logic gate (AND, OR, XOR, NOT, NAND, NOR and XNOR), Study notes of Computer Fundamentals

Download logic gate (AND, OR, XOR, NOT, NAND, NOR and XNOR) and more Study notes Computer Fundamentals in PDF only on Docsity! DEFINITION logic gate (AND, OR, XOR, NOT, NAND, NOR and XNOR) Definition: A logic gate is an elementary building block of a digital circuit. Most logic gates have two inputs and one output. At any given moment, every terminal is in one of the two binaryconditions low (0) or high (1), represented by different voltage levels. The logic state of a terminal can, and generally does, change often, as the circuit processes data. In most logic gates, the low state is approximately zero volts (0 V), while the high state is approximately five volts positive (+5 V). Type of Logic gate: There are seven basic logic gates: • AND • OR • XOR • NOT • NAND • NOR and • XNOR AND gate : The AND gate is so named because, if 0 is called "false" and 1 is called "true," the gate acts in the same way as the logical "and" operator. The following illustration and table show the circuit symbol and logic combinations for an AND gate. (In the symbol, the input terminals are at left and the output terminal is at right.) The output is "true" when both inputs are "true." Otherwise, the output is "false." AND gate Input 1 Input 2 Output 1 1 1 1 1 OR gate: The OR gate gets its name from the fact that it behaves after the fashion of the logical inclusive "or." The output is "true" if either or both of the inputs are "true." If both inputs are "false," then the output is "false." OR gate Input 1 Input 2 Output 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 XOR gate: The XOR (exclusive-OR ) gate acts in the same way as the logical "either/or." The output is "true" if either, but not both, of the inputs are "true." The output is "false" if both inputs are "false" or if both inputs are "true." Another way of looking at this circuit is to observe that the output is 1 if the inputs are different, but 0 if the inputs are the same. XOR gate Input 1 Input 2 Output 1 1 1 1 1 1 Inverter or NOT gate: A logical inverter , sometimes called a NOT gate to differentiate it from other types of electronic inverter devices, has only one input. It reverses the logic state. Inverter or NOT gate Input Output 1 1 NAND gate: The NAND gate operates as an AND gate followed by a NOT gate. It acts in the manner of the logical operation "and" followed by negation. The output is "false" if both inputs are "true." Otherwise, the output is "true." NAND gate Input 1 Input 2 Output 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 NOR gate: The NOR gate is a combination OR gate followed by an inverter. Its output is "true" if both inputs are "false." Otherwise, the output is "false." NOR gate Input 1 Input 2 Output 1 1 1 1 1 • K • L • M • N • O • P • Q • R • S • T • U • V • W • X • Y • Z • # Word of the Day telehealth Telehealth is the practice of remotely conducting healthcare examinations or distributing health-related information. The term is closely associated ... 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