Download Foundations - Architectural Assistantship - Lecture Slides and more Slides Architecture in PDF only on Docsity! FOUNDATIONS (WORKING DRAWING) docsity.com INTRODUCTION TO FOUNDATIONS Function of a foundation is to transfer the structural loads from a building safely into the ground. A larger and heavier building of masonry, steel, or concrete would require its foundations to go deeper into earth such that the soil or the rock on which it is founded is competent to carry its massive loads. docsity.com Site Preparation •Remove trees and any debris •Remove top soil (4-6” below surface) docsity.com Site Layout •Ensure lot lines are known & setbacks are complete •Layout building perimeter •Use batter boards •Establish building corners & building perimeter •Use surveying instruments docsity.com Excavation •Excavate foundation along line created by batter boards •Excavate remainder of soil inside perimeter •Don’t excavate inside soil if slab on grade •If deep foundation, taper edges to prevent collapse •If soil unstable, or very deep - use shoring docsity.com TYPES OF FOUNDATION Major Building Parts Superstructure Substructure Foundation docsity.com TYPES OF FOUNDATION Two types foundations : Shallow and Deep – Depends on whether the load transfer is at deeper depths or shallower depths - Need for these two types (soil strength, ground water conditions, foundation loads, construction methods and impact on adjacent property) docsity.com TYPES OF FOUNDATION Shallow foundations (column footings without or with tie/grade beams, individual or combined wall footing, slab on grade, raft) - Deep foundations (caissons with or without sockets, end bearing or friction piles, pile groups), made of concrete (regular or site-cast) or steel or wood docsity.com Shallow Foundations Stepped strip footings Grade Beams /// \\\ \\\ \\\ /// /// docsity.com Shallow Foundations
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Deep Foundations - Purpose Transfer building loads deep into the earth Basic types – Drilled (& poured) – Driven docsity.com Precast Concrete Plies docsity.com
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