Basic Communication Skills - Chronic Mental Illness - Lecture Slides, Slides of Sociology of Health and Illness

Download Basic Communication Skills - Chronic Mental Illness - Lecture Slides and more Slides Sociology of Health and Illness in PDF only on Docsity! 1 Basic Communication Skills Agenda • Getting Acquainted Exercise: “Fantasy Island” • Lecture and Discussion on Basic Communication Skills • Practice/Role Play • Questions/Feedback Attending • Orienting oneself physically and psychological • Conveys empathy • Encourages the other person to talk • SOLER Docsity.com 2 SOLER • S: Face the other Squarely • O: Adopt an Open Posture • L: Lean toward the other • E: Make Eye Contact • R: Be Relatively Relaxed ----------------------------------------------------------- ---- • Tone of your voice • Rate of speech • Tracking the client’s topic Basic Communication Skills • Open-Ended Questions • Closed-Ended Questions • Paraphrasing • Reflection of Feeling • Summary Closed-Ended Questions • Questions that the other can easily answer with a “Yes,” “No,” or one- or two-word responses – “Are you going to have the test done?” – “Did you drink before you got into the car?” – “Do you drink often?” – “Do you exercise?” – “Do you like your job?” Docsity.com 5 Paraphrasing (cont’d) – Select an appropriate beginning (see handout) • E.g., “It sounds like,” “You think,” “I hear you saying,” – Translate the key content into your own words • E.g., “It sounds like you haven’t found a way to tell your husband you want to end the relationship because of his possible reaction. Is that right?” – Confirm the accuracy of the paraphrase Paraphrasing (cont’d) • Purposes – Tells the client that you have understood what they said – Can encourage the client to elaborate – Helps the client focus or get back on track – Helps the client clarify her or his thinking Practice • Client 1, a middle-aged graduate student: “It’s just a rough time for me—trying to work, keeping up with graduate school, and spending time with my family. I keep telling myself it will slow down someday.” Docsity.com 6 Practice • Client 2, a 30-year-old woman: “My husband and I argue all the time about how to manage our kids. He says I always interfere with his discipline—I think he is too harsh with them. Practice • Client 3, a 6-year-old boy: “I wish I didn’t have a little sister. I know my parents love her more than me.” Reflection of Feeling • Restatement of affect • Example 1 – Client: “I don’t know. Maybe this marriage isn’t worth holding together any longer. We’ve already tried just about every option.” – Counselor: “You feel so frustrated and overwhelmed trying to resolve your conflicts without help from your wife. It’s as if she had already given up on your relationship and now you are feeling hopeless and helpless.” Docsity.com 7 Reflection of Feeling (cont’d) • Example 2 – Client, a 50-year-old steelworker now laid off: “Now look, what can I do? I’ve been laid off over a year. I’ve got no money, no job, and a family to take care of. It’s also clear to me that my mind and skills are just wasting away. [Said in a loud, critical voice, staring at the ceiling, brow furrowed, eyes squinting] Reflection of Feeling (cont’d) • Steps – Listen for overt feeling words – Watch nonverbal behavior. • What feelings are implied in the client’s nonverbal behavior? • E.g., disgust, anger, upset, frustration, resentment, disillusionment, discouragement – Verbally reflect the feelings back to the client • What is a good choice of affect words that accurately describe the client’s feelings? • Anger and discouragement Reflection of Feeling (cont’d) – Start with appropriate sentence stem • E.g., “I see you,” “it’s clear to me that you,” or “from where I’m looking you” – Add the context or situation around which the feelings occur • Loss of job, no resources, no job prospects in sight • Reflection: “From where I’m looking, you seem very upset about having your job and stability taken away from you. – Assess the effectiveness of your reflection Docsity.com 10 Summary • Steps – Recall key content and affect messages • Key content: wants parents to stay together • Key affect: feels sad, upset, responsible – Identify patterns or themes • She is the one who is responsible for her parents’ breakup – Use an appropriate sentence stem and verbalize the summarization response • e.g., “I sense,” or “You are feeling” – Summarize • e.g., “Earlier today you indicated you didn’t feel like blaming anyone for what’s happening to your parents. Now I’m sensing that you are feeling like you are responsible for their breakup – Assess the effectiveness of your summarization Summary (cont’d) • Purposes – To tie together multiple elements of client messages – To identify a common theme or pattern – To interrupt excessive rambling – To start a session – To end a session – To pace a session – To review progress – To serve as a transition when changing topics Practice • Client 1, a 30-year-old man who has been blaming himself for his wife’s unhappiness: I really feel guilty about marrying her in the first place. It wasn’t really for love. It was just a convenient thing to do. I feel like I’ve messed up her life really badly. I also feel obliged to her. [Said in low, soft voice tone with lowered eyes] Docsity.com 11 Practice • Client 2, a 35-year-old woman who focused on how her life has improved since having children: I never thought I would feel this great. I always thought being a parent would be boring and terribly difficult. It’s not, for me. It’s fascinating and easy. It makes everything worthwhile. [Said with alertness and animation] Practice • Client 3, a 27-year-old woman who has continually focused on her relationships with men and her needs for excitement and stability: – First session: I’ve been dating lots and lots of men for the last few years. Most of them have been married. That’s great because there are no demands on me. [Bright eyes, facial animation, high-pitched voice] – Fourth session: It doesn’t feel so good anymore. It’s not so much fun. Now I guess I miss having some commitment and stability in my life. [Soft voice, lowered eyes] Role-Playing • Designed for practicing new counseling skills • Valuable in the beginning stages of learning • Can be uncomfortable at first – Think of the experience as a play • Should NOT be used as an opportunity to resolve personal problems • Present realistic problems • Do not overdo being a difficult client Docsity.com 12 Suggestions for Giving Feedback • Person receiving the feedback should be in charge • Focus on strengths • Concrete and specific • Non-judgmental • Lean and precise • Well-timed • Checked to insure communication Docsity.com