, the laminar flaw standards need not apply. IWB-3517 Standards2 for Examination Category B-G-1, Pressure Retaining Bolting Greater Than 2 in. (51 mm) in Diameter, and Examination Category B-G-2, Pressure Retaining Bolting 2 in. (51 mm) and Less in Diameter IWB-3517.1 Visual Examination, VT-1. The follow- ing relevant conditions3 shall require correction to meet the requirements of IWB-3122 prior to service or IWB- 3142 prior to continued service: (a) crack-like flaws that exceed the allowable linear flaw standards of IWB-3515; (b) more than one deformed or sheared thread in the zone of thread engagement of bolts, studs, or nuts; (c) localized general corrosion that reduces the bolt or stud cross-sectional area by more than 5%; (d) bending, twisting, or deformation of bolts or studs to the extent that assembly or disassembly is impaired; (e) missing or loose bolts, studs, nuts, or washers; (f) fractured bolts, studs, or nuts; (g) degradation of protective coatings on bolting surfaces; or (h) evidence of coolant leakage near bolting. IWB-3518 Standards for Examination Category B-L-1 and B-M-1, Pressure Retaining Welds in Pump Casings and Valve Bodies IWB-3518.1 Allowable Planar Flaws (a) The size of an allowable planar flaw within the boundary of the examination surfaces and volumes delineated in Figs. IWB-2500-16 and IWB-2500-17 shall not exceed the limits specified in Tables IWB- 3518-1 and IWB-3518-2, as applicable. Base material flaws in castings that are permitted by the governing material specifications and accepted under the rules of Section III are allowable. 2 The standards apply to accessible surfaces of bolting when examined in place, and to all surfaces when bolting is removed for examination. 3 Relevant conditions are defined in IWA-9000; they do not include fabrication marks, scratches, surface abrasion, material roughness, and any other conditions acceptable by material, design, and manufacturing specifications. docsity.com IWB-3518.1 REQUIREMENTS FOR CLASS 1 COMPONENTS IWB-3519.1 TABLE IWB-3514-4 ALLOWABLE LINEAR FLAWS Material: Ferritic steels that meet the requirements of NB-2300 and specified minimum yield strength of 50 ksi or less at 100°F Nominal Wall Thickness, t, in. [Note (1)] Less than Examination 0.312 0.312 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 and Over Surface Examination Method, PT or MT Preservice Examination [Note (2)] Flaw length, ø, in. 1⁄16 1⁄8 1⁄4 1⁄4 1⁄4 1⁄4 Inservice Examination [Note (2)] Flaw Length, ø, in. 3⁄16 3⁄16 5⁄16 5⁄8 7⁄8 7⁄8 Volumetric Examination Method, RT Preservice Examination [Note (3)] Surface Flaw Length, ø, in. . . . 1⁄8 1⁄4 1⁄4 1⁄4 1⁄4 Subsurface Flaw Length, ø, in. . . . 1⁄4 3⁄8 3⁄4 1.0 1.0 Inservice Examination [Note (3)] Surface Flaw Length, ø, in. . . . 3⁄16 5⁄16 5⁄8 7⁄8 7⁄8 Subsurface Flaw Length, ø, in. . . . 1⁄4 3⁄8 3⁄4 1.2 1.4 NOTES: (1) For intermediate nominal wall thicknesses, linear interpolation is permissible. Refer to IWA-3200(c). (2) The provision of IWB-3514.2(b) may be applied whenever these standards are exceeded. (3) The distinction between surface and subsurface flaws shall be determined by the rules of IWA-3320 and IWA-3370, and may require special examination techniques. (b) Where a flaw extends beyond the boundaries of the examination surfaces and volumes, or separate flaws are detected that lie both within and beyond the boundaries but are characterized as a single flaw by the rules of IWA-3300, the overall flaw shall be com- pared with the standards of IWB-3518.1(a). (c) Any two or more coplanar aligned flaws character- ized as separate flaws by IWA-3300 are allowable, provided the requirements of IWA-3390 are met. (d) Where a flaw is detected by the radiographic examination method and exceeds the allowable surface flaw standards of Table IWB-3518-1 or Table IWB- 3518-2 (as applicable), a supplemental examination by a surface examination method may be performed, with acceptance in accordance with Table IWB-3518-1 or Table IWB-3518-2. If acceptable by surface examina- tion, the flaw shall then be compared with the allowable subsurface flaw standards of Table IWB-3518-1 or Table IWB-3518-2. (e) A surface flaw in cladding detected by volumetric examination of austenitic clad ferritic base material shall be governed by the following standards. (1) Surface flaws that do not penetrate through the nominal clad thickness into base material are allowable. 145 (2) The size of an allowable surface flaw that penetrates through the cladding into base material shall not exceed the standards of IWB-3518.1(a), except that the dimension a of the flaw shall be the total depth minus the nominal clad thickness. IWB-3519 Standards for Examination Category B-L-2, Pump Casings, and Examination Category B-M-2, Valve Bodies IWB-3519.1 Visual Examination, VT-3. The follow- ing relevant conditions4 shall require correction to meet the requirements of IWB-3122 prior to service or IWB- 3142 prior to continued service: (a) corrosion or erosion that reduces the pressure retaining wall thickness5 by more than 10%; 4 Relevant conditions are defined in IWA-9000; they do not include fabrication marks, material roughness, casting irregularities, and other conditions acceptable by material, design, and manufacturing specifi- cations of the component. 5 Wall thickness is determined either from design information, con- struction drawings, or by measurement on the component. docsity.com IWB-3522.1 1998 SECTION XI — DIVISION 1 IWB-3523.1 TABLE IWB-3518-2 ALLOWABLE PLANAR FLAWS Material: Austenitic stainless steels that meet the requirements for the specified minimum yield strength of 35 ksi or less at 100°F Thickness Range: 2 in. and greater Volumetric (RT) and Surface Volumetric (UT)2,3 Method Volumetric (RT) Nominal Wall Surface Subsurface Surface Subsurface Thickness,1 Flaw, Flaw,4,5 Flaw, Flaw, t, in. a, in. ø, in. a, in. ø, in. Length, ø, in. Length, ø, in. Preservice Examination 2.0 0.17 1.04 0.17Y 1.04 1⁄4 3⁄4 3.0 and over 0.24 1.44 0.24Y 1.44 1⁄4 3⁄4 Inservice Examination 2.0 0.22 1.32 0.22Y 1.32 0.3 1.0 3.0 and over 0.30 1.80 0.30Y 1.80 0.45 1.0 NOTES: (1) t is the nominal wall thickness at the section where the flaw is detected or the actual wall thickness as determined by a UT examination. For intermediate wall thicknesses, linear interpolation is acceptable. Refer to IWA-3200(c). (2) The allowable flaws for preservice examination are based on the following equations: a / t p (10.1 − 0.7t) /100, where t max. p 3 ø / t p (60.6 − 4.2t) /100, where t max. p 3 (3) The allowable flaws for inservice examinations are based on the following equations: a / t p (12.7 − 0.9t) /100, where t max. p 3 ø / t p (76.2 − 5.4t) /100, where t max. p 3 (4) Y p (S/ t) / (a / t ) p S/a. If S < 0.4d, the flaw is classified as a surface flaw. If Y> 1.0, use Y p 1.0 (5) The total depth of a subsurface flaw is 2a. the conduct of system pressure tests shall require correc- tion to meet the requirements of IWB-3142 and IWA- 5250 prior to continued service: (a) leakage from noninsulated components (IWA- 5241); (b) leakage in excess of permissible levels defined by the Owner from components provided with leakage limiting devices (IWA-5243); (c) leakage9 from insulated components or inaccessi- ble components that will require location of leakage source (IWA-5242); (d) areas of general corrosion of a component re- sulting from leakage [IWA-5250(b)]; 9 The leakage is the through-wall leakage that penetrates the pressure retaining membrane. 148 (e) discoloration or accumulated residues on surfaces of components, insulation, or floor areas that may be evidence of borated water leakage9 [IWA-5242(c)]; or (f) leakages or flow test results from buried compo- nents (IWA-5244) in excess of limits established by the Owner. IWB-3523 Standards for Examination Category B-O, Pressure Retaining Welds in Control Rod Drive Housings IWB-3523.1 Allowable Planar Flaws (a) The size of an allowable planar flaw within the boundary of the examination surfaces and volumes delineated in Fig. IWB-2500-18 shall not exceed the docsity.com IWB-3523.1 REQUIREMENTS FOR CLASS 1 COMPONENTS IWB-3611 limits specified in IWB-3523.2 and IWB-3523.3, as applicable. (b) Where a flaw extends beyond the boundaries of the examination surfaces and volumes, or separate flaws are detected that lie both within and beyond the boundaries but are characterized as a single flaw by the rules of IWA-3300, the overall flaw size shall be compared with the standards of IWB-3523.1(a). (c) Any two or more coplanar aligned flaws character- ized as separate flaws by IWA-3300 are allowable, provided the requirements of IWA-3390 are met. IWB-3523.2 Allowable Flaw Standards for Surface Examination (a) The size of allowable flaws shall not exceed 3⁄16 in. (4.8 mm) for the preservice examination and 1⁄4 in. (6 mm) for the inservice examination. (b) Where a flaw on the outer surface of the housing exceeds the allowable standards, the housing may be examined using the volumetric method, and the accept- ance standards of IWB-3523.3 shall apply. IWB-3523.3 Allowable Flaw Standards for Volu- metric Examination (a) The depth of an allowable preservice flaw shall not exceed 10% of weld thickness; the length shall not exceed 60% of weld thickness. (b) The depth of an allowable inservice flaw shall not exceed 12.5% of weld thickness; the length shall not exceed 75% of weld thickness. IWB-3600 ANALYTICAL EVALUATION OF FLAWS IWB-3610 ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR FERRITIC STEEL COMPONENTS 4 in. AND GREATER IN THICKNESS (a) A flaw that exceeds the size of allowable flaws defined in IWB-3500 may be evaluated by analytical procedures such as described in Appendix A to calculate its growth until the next inspection or the end of service lifetime of the component. (b) For purposes of evaluation by analysis, the depth of flaws in clad components shall be defined in accord- ance with Fig. IWB-3610-1 as follows: (1) Category 1 — A flaw that lies entirely in the cladding need not be evaluated. (2) Category 2 — A surface flaw that penetrates the cladding and extends into the ferritic steel shall be evaluated on the basis of the total flaw depth in both the ferritic steel and cladding. 149 (3) Category 3 — A subsurface flaw that lies in both the ferritic steel and the cladding shall be treated as either a surface or a subsurface flaw depending on the relationship between S and d as shown in Fig. IWB-3610-1. (4) Category 4 — A subsurface flaw that lies entirely in the ferritic steel and terminates at the weld metal interface shall be treated as either a surface or subsurface flaw depending on the relationship between S and d as shown in Fig. IWB-3610-1. (5) Category 5 — A subsurface flaw contained entirely in the ferritic steel shall be treated as either a surface or a subsurface flaw depending on the relation- ship between S and d as shown in Fig. IWB-3610-1. (c) When examination results do not permit accurate determination of the flaw category, the more conserva- tive category shall be selected. (d) The component containing the flaw is acceptable for continued service during the evaluated time period if the following are satisfied: (1) the criteria of IWB-3611 or IWB-3612; (2) the primary stress limits of NB-3000, assuming a local area reduction of the pressure retaining mem- brane that is equal to the area of the detected flaw(s) as determined by the flaw characterization rules of IWA-3000. (e) The evaluation procedures shall be the responsi- bility of the Owner and shall be subject to approval by the regulatory authority having jurisdiction at the plant site. IWB-3611 Acceptance Criteria Based on Flaw Size A flaw exceeding the limits of IWB-3500 is acceptable if the critical flaw parameters satisfy the following criteria: af < 0.1ac af < 0.5ai where afp the maximum size to which the detected flaw is calculated to grow in a specified time period, which can be the next scheduled inspection of the component, or until the end of vessel design lifetime acp the minimum critical flaw size of the flaw under normal operating conditions aip the minimum critical flaw size of the flaw for initiation of nonarresting growth under postu- lated emergency and faulted conditions docsity.com Fig. IWB-3610-1 1998 SECTION XI — DIVISION 1 FIG. IWB-3610-1 CHARACTERIZATION AND PROXIMITY RULES FOR ANALYTICAL EVALUATION OF CLAD COMPONENTS 150 docsity.com Table IWB-3641-1 REQUIREMENTS FOR CLASS 1 COMPONENTS Fig. IWB-3641-1 TABLE IWB-3641-1 ALLOWABLE END-OF-EVALUATION PERIOD FLAW DEPTH1 TO THICKNESS RATIO FOR CIRCUMFERENTIAL FLAWS — NORMAL OPERATING (INCLUDING UPSET AND TEST) CONDITIONS Ratio of Flaw Length, ø f, to Pipe Circumference [Note (3)] Stress Ratio 0.5 [See Note (5)] 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 or Greater 1.5 (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) 1.4 0.75 0.40 0.21 0.15 (4) (4) 1.3 0.75 0.75 0.39 0.27 0.22 0.19 1.2 0.75 0.75 0.56 0.40 0.32 0.27 1.1 0.75 0.75 0.73 0.51 0.42 0.34 1.0 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.63 0.51 0.41 0.9 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.73 0.59 0.47 0.8 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.68 0.53 0.7 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.58 ≤ 0.6 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.63 NOTES: (1) Flaw depth p an for a surface flaw 2an for a subsurface flaw t p nominal thickness Linear interpolation is permissible. (2) Pm p primary longitudinal membrane stress (Pm ≤ 0.05 Sm) Pb p primary bending stress Sm p allowable design stress intensity (in accordance with Section III) Pe p expansion stress resulting from restraint of free end displacement Z p 1.15 [1 + 0.013 (D-4)] for SMAW p 1.30 [1 + 0.010 (D-4)] for SAW D p nominal outside diameter of the pipe, in. (3) Circumference based on nominal pipe diameter. (4) IWB-3514.3 shall be used. (5) Stress Ratio p Pm + Pb Sm for base metal and GMAW and GTAW welds; and Z Sm 3Pm + Pb + Pe2.774 for SAW and SMAW welds FIG. IWB-3641-1 WELD MATERIAL–BASE MATERIAL INTERFACE DEFINITION FOR FLAW LOCATION 153 docsity.com IWB-3650 1998 SECTION XI — DIVISION 1 IWB-3652 TABLE IWB-3641-2 ALLOWABLE END-OF-EVALUATION PERIOD FLAW DEPTH1 TO THICKNESS RATIO FOR CIRCUMFERENTIAL FLAWS — EMERGENCY AND FAULTED CONDITIONS Ratio of Flaw Length, ø f, to Pipe Circumference [Note (3)]Stress Ratio [See Note (5)] 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.75 1.0 3.0 (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) 2.8 0.75 0.46 0.24 0.17 0.13 (4) (4) (4) 2.6 0.75 0.75 0.39 0.27 0.22 0.19 0.17 0.17 2.4 0.75 0.75 0.54 0.38 0.30 0.26 0.24 0.24 2.2 0.75 0.75 0.68 0.48 0.38 0.33 0.30 0.29 2.0 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.58 0.46 0.40 0.35 0.35 1.8 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.67 0.54 0.47 0.41 0.40 1.6 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.62 0.53 0.46 0.46 1.4 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.69 0.60 0.51 0.51 ≤ 1.2 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.66 0.56 0.55 NOTES: (1) Flaw depth p ao for a surface flaw 2ao for a subsurface flaw t p nominal thickness Linear interpolation is permissible. (2) Pm p primary longitudinal membrane stress (Pm ≤ 1.0 Sm) Pb p primary bending stress. The sum (Pm + Pb) shall not exceed 2Sy, where Sy is the Section III specified minimum yield stress. Sm p allowable design stress intensity (in accordance with Section III) Pe p expansion stress resulting from restraint of free end displacement Z p 1.15 [1 + 0.013 (D-4)] for SMAW p 1.30 [1 + 0.010 (D-4)] for SAW D p nominal outside diameter of the pipe, in. (3) Circumference based on nominal pipe diameter. (4) IWB-3514.3 shall be used. (5) Stress Ratio p Pm + Pb Sm for base metal and GMAW and GTAW welds; and Z Sm 3Pm + Pb + Pe2.774 for SAW and SMAW welds IWB-3650 EVALUATION PROCEDURES AND ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR FLAWS IN FERRITIC PIPING Ferritic piping containing a flaw exceeding the accept- ance standards of IWB-3514.2 may be evaluated by analytical procedures to determine acceptability for continued service to the next inspection or to the end of service lifetime. The pipe containing the flaw is acceptable for continued service during the evaluated time period if the criteria of IWB-3652(a) or (b) are satisfied. The evaluation shall be the responsibility of the Owner and shall be subject to the approval of the regulatory authority having jurisdiction at the plant site. The evaluation shall be submitted to the enforcement authorities having jurisdiction at the plant site. IWB-3651 Evaluation Procedures Evaluation procedures based on flaw size or applied stress such as those defined in Appendix H may be used, subject to the following. 154 (a) The evaluation procedures and acceptance criteria are applicable to ferritic piping NPS 4 or greater and portions of adjoining pipe fittings within a distance of √ R2t from the weld center line, where R2 is the outside radius and t is the thickness of the pipe. (b) The evaluation procedures and acceptance criteria are applicable to seamless or welded wrought carbon steel piping and pipe fittings that have a specified minimum yield strength not greater than 40 ksi, and their associated weld materials. IWB-3652 Acceptance Criteria A ferritic pipe containing a flaw exceeding the accept- ance standards of IWB-3514.2 may be evaluated by analytical procedures such as those described in Appen- dix H and are acceptable for continued service during the evaluated time period when the critical flaw parameters satisfy the criteria in IWB-3652(a) or (b). (a) Flaw Size Criteria docsity.com IWB-3652 REQUIREMENTS FOR CLASS 1 COMPONENTS IWB-3652 TABLE IWB-3641-3 ALLOWABLE END-OF-EVALUATION PERIOD FLAW DEPTH1 TO THICKNESS RATIO FOR AXIAL FLAWS — NORMAL OPERATING (INCLUDING UPSET AND TEST) CONDITIONS Nondimensional Flaw Length [Note (3)] (øf /√ rt)Stress Ratio 12.0 or [Note (2)] 0.0 0.5 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 11.0 Greater ≤0.4 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.74 0.70 0.68 0.67 0.66 0.65 0.64 0.64 0.64 (4) 0.5 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.72 0.65 0.61 0.59 0.58 0.57 0.56 0.55 (4) (4) (4) 0.6 0.75 0.75 0.75 0.64 0.55 0.51 0.49 0.48 0.47 (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) 0.7 0.75 0.75 0.73 0.53 0.44 0.40 0.38 0.37 (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) 0.8 0.75 0.75 0.62 0.40 0.32 0.28 0.26 (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) 0.9 0.75 0.70 0.42 0.23 0.17 0.15 0.14 (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) 1.0 (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) NOTES: (1) Flaw depth p an for a surface flaw p 2an for a subsurface flaw Linear interpolation is permissible. (2) Stress ratio p PD 2t /Sm where P = maximum pressure for normal operating conditions D = nominal outside diameter of the pipe t = nominal thickness Sm = allowable design stress intensity (in accordance with Section III) (3) ø f = end-of-evaluation period for flaw length r = nominal radius of the pipe t = nominal thickness (4) IWB-3514.3 shall be used. a f ≤ an and a f ≤ ao where af p the maximum depth to which the detected flaw is calculated to grow by the end of the evaluation period øf p the maximum length to which the detected flaw is calculated to grow by the end of the evaluation period anp the maximum allowable flaw depth correspond- ing to the flaw length øf for normal operating (including upset and test) conditions aop the maximum allowable flaw depth correspond- ing to the flaw length øf for postulated emer- gency and faulted conditions Tables of allowable flaw depths are given in Appendix H. The allowable flaw depths for the flawed pipe, an and ao, are functions of the actual pipe stresses, the required safety margins, the pipe material properties, 155 the end-of-evaluation-period flaw length and depth, flaw orientation, and the pipe failure mode. (b) Applied Stress Criteria Pb ≤ Sc for circumferential flaws or sh ≤ Sa for axial flaws where Pbp the maximum applied pipe primary bending stress shp the maximum applied pipe hoop stress Scp the allowable pipe bending stress for a pipe with a circumferential flaw Sap the allowable pipe hoop stress for a pipe with an axial flaw Equations for these values are given in Appendix H. The allowable stress for the flawed pipe, Sc or Sa, is a function of the actual pipe stresses, the required safety margins, the pipe material properties, the end- docsity.com