Individualbehaviour 1109144 phpapp01, Exercises of Advanced Education

Download Individualbehaviour 1109144 phpapp01 and more Exercises Advanced Education in PDF only on Docsity! By:- Ajay Kumar Assistant Professor Management department PCTE Group of Institutes INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOUR 1 INTRODUCTION • The behaviour of each individual is influenced by several factors • Every individuals have particulars motives, ambitions, perceptions and abilities. • To understand the human behaviour a careful study of all the factors is necessary. 2 a) BIOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS • Personal characteristics such as age, gender, and marital status that are objective and easily obtained from personnel records. • Biographical characteristics are generic in nature and are inherited. 5 a) BIOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS a) Physical characteristics- • These characteristics are related to height, skin, complexion, vision, shape and size. • Whether there is a correlation between body structure or not has been scientifically proven. b) Age- • The relationship between age and job performance is an issue of increasing performance. • Psychologically, young people are expected to be more energetic, innovative, adventurous, ambitious and risk taking. • Whereas old people are supposed to be more conservative, set their own way and less adaptable. • Though it is incorrect to generalize in all the cases. • There is a relationship between age and absenteeism. 6 a) BIOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS c) Gender - • Studies and research has proved that there are few, if any, important differences between man and woman that will affect their job performance. • Gender has its impact on absenteeism. d) Religion - • Religion and religion based cultures play an important role in determining some aspects of individual behaviour. e) Marital status - • There are not enough studies which could draw any conclusion as to whether there is any relationship between marital status and job performance. 7 B) LEARNED CHARACTERISTICS 1. Personality:- Personality is dynamic concept describing the growth and development of a person’s whole psychological system. 2. Perception:- Perception is the viewpoint of one person interprets situation. 3. Attitude:- Attitude expresses an individual’s positive or negative feeling about some object. 4. Values:- Values carries an individual’s ideas as to what is right and what is wrong. Values are global beliefs that guide actions and judgments across a variety of situations. Values represents basic convictions that a specific mode of conduct is personally or socially preferable to an opposite mode of conduct. 10 2. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS • The external environment is known to have a considerable impact on a person’s behaviour. A brief description of the external factors follows:- 1. Economic factors. a) Employment level:-The employment opportunities available to individuals, the wages payable to them, the general economic environment and the technological development affect the individual behaviour to a large extent, either directly or indirectly. b) Wage rates:- The major considerations of every employee working in any organization is his wages. Monetary factor is the major factor affecting the job satisfaction of the worker. c) Technological development:- Technological development is having the impact on the job opportunities. 11 2. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS 2. socio-culture factor :- the social environment of an individual includes his relationship with family members, friends, colleagues, supervisors and subordinates. The behaviour of other people not with the individual, but in general, is also a part of his social environment. 3. Political factors :- political environment of the country will affect the individual behaviour not directly, but through several other factors. Like stable political situation means better employment and high level of capital investment. 4. Legal environment:- Rules and laws are formalized and written standards of behaviour. 12