Devolution UK and so, Leitfäden, Projektarbeiten und Recherchen von Englisch

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2023/2024

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Devolution
By Alina, Hristyan, Rasiga, Thorolf, Viktoria,
Vincent
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Devolution

By Alina, Hristyan, Rasiga, Thorolf, Viktoria,

Vincent

  • Introduction to Devolution
  • Historical Background
  • Devolved Governments
  • Impact on Governance
  • Challenges and Controversies
  • Future Perspectives Overview
  • 1535-1542 => Laws in Wales Acts integrated Wales into England
  • 1880-1921 => Rise of political devolution movements
  • 1940/50 => Parliament for Wales campaign reignited devolution discussions
  • 1960s => Creation of Secretary of State for Wales and Welsh Office
  • 1970s => Failed referendum on devolution despite increasing support Historical Background
  • 1997-1998 => Successful referendum led to the creation of the National Assembly for Wales
  • 2007 => Empowerment of the Assembly trough the Government of Wales Act 2006
  • 2011-2014 => Extension of primary law-making powers and recommendations from the Silk Comission
  • 2018 => Introduction of devolved Welsh taxes
  • 2020 => Recognition of the Senedd as a fully-fledged parliament Historical Background
  • National Assembly for Wales, now known as the Welsh Parliament
  • Location: Cardiff
  • Members called Members of the Senedd (MS)
  • Electoral system: Mixed member proportional representation
  • Limited tax-raising powers, up to 10 pence in the pound
  • Welsh Government led by the First Minister
  • Responsibilities include implementing policies and delivering services in devolved areas such as education, health, and economic development.

Wales

Devolved Goverments

  • Devolved government: Northern Ireland Assembly (NIA)
  • Location: Stormont, Belfast
  • Power-sharing executive
  • Comprised of representatives from both unionist and nationalist communities
  • Some matters reserved to the UK Parliament, especially related to national security and certain aspects of economic policy
  • Northern Ireland Executive, led jointly by the First Minister and the Deputy First Minister
  • Responsible for governing Northern Ireland, including implementing policies and delivering public services in devolved areas.

Nothern Ireland

Devolved Goverments

  • Scotland:
  • Scottish Parliament: legislative and tax-raising powers.
  • Responsibilities: health, education, justice.
  • Wales:
  • Welsh Parliament: gaining more powers gradually.
  • Focus areas: environment, transport, economic development. Impact on Governance
  • Northern Ireland:
  • Northern Ireland Assembly: oversees health, education, social services.
  • UK government retains defense, foreign affairs responsibility. Impact on Governance
  • Increased Regional Autonomy: Technology facilitates efficient local governance, prompting further devolution.
  • Fragmentation: Strong cultural or ethnic identities drive movements for secession, leading to nation fragmentation.
  • Globalization vs. Localization: Tension between globalization and local identity intensifies, influencing devolution.
  • Technological Sovereignty: Nations assert control over data and digital governance, possibly devolving power to regions. Future Perspectives
  • Climate Change Adaptation: Regions demand autonomy to enact tailored environmental policies.
  • Economic Disparities: Economic gaps fuel demands for resource control and decision-making autonomy.
  • Conflict and Fragmentation: Devolution exacerbates historical grievances, potentially leading to instability.
  • Supranational Governance: Balance between regional autonomy and centralized authority amid global challenges. Future Perspectives