AST Surgical Technologist CST Practice Exam Questions and Answers., Exams of Medicine

Download AST Surgical Technologist CST Practice Exam Questions and Answers. and more Exams Medicine in PDF only on Docsity! AST Surgical Technologist CST Practice Exam Questions and Answers. 1. Which of the following clips is used for scalp hemostasis in cranial procedures? A. Raney b.Filshie c. Hemoclip d. Backhaus - \A. Raney The local freezing of diseased tissue to facilitate removal without bleeding is: a. Cryosurgery b. Electrocautery c. Diathermy d. harmonic scalpel - \A. Cryosurgery In severe aortic stenosis, all of the following are indications of valve replacement except? a. Myocardial ischemia b. Left ventricle hypertrophy c. Palpitations d. Angina - \C. Palpitations In the event a child requires emergency surgery, but the parents cannot be located to sign the surgical consent: a. Consent is signed by a court of law b. Consent is signed by two consulting physicians c. No consent is required d. Consent is signed by the surgeon - \b. Consent is signed by two consulting physicians Ethylene Oxide (ETO) sterilization destroys microbes by the process of: a. alkylation b. Osmosis c. Oxidation d. Cavitation - \a. Alkylation What is the most common cause of aortic aneurysm? a. Thrombus b. Embolus c. Atherosclerosis d. Hypotension - \C. Atherosclerosis What is used to determine the position of cannulated screws during repair of a femoral neck fracture? a. Broach b. Guide pins c. Canal reamer d. ruler - \B. Guide pins The instruments show below are used to dilate the: a. urethra b. cervix c. Coronary artery d. Intranasal antrostomy - \B. cervix Prior to being placed in the Eto sterilizer, items must: a. Not be heat sensitive b. Be lubricated with oil c. Have residual water on their surface d. Be completely dry - \D. Be completely dry During general anesthesia induction, which sense is the last to be experienced by the patient? a. Touch b. Taste c. Hearing d. Smell - \C. Hearing The purpose of creating an arteriovenous fistula is for: a. Lavage b. Chemotherapy c. Hemodialysis d. Hemostasis - \C. Hemodialysis What nerve is at greater risk during a thyriodectomy? a. Cervical sympathetic chain b. Inferior laryngeal c. Vagus d. Recurrent laryngeal - \D. Recurrent laryngeal if the surgeon uses a knife blade to incise the oral mucosa, the preferred blade is: a. 20 B. 10 c. 11 d. 12 - \d. 12 One option for the cold dissection of the tonsils is the use of the #12 knife blade The gravity steam sterilization process can be rendered ineffective if the: a. Air is removed b. Steam quality is 97% c. Temperature is below 250deg d. Packs are loosely arranged on cart - \c. Temperature is below 250deg A suture used to retract a structure to the side of the operative field is a/an: a. Retention suture b. Traction suture c. Bolster suture d. Primary suture - \b. Traction suture What must the circulating surgical technologist to when placing the patient in the supine position? a. Confirm ankles are not crossed b. Place rolls under the axillae c. Confirm chest is not compromised d. Place a pillow between the knees - \a. Confirm angles are not crossed What body system aids in the metastatic spread of cancer cells? a. Lymphatic b. Reproductive c. Respiratory d. Limbic - \a. Lymphatic Which of the following is inserted into the symphonic membrane incision during a myringotomy? a. Fascial graft b. PE tube c. Tympanostomy tubes d. Speculum - \b. PE tube Ventilation or pressure equalizing (PE) tube is inserted into the incision to facilitate pressure equalization Which organelle contains digestive juices? a. Ribosome b. Lysosome c. Mitochondria d. Nucleus - \b. Lysosome During a thyriodectomy, if all parathyroid glands are accidentally removed, what complications will occur? a. Tetany b. Bradycardia c. Thryoid storm d. Hemorrhage - \a. Tetany (Tetany is characterized by severe cramps, convulsions and twitching of the muscles, and extreme flexion of the joints caused buy a low level of calcium) Which of the following surgical instruments is used to retract the lung? a. Glover b. Kocher c. Allison d. Davidson - \c. Allison (The Allison lung retractor is a non-traumatic retractor that is used specifically for the lung. Which of the following instruments would be used to remove nasal polyps? a. Antrum rasp b. Krause nasal snare c Knight nasal scissors d. Gruenwald nasal forceps - \B. Krause nasal snare What anatomical structure is Mersilene tape sutured around during a cerclage? a. Ligaments b. Cervix c. Uterus d. Fallopian tubes - \b. Cervix (Cervical Cerclage also called Shirodkar's procedure) What does the suffix - ectomy mean? a. Incision b. Opening c. Anastomosis d. Excision - \d. Excision What would the preoperative diagnosis be for an infant undergoing craniotomy? a. Myelomeningocele b. Craniosynostosis c. Anencephaly d. Arteriovenous malformation - \b. Craniosynostosis Where is the anterior chamber of the eye located? a. Posterior to the cornea and anterior to the iris b. Posterior to the cornea and anterior to the lens c. Posterior to the iris and anterior to the lens d. Posterior to the iris and anterior to the retina - \a. Posterior to the cornea and anterior to the iris Which of the following would contraindicate preoperatively setting up the cell saver machine? a. Patient received preoperative blood transfusion b. Patient is on preoperative steroids c. Sponges will be used during procedure d. Patient has cancer - \d. patient has cancer Which medication is contraindicated for patients with a history of malignant hyperthermia? a.Succinylcholine b. Dantrolene c. papaverine d. Vecuronium - \a. Succinylcholine (triggers malignant hyperthermia) Which of the following is an incision into the tympanic membrane for the removal of accumulated fluid? a. Otoplasty b. Tympanoplasty c. stapedotomy d. Myringotomy - \d. Myringotomy Which of the following is not a requirement when a patient is placed in the prone position? a. bolsters placed under axilllae b. Arms on arm boards parallel to bed c. Head placed on donut a. Liver b. Spleen c. Pancreas d. Thryoid - \b. spleen What incision is frequently used for pediatric aortic coarctation repair? a. Thoracoabdominal b. Median sternotomy c. Posterolateral thoracotomy d. Anterolateral thoracotomy - \c. Posterolateral thoracotomy Type and cross match for blood is completed: a. On all hospital patients b. In the OR, just before the incision is made c. If blood loss with replacement is anticipated d. On all surgical patients - \c. If blood loss with replacement is anticipated The purpose of the kidney elevator is to: a. Increase the intercostal spaces b. Stabilize the patient c. Facilitate respiration of the dependent lung d. Increase the space between the lower rib and iliac crest - \d. Increase the space between the lower rib and iliac crest When storing information on the hard drive of a computer, what is clicked? a. Open b. Delete c. Save d. Enter - \c. save Which of the following is the proper method for handling disposable suction containers when turning over an OR? a. Empty contents in hopper and place in waste container b. Place container in waste disposal c. Wipe down outside of the container and place in biohazard bag for disposal d. Transport with instruments in case cart to decontamination room - \c. Wipe down outside of the container and place in biohazard bag for disposal Which of the following can cause lumbosacral strain in the lithotomy position? a. Stirrups not properly padded b. Arm boards placed beyond 90 degrees c. Safety strap is placed too tightly d. Buttocks extend past table break - \d. Buttocks extend past table break A midline xiphoid to pubis incision is commonly made for a/an: a. Abdominal aortic aneurysmectomy b. Transverse colectomy c. Nephrectomy d. Appendectomy - \a. Abdominal aortic aneurysmectomy Which item listed below should the surgical technologist confirm is available for a nerve repair? a. CUSA b. Nd: YAG laser c. Loupes d. Cryotherapy unit - \c. Loupes How often should biological testing of EtO sterilization be conducted? a. Every load b. Weekly c. Monthly d. Twice-a-week - \a. Every load Which of the following is a liquid chemical sterilant often used for sterilizing endoscopes with a cycle time of 30 minutes? a. Isopropyl alcohol b. Sodium hypochlorite c. Peracetic acid d. Glutaraldehyde - \c. Peracetic acid When should the first closing sponge, sharp and instrument count be completed? - \prior to closure of the body cavity Which of the following skin preps is contraindicated for use around eyes and ears because of potential for corneal abrasions and ototoxicity? - \Chlorhexidine A short-acting narcotic opioid given intramuscularly for preoperative sedation is: - \Meperidine The leg extensor muscle:rectus femurs, vastus laterals, vastgus medial is and the vast us intermedius are collectively called the; - \Quadriceps femoris Which of the following instruments is not a retractor used during a prostatectomy? - \Harrington What does the term - scope mean? - \viewing How many minutes should a Frazier suction tip be immediate-use sterilized (flash sterilized) in a gravity steam sterilizer? - \10 Which of the following preoperative procedures should be completed for the diabetic patient - \Antiembolic stockings placed on patient Induced hypothermia is typically associated with which of the following surgical specialities? - \Cardiothoracic What block involved medication being injected into the subarachnoid space? - \spinal Which of the following conditions might require use of a Silastic urethral catheter? - \latex allergy A patient received preoperative instructions to remove nail polish to: - \Prevent pulse oximeter malfunction How often should the steam sterilizing machine's strainer be cleaned? - \daily What is the smallest microorganism that requires a host cell for replication? - \virus Which surgeon might provide the operative exposure for the neurosurgeon in a transphenoidal approach to the sell turcica? - \Otorhinolaryngologist An intraoperative mutagenic and carcinogenic hazard of laser use is: - \Laser plume What type of solution is recommended for cleaning the OR floors during room turnover? - \Detergent-disinfection Which of the following is used to remove resected prostatic tissue during a TURP? - Which of the following factors is used to determine the inflation pressure of a tourniquet? - \patients age Which of the following describes the time from incision to the dressing application? - \Intraoperative At the end of a procedure, and after the patient has been transported out of the OR, the surgical tech should remove the: - \gown The instrument shown below is used during a/an - \thyroidectomy What is considered the operative stage of anesthesia? - \third When performing the surgical scrub, the hands and arms are considered: - \surgically clean Which of the following is an obstetric complication resulting from overstimulation of the clotting processes? - \disseminated intravascular coagulation What does the term symbiosis mean? - \Relationship between unlike species of organisms which of the following statements is true concerning cleaning OR walls between surgical procedures? - \clean areas of wall splashed with blood or debris Which anatomical structure is removed during a total hip arthroplasty? - \femoral head What controls the arrow on your monitor? - \Mouse Wound dressings should be opened: - \After the last count is completed. A stent may be placed to identify the ureter during which of the following procedures? - \right colectomy A rapid-onset muscle relaxant used for intubation is: - \Anectine A general consent form authorizes: - \routine medical treatment During which Step of an abdominal hysterectomy would the instrument shown below be used? - \Make last cut to free the uterus Which of the following must be completed preoperatively if a patient underwent a barium study of the day of surgery? - \Enema which of the following sutures is contraindicated in the presence of infection? - \Silk When the surgical technologist is breaking down the back table, instruments with ratchets should be: - \Placed in a basin with enzymatic solution in open position for transport to decontamination The cup-like extensions of the renal pelvis that collect urine from the pyramids are: - \Calyces Which of the following is a type of one-layer dressing? - \steri-strips Braided nonabsorbable sutures should not be used in infected wounds because suture crevices: - \Can harbor bacteria that travel length of suture What postoperative complication can result from excess or prolonged planter flexion? - \Foot drop What immediate postoperative complication most often occurs with pediatric patients? - \airway difficulty Another name for a corneal transplant procedure is: - \keratoplasty Fertilization normally occurs in the: - \Fallopian tube What is the name of the instrument show below? - \Kocher The inner layer of an artery is the: - \Intima Which laser can be used on light and dark tissues? - \Carbon dioxide Which implant is used for individuals with sensorineural deafness? - \cochlear implant Splenectomy places the patient at an increased risk for: - \Infection In the presence of infection, the absorption rate of surgical gut is: - \Increased Dark blood in the sterile field could indicate? - \Hypoxia Which instrument will the surgeon use to free the entrapped orbital fat during repair of an orbital floor fracture? - \Freer A urinary tract infection, following a cystoscopy, is an example of what type of infection? - \healthcare-acquired infection Which of the following is a type of meniscal tear? - \bucket handle Which surgical procedure may require a suprabubic catheter to drain the urinary bladder? - \Prostatectomy Which one of these microorganisms is least likely to be associated with wound infections? - \Treponema Pallidum (normally associated with syphilis) Liquid agents used to reduce microorganisms on the patient's skin. - \antiseptics Which closed wound drainage requires being connected to a bulb evacuator? - \Jackson-pratt What term refers to items remaining indefinitely until the wrapper is compromised? - \event-related sterility Which of the following veins would be harvested during a CABG? - \Saphenous 5. Which of the following arises from the left ventricle of the heart? a. Ascending aorta b. Pulmonary vein c. Descending aorta d. Pulmonary artery - \Ascending aorta 6. What method is used to confirm that items have been exposed to the sterilization process but sterility is not guaranteed? a. Mechanical b. Biological c. Chemical d. Bowie-dick - \Chemical 7. Why would the hair of a patient undergoing craniotomy be bagged labeled and saved? a. To donate to cancer patients b. In case of need for future genetic testing c. It is patient property d. Prevent post-op surgical site infection - \It is patient property 8. When preparing a double basin for sterilization the: a. Basins should be separated by a porous absorbent towel b. Sponges should be placed in the top basin c. Wrapped package should be laid flat on the shelf of the sterilizing cart d. Bottom basin should contain a residual of distilled water - \Basins should be separated by a porous absorbent towel 9. Which structure during a total hip arhtroplasty, requires intramedullary reaming prior to placement of a prosthesis? a. Femoral canal b. Tibial plateau c. Acetabular fossa d. Greater trochanter - \Femoral canal 10. Which of the following is the least restrictive form of credentialing? a. Certification b. Licensure c. Registration d. Accreditation - \Registration 11. What drug classification is Demerol? a. Dilator b. Analgesic c. Sedative d. Vasoconstrictor - \Analgesic 12. What should be transported to the PACU with a patient who underwent a thyroidectomy? a. Tracheotomy tray b. Clean stent dressing c. Extra penrose drain d. Antiembolic stockings - \Tracheotomy tray 13. What is the chemical abbreviation for sodium chloride? a. Fe b. Hg c. NaCl d. H20 - \NaCl 14. Which organelle is responsible for packaging of proteins? a. Golgi complex b. Mitochondria c. Nucleus d. Robosome - \Golgi complex 16. What types of treatment does a patient authorize when signing a general consent form? a. Only for receiving general anesthesia b. Invasive surgical procedures c. Receiving experimental drugs d. All routine treatments or procedures - \All routine treatments or procedures 17. Which medication can be used as a topical jelly during cystoscopy procedures? a. Bupivacaine b. Xylocaine c. Sensorcaine d. Procaine - \Xylocaine 18. Which of the following is a primary postoperative complication of a carotid endarterectomy? a. Failure of graft b. Pulmonary embolus c. Penumonia d. Stroke - \Stroke 20. When is it acceptable to open surgical dressing sponges? a. After first count b. After skin incision c. After final count d. After closure of cavity - \After final count 21. What is the correct procedure to follow when a sterilized rigid instrument container is opened and condensation is observed? a. Don't use; return to sterile processing department b. Let container air dry before use c. Dry out with a sterile towl before using d. Use it; water droplets are sterile - \Don't use; return to sterile processing department 22. Which method od sterilization requires an aeration cycle? a. Ionizing radiation b. EtO c. Peracetic acid d. Hydrogen peroxide plasma - \EtO 23. Elevated IOP in a glaucoma patient is a result of excess: a. Vitreous humor b. Aqueous humor c. CSF d. RBC - \Aqueous humor 24. Where should the grounding pad be placed on a patient undergoing a laparoscopic cholecystectomy who has a right hip prosthesis? a. Left anterior thigh b. Right posterior thigh c. Lower back d. Upper abdomen - \Left anterior thigh 26. The trendelenburg position is often used for surgery on the: a. Head and neck b. Lower abdomen and pelvis c. Lower back and hips d. Knee or thigh - \Lower abdomen and pelvis 27. The large artery that arises from the left side of the aortic arch and descends into the arm is the: a. Brachiocephalic b. Coronary c. Subclavian d. Axillary - \Subclavian 28. Lesions in which part of the brain may affect balance and coordination? a. Limbic system b. Cerebral cortex c. Cerebellum d. Medula - \Cerebellum 29. Which of the following utilizes the process of cavitation? a. Washer-sterilizer b. Ultrasonic cleaner c. Washer decontaiminator d. Steam sterilizer - \Ultrasonic cleaner 30. Which of the following is the name for a dorsally angulated fracture of the distal radius? a. Smith's b. Pott's c. Collie's d. Bennett's - \Collie's 32. Which ligament is transected during surgery for De Quervain's disease? a. Dorsal carpal b. Adductor pollicis c. Trasnsverse carpal d. Extensor retinaculum - \Dorsal carpal 33. In order to minmize mucosal irritation during urinary catheterization the tip of the catheter is dipped in which of the following? a. Vaseline b. K-Y jelly c. Chlorhexidine d. Sterile saline - \K-Y jelly 34. How often is a medication prescribed as QID to be taken per day? a. 4 times b. 2 times c. 3 times d. 1 time - \4 times 35. What type of external dresing would be used to eliminate dead space? a. Immobilizing b. Bulky c. Packing d. Pressure - \Pressure 36. In the prone position patients are placed on chest rolls to prevent: a. Decubitis ulcers b. Lumbar strain c. Compromised ventilation d. Foot drop - \Compromised ventilation 37. Which of the following positions would be used for an LAVH? a. Lateral b. Prone c. Sitting d. Lithotomy - \Lithotomy 38. A left subcostal incision would be used to expose the: a. Descending colon b. Spleen c. Ovary d. Gallbladder - \Spleen 39. Intraoperatively lidocain with epinephrine may be contraindicated in patients who are: a. Immunocompromised b. Hypertensive c. Dehydrated d. Diabetic - \Hypertensive 40. What approach is used for the removal of a small acoustic neuroma that is located in the auditory canal? a. Suboccipital b. Middle fossa c. Translabryinthine d. Posterior fossa - with gown cuff; surgical technologist regloves using closed technique c. Circulator pulls off glove; surgical technologist is regloved by another sterile team member d. Surgical technologist pulls off glove; regloves using open technique - \Circulator pulls off glove; surgical technologist is regloved by another sterile team member 62. What type of suture technique is used to invert the stump of the appendix during an appendectomy? a. Purse-string b. Continuous c. Horizontal d. Interrupted - \Purse-string 63. Which of the following is the proper procedure for removing a laparotomy drape? a. Circulator holds dressing in place and removes drape b. ST holds dressing in place; rolls drape one side to the other c. Circulator holds dressing in place; ST rolls drape head to feet d. Surgical technologist (ST) holds dressing in place; rolls drape head to feet - \Surgical technologist (ST) holds dressing in place; rolls drape head to feet 64. Gerota's fascia is located: a. Around the kidney b. Within the kidney c. Within the bladder d. Around the bladder - \Around the kidney 65. What activity can aggravate the symptoms of trigeminal neuralgia? a. Typing b. Walking c. Chewing d. Sitting - \Chewing 66. What is the purpose of maintaining 20% to 60% relative humidity in the OR? a. Eliminate microbial count b. Provide comfortable environment c. Decrease static electricity d. Reduce room temperature - \Decrease static electricity 67. What surgical instrument is used to thread the drilled hold for the screw during an ORIF? a. Tap b. Depth gauge c. Osteotome d. Drill bit - \Tap 68. Which of the following pathology would be treated by transphenoidal hypophysectomy procedure? a. Pituitary neoplasm b. Trigeminal neuralgia c. Carotid stenosis d. Communicating hydrocephalus - \Pituitary neoplasm 69. The muscle that causes strabismus is the: a. Orbicularis oculli b. Ciliary c. Oblique d. Medial rectus - \Medial rectus 70. What is the minimum required number of people to transfer a patient from the OR table to the stretcher? a. 6 b. 5 c. 4 d. 3 - \4 71. When used as a skin prep which of the following should be allowed to thoroughly dry if electrocautery will be used? a. Aqueous solutions b. Hexacholorophene c. Alcohol and tinctures d. Iodophor solutions - \Alcohol and tinctures 72. Healthcare-acquired infections (HAI) are most commonly associated with which of the following? a. Prolonged bed rest b. Use of urinary catheters c. Surgical site contamination d. Prescribed antibiotic therapy - \Use of urinary catheters 73. What is the technical term for robotic arms? a. Manipulator b. Telechir c. Articulated d. Resolution - \Manipulator 74. In which of the following procedures would the surgeon check for anastomotic leaks by injecting air into the recum looking for bubble in the fluid filled peritonal cavity? a. Low anterior resection b. Nissen fundoplication c. Subtotal gastrectomy d. Roux-en-Y anastomosis - \Low anterior resection 75. What are varicosities of the rectum and anus? a. Hemorrhoids b. Polyps c. Fissures d. Sinuses - \Hemorrhoids 76. Vitamins A D, E and K are absorbed in the: a. Stomach b. Intestine c. Pancreas d. Liver - \Intestine 77. The preoperative exsanguination of an extremity prior to inflating a tourniquet is accomplished with: a. Webril b. Green towel c. Esmarch d. Kling - \Esmarch 78. Which of the following vessels is harvested for us during a CABG? a. Azygous vein b. Internal mamary artery c. Politeal vein d. Left axillary artery - \Internal mamary artery 79. Which of the following retractors would be used to retract the muscles during a hip pinning? a. Harrington b. Charnley c. Bennett d. Richardson - \Bennett 80. The surgical reanastomosis of the vas deferens is called a: a. Vasovasostomy b. Spermatocelectomy c. Cystostomy d. Varicocelectomy - \Vasovasostomy 81. Which type of laser is used to remove polymethyl methacrylate from a cemented joint implant during a revision arthroplasty? a. Excimer b. Argon c. Carbon dioxide d. Ho:YAG - \Carbon dioxide 82. Sound waves travel through the external auditory canal and strike the: a. Tympanic membrane b. Auricle c. Oval window d. Ossicle - \ympanic membrane 83. In large abdominal wounds that require frequent dressing changes which of the following will minimize the skin break-down? a. Steri-strips b. Petrolatum gauze c. Liquid collodion d. Montgomery straps - \Montgomery straps 84. Which of the following positioning devices would be used for an LAVH? a. Padded footboard b. Mayfield headrest c. Allen stirrups d. Kidney brace - \Allen stirrups 85. The term mentoplasty refers to surgery of the: a. Lip b. Eyelid c. Palate d. Chin - \Chin 86. Which of the following situations could cause a patient's signature ona surgical informed consent to be challenged in court? a. Patient is of legal age b. Patient advised of alternative treaments c. Patient is emancipated minor d. Patient received preoperative medications - \Patient received preoperative medications 87. What is the importance of humidity when using EtO sterilization? a. Remove chlorofluorocarbons b. Hydrate spores and bacteria c. Reduce flammability of gas d. Prevent instruments from drying - \Hydrate spores and bacteria 88. What is the purpose of polymethyl methacrylate during a cranioplasty? a. Reducing vascular spasm b. Filling cranial defects c. Adhesive skin closure d. Subarachnoid space dye - \Filling cranial defects 89. The appropriate location when placing the grounding pad is over a a. Keloid scar b. Bony prominence c. Metal prosthesis d. Flesh area - \Flesh area 90. Which catheter is used for an angioplasty? a. Gruntzig b. Robinson c. Fogarty d. Swan-ganz - \Fogarty 113. What surgical procedure is performed to relieve pressure on the median nerve? a. Endoscopic carpal tunnel release b. Ulnar nerve transposition c. Metacarpophalangeal join repalcement d. External fixation of radius - \Endoscopic carpal tunnel release 114. What is the proper procedure for turning the sterile gown? a. Circulator removes tag from gown: surgical technologist turns b. Hand tag to circulator; surgical technologist and circulator turn c. Hand tag to circulator; circulator moves around the gown d. Surgical technologist holds tag and turns self - \Hand tag to circulator; circulator moves around the gown 115. What does the term "os" mean? a. Bone b. Opening c. Occlusion d. Right - \Opening 116. Which of the following is not a function of the trachea? a. Carry air to and from the lungs b. Amplify speech c. Filter secretions and particulates d. Humidify inspired air - \Amplify speech 117. Which condition is characterized by the sudden onset of floating spots before the eyes? a. Scleral tumor b. Retinal detachment c. Vitreous hemorrhage d. Epiretinal membrane - \Retinal detachment 118. One of the most effective germicidals for cold sterilzation is: a. 2% glutaraldehyde b. Alcohol c. Hexachlorophene d. Betadine - \2% glutaraldehyde 119. From which laminectomy instrument would invertebral disc fragments be cleaned? a. Penfield b. Lagenbeck c. Pituitary d. Taylor - \Pituitary 120. What type of suture is used for vascular reanastomosis? a. Absorbable multifilament b. Nonabsorbable monofilament c. Nonabsorbable multifilament d. Absorbable monofilament - \Nonabsorbable monofilament 122. What molecule is broken down when the body cells require energy? a. ATP b. RNA c. DNA d. ADP - \ATP 123. Which of the following represents a saddle joint? a. Radius and carpals b. Thumb and trapezium c. Femur and hip d. Ulna and radius - \Thumb and trapezium 124. During an EtO sterilization cycle humidity is maintained at: a. 50-90% b. 80-100% c. 20-80% d. 10-25% - \20-80% 125. An emergency drug given to stabilize ventricular fibrillation is: a. Anectine b. Isoproterenol c. Vasopressin d. Nitroglycerine - \Isoproterenol 126. Creating a positive-pressure air supply for each OR will: a. Prevent fires during laser surgery b. Maintain a stable relative humidity c. Minimize airborne bacteria entering room d. Reduce external noise and conversations - \Minimize airborne bacteria entering room 127. Which is an acceptable antiseptic solution for a skin prep? a. Povidon-iodine b. Lugol's solution c. Hydrogen peroxide d. Activated glutaraldehyde - \Povidon-iodine 128. During a total hip arthroplasty which instrument is used after intramedullary reaming to reshape the proximal femoral canal? a. Rongeur b. Curette c. Brush d. Rasp - \Rasp 129. Which of the following assesses the electrical activity of the nervous system? a. Spirometry b. Electroencephalogram c. Peripheral nerve stimulator d. Electrocardiogram - \Electroencephalogram 130. The functional unit of the kidney responsibel for removing waste and regulating fluid is the: a. Cortex b. Renal pelvis c. Medullla d. Nephron - \Nephron 131. Which of the following is an intermediate-level disinfectant? a. Isopropyl alcohol b. Glutaraldehyde c. Paracetic acid d. Hydrogen peroxide - \Isopropyl alcohol 132. Which vein of an infant patient is a central venous catheter inserted? a. Internal jugular b. Saphenous c. subclavian d. External jugular - \External jugular 133. After the patient leaves the OR the reusable items should be taken to the decontamination room: a. By covering instrument tray with bag and carry b. Carried in a basin soaking in enzymatic solution c. On the shelf of the sterilization cartd. Inside a closed case cart - \Inside a closed case cart 134. A clamp used for occluding a peripheral vessel is: a. Duval b. Allen c. Kocher d. Debakey - \Debakey 135. During a total hip arthroplasty which type of device prevents polymethyl methacrylate from filling the medullary canal distal to the prosthesis? a. Stem b. Restrictor c. Brush d. Wick - \Restrictor 136. Which of the following is proper technique when applying a grounding pad? a. Avoid placing pad on buttocks b. Apply pad before patient is positioned c. Apply gel to pad d. Reuse pad that is repositioned - \Avoid placing pad on buttocks 137. Which of the following sutures are packaged in alcohol to maintain pliability? a. Synthetic absorbable b. Natural absorbable c. Synthetic non-absorbabled. Natural non- abosrbable - \Natural absorbable 138. What procedure should be followed for securing consent for surgery for an unconscious patient requiring emergency surgery whose family members or guardian cannot be contacted? a. Chief of surgery waives consent b. Surgeon and risk manager sign consent c. Two consulting physicians agree d. Obtain telephone court order - \Two consulting physicians agree 139. What gynecologic procedure includes removal of the reproductive organs bladder and rectum? a. Posterior colporrhaphy b. Total hysterectomy c. Abdominoperineal resection d. Pelvic exenteration - \Pelvic exenteration 140. Isopropyl alcohol is bactericidal which means it: a. Inhibits the growth of bacteria b. Sterilizes surfaces c. Destroys spores d. Kill bacteria - \Kill bacteria 141. Use of a one-step applicator with little or no pressure on skin would be indicated in which of the following conditions? a. Plueral effusion b. Herniated lumbar disc c. Abdominal aortic aneurysm d. Cholecystitis with cholelithiasis - \Abdominal aortic aneurysm 142. A postoperative anesthesia complication when extubating a patient is: a. Allergic reaction b. Laryngospasm c. Hemorrhaged. Malignant hyper thermia - \Laryngospasm 143. The process by which glucose is stored as glycogen is: a. Glucolysis b. Glycolysis c. Glycogenesis d. Gluconeogenesis - \Glycogenesis 144. The lasrge leaf-shaped laryngeal cartilage that acts as a "trap door" over the larynx is the: a. Thyroid b. Cricoid c. Oropharynx d. Epiglottis - \4 minutes 165. A patient that has sudden onset of shortness of breath in the PACU may indicate: a. Hypotension b. Pulomary embolism c. Air embolism d. Asthma attack - \Pulomary embolism 166. Which of the following suturse is a nonabsorbable monofilament frequently used in vascular procedures? a. Polypropylene b. Polydiaxonone c. Poliglecaprone 25 d. Polyglactin 910 - \Polypropylene 167. Which of the following defines anaerobic? a. Without nitrogen b. Without oxygen c. With nitrogen d. With oxygen - \Without oxygen 168. Which nerve in the lower leg must be protected from pressure when placing the patient in the lithotomy position? a. Lateral plantar b. Biceps femoris c. Ulnar d. Peroneal - \Peroneal 169. Exophthalmos due to grave's disease is associated with which gland? a. Parotid b. Thyroid c. Pituitary d. Thymus - \Thyroid 170. Where should the Foley indwelling catheter drainage bag be positioned after insertion of the catheter? a. Above the level of the bladder b. Level of the bladder c. Lower than the level of the bladder d. Position not important - \Lower than the level of the bladder 171. The sutures of the adult skull are examples of of: a. Synathrosis b. Synchondrosis c. Amphiarthrosis d. Diarthrosis - \Synathrosis 172. A ventilation system that provides a unidirectional positive-pressure air flow at a high air exchange rate in the OR is: a. Central air b. Filtered air conditioning c. conventional air system d. Laminar air flow - \Laminar air flow 173. Catabolism of fats prodcues: a. Ketone bodies b. Glycogen c. Amino acids d. Bile - \Ketone bodies 174. What is the principal reason for performing a preoperative skin prep? a. Provide a visible demarcation of prepped borders b. Degrease the skin so that incise drapes will adhere c. Sterilize the skin to prevent surgical site infection d. Remove transient flora and reduce resident flora - \Remove transient flora and reduce resident flora 175. What is the part of the brain that is responsible for controlling the body temperature? a. Cerebellum b. Pons c. Cerebrum d. hypothalamus - \hypothalamus Which cranial nerve is affected by trigeminal neuralgia? - \V (Five) What is used to lubricate the donor site and reduce friction from the dermatome? - \Mineral oil Which of the following is an example of proper sterile technique when performing the prep for a split thickness skin graft? - \Donor site first What is the recommended range of intra-abdominal pressure in an adult patient when using an insufflator during a laparoscopic procedure? - \12-15mm Hg Which of these terms refers to the inability to direct both eyes at the same object? - \Strabismus What procedure is performed to correct chronic cerebral ischemia? - \Endarterectomy According to the Rule of Nines, what percentage is assigned to the front and back of the trunk? - \18% Which term refers to an abnormal increase in the number of cells? - \Hyperplasia A second intention wound heals by: - \Granulation Intraoperative ventricular arrhythmias are treated with: - \Lidocaine How many millileters equal two (2) ounces? - \60 Covering a sterile back table for later use is: - \Not permissible under any circumstances In which position would a patient be placed to counteract hypovolemia? - \Trendelenburg Which of the following types of suture create the least tissue trauma and drag? - \Swaged monofilament Which organization has legal oversight for the safety of healthcare providers in the work place? - \OSHA Which level of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs is most applicable to the surgical patient? - \Physiological and survival Which of the following would be incorrect technique when removing the sterile gown and gloves? - \Gloves removed first What type of procedure might require a laparoscopy combination drape? - \Abdominoperineal resection Cell destruction by steam sterilization occurs by: - \Coagulation of protein which technique is not acceptable when draping? - \Unfold drape before bringing up to the OR table A patient's fingernail polish is removed to: - \Allow for use of pulse oximeter What is the purpose of maintaining the air exchange rate at 15-29 times per hour in the OR? - \Reduce microbial count How many mL of water is necessary to inflate a 5-mL balloon on the Foley indwelling catheter? - \10 mL In an opthalmologist orders trimming of eyelashes, how is safely performed? - \Fine scissors coated with water-soluble gel What is the correct technique for performing the surgical skin prep? - \Incision site to periphery using circular motion The laboratory test that determines the ration of erythrocytes to whole blood is: - \Hematocrit What is the proper procedure to follow when a pack of sponges contains an incorrect number after the patient has entered the OR? - Which of the following is a method of bacterial survival when environmental conditions are not conductive to growth and viability? - \Spore formation What organ detects changes in the level of insulin and releases chemicals to regulate the level of blood glucose? - \Pancreas What does the term strike-through mean? - \Soaking of moisture from unsterile to sterile layers Which of the following monitoring devices would be used within a vessel? - \Swan Ganz When adding 30 mL of injectable saline to 30 mL of 0.5% Marcaine, what strength does the drug become? - \0.25% What action should be taken if the patient has withdrawn the surgical informed consent prior to surgery? - \Do not transport patient; inform surgeon Confining and containing instruments with bioburden prevents which of the following? - \Cross-contamination The unsterile size of the perimeter of a sterile wrap is: - \1 inch A substance that inhibits the growth and reproduction of microbes on living tissue is a/an: - \Antiseptic What action should be taken by the transporter if a discrepancy occurs in the identification of a patient in the nursing unit? - \Do not transport, inform unit supervisor and OR personnel A patient may be asked to shower at home with an antimicrobial soap before coming to the hospital for surgery to: - \Achieve a cumulative antimicrobial effect What are the sequential steps performed prior to entrance into the sterile field? - \Scrub, gown, glove Which area is prepped last when performing the skin prep for a Bartholin's cystectomy? - \Anus The sterile surgical technologist should drape a table from: - \Front to back Which of the following can be injured if the arm is placed on the arm board greater than 90 degrees? - \Brachial plexus What is the purpose of the third lumen in a three-way indwelling Foley catheter? - \Instill irrigation fluids Which of the following enlarges and illuminates the surgical field during cataract procedures? - \Operating microscope Small radiopaque surgical patties used during cranial procedures are: - \Cottonoids Which of the following hemostatic agents must be applied dry and only handled with dry gloves and instruments? - \Avitene Which surgical specialty would utilize a phacoemulsification machine? - \Opthalmology Which of the following lasers would be contraindicated for use in the posterior chamber of the eye? - \Carbon dioxide In which structure of the heart are the leads for a permanent pacemaker placed? - \Right ventricle For which of the following diagnoses would a patient require pacreaticojeunostomy? - \Alcoholic pancreatitis In which procedure would a Bookwalter retractor be used? - \Retropubic prostatectomy Which cranial nerve is severed as a last resort treatment of Meniere's disease? - \VIII (8 Eight) Brachytherapy is performed to treat: - \Cervical cancer Which procedure is performed to improve the vision of patients with myopia? - \Radial keratotomy The facial fracture that involves the complete separation of the maxilla from the cranial base is a/an: - \LeFort I What is the name of this retractor? - \Bennett Where is the incision for a Caldwell-Luc procedure made? - \Canine fossa The device used for real-time intraoperative assessment of blood flow is a/an: - \Doppler The needle holder shown below would be used during a: - \Craniotomy A chemical reaction that provides energy by the breakdown of food is: - \Catabolism Which structure of the ear is responsible for equilibrium? - \Semicircular canals The first step of urine production when fluids and dissolved substances are forced through a membrane by pressure is called: - \Glomerular filtration The adipose tissue overlying the symphysis is the: - \Mons pubis The cranial nerve that regulates secretion of gastric juice is the: - \X (10 Ten) Phagocytosis by the while blood cells is an example of which line of defense? - \Second When opening a sterile wrapper, the unsterile person should open the first corner: - \Away from self Which of the following is the least inert of the synthetic meshes? - \Polyester fiber What radiopaque contrast medium is used intraoperatively when the patient is allergic to iodine? - \Renograffin What type of specialty equipment uses liquid nitrogen and is often utilized to repair retinal detachments? - \Cryotherapy unit What is done to the umbilicus during the abdominal skin prep? - \Prepped separately with cotton applicators An axillary role is placed for lateral positioning to: - \Facilitate respiration Which nerve could be damaged by improperly padded stirrups? - \Peroneal Frozen sections are sent to pathology: - \Immediately without preservative Which of the following procedures would be performed with the patient in the lateral position? - \Nephrectomy Which heat-resistant, spore-forming Bacillus does the steam sterilization biological indicator contain? - \G. steaothermophilus The process by which blood cells are formed is known as: - \Hemopoiesis The pacemaker of the heart is/are the: - \SA node Thought processes take place in the: - \Cerebral cortex Kantrex, bacitracin or Ancef mixed with saline for irrigation would do which of the following? - \Inhibit surgical site infection Which of the following sterilizers operates with condition, exposure, exhaust and dry cycles? - \Gravity air displacement Preoperative bladder drainage prior to a D & C would be performed with which of the following catheters? - \14 Fr. Robinson In the OR, HEPA is a type of: - \Air filter What precaution is utilized to prevent cardiovascular complications when positioning an anesthetized patient? - \Move patient slowly Why is the orientation of the vein graft reversed during a CABG? - \Presence of valves Which of the following neurosurgical retractors is handheld? - \Cushing Which of the followingincisions may be used for the repair of a zygomatic fracture? - \Below lower eyelid The principal male hormone produced in the testes is: - \Prolactin All of the following statements are true for paper-plastic peel packs, except: - \Staples are an acceptable method of closing peel packs Following a TURP, a patient may have which of the following placed for bladder irrigation and compression? - \3-way Foley Which of the following is a correct statement when using the closed-gloving technique? - \Hand must not extend beyond cuffs What drainage device is preferred for a radical neck dissection? - \Jackson-Pratt Which arteries are formed by the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta? - \Iliac The basic unit of the nervous system is the: - \Neuron The correct sterilization times required to render specific items sterile are initially established by the: - \Equipment manufacturer What procedure involves a series of treatments that result in permanent placement of prosthetic teeth? - \Dental implants In addition to temperature, time and moisture, what other factor determines the outcome of the steam sterilization process? - \Pressure The inner lining of the uterus is the: - \Endometrium Which of the following sterilization processes is most economical? - \Steam The basic, living structural and functional unit of the body is known as the: - \Cell The roof of the mouth is formed by the: - \Hard and soft palates In what position would a patient be placed following a tonsillectomy? - \Lateral What classification of drug reduces tissue inflammation? - \Steroids What is the result of adding epinephrine to a local anesthetic? - \Prolong anesthetic effect Which of the following is not a type of sterilizing agent? - \Boiling water A diagnostic procedure performed for patients with possible prostatic cancer is known as a: - \Needle biopsy How many hours is the steam biological indicator incubated? - \24 What agent is used to flush the harvested saphenous vein during a CABG? - \Heparinized saline In which of the following cases might the surgeon use a Gigli saw? - \Craniotomy Low level disinfectants kill most microbes, but typically do not destroy: - \Spores What is the name of the instrument shown below? - \Pennington Which of the following damages the mastoid air cells and ossicles of the ear? - \Cholesteatoma When placing a swaged needle onto a needle holder, the needle should be clamped: - \One-third distance from swaged end of needle Which endoscope is used for the removal of foreign bodies from the airway of a pediatric patient? - \Rigid bronchoscope Which of the following elements primarily make up the body's mass? - \Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen Which instrument is used to contract the ribs for suturing purposes? - \Bailey The largest muscle of the upper calf is the: - \Gastrocnemius What is the length of time when thrombin loses its potency? - \3 hours The function of the small intestine is: - \Absorption of nutrients The teeth are composed primarily of: - \Dentin The basis for the design of electrical equipment in the OR is: - \Electron theory Which of the following procedures is performed to decrease gastric secretions? - \Vagotomy A patient who underwent an appendectomy enters the emergency department with severe abdominal pain, constipation and vomiting. Which of the following is occurring? - \Obstructed bowel Which organ shares the same blood supply with the pancreas and must be removed during a Whipple procedure? - \Duodenum During a cleft palate procedure, which equipment should the surgical technologist be prepared to set up quickly? - \Drill The muscle that flexes and supinates the forearm and covers the anterior portion of the upper arm is the: - \Biceps brachii A surgeon tells a patient she has terminal cancer but requires prophylactic surgery to prevent a bowel obstruction and the patient replies, "This can't be happening to me." Which stage of grief is the patient displaying? - \Denial What is the purpose of inserting a ureteral stent catheter? - \Bypass calculi obstruction Which of the following is used to create the trough on the anterior glenoid rim during a Bankart procedure? - \Shaver with abrader tip Which of the following secretes hydrochloric acid? - \Parietal cells Which of the following preoperative diagnostic tests would be administered to a patient with a brain injury? - \EEG Which of the following is a type of fenestrated drape? - \Extremity The walls of the vagina are lined with: - \Mucosa Which type of scalpel uses ultrasonic energy to cut and coagulate tissue? - \Harmonic A Fogarty catheter is used during a/an: - \Embolectomy Which of the following positioning devices is needed when placing the patient in the supine position? - \Elbow pads During a trabeculectomy, which two layers are incised at the beginning of the procedure? - \Conjunctiva; Tenon's capsule What instrument set should the surgical technologist have available in the OR when preparing for an inguinal herniorraphy? - \Bowel Which of the following is used to obtain specimens during a bronchoscopy? - \Lukens tube Which suture material would be used in the presence of infection? - \Steel Which surgical procedure uses the instrument shown below? - \Blepharoplasty Which surgical specialty most often uses the instrument shown below? - \Gynecologic Which of the following hernias can result in necrosis of the viscera? - \Strangulated When the surgeon makes a McBurney's incision, which muscle is encountered first and divided in he direction of its fibers? - \External oblique Which of the following maintains the position of the uterus? - \Broad ligament Transverse colectomy is incised through which incision? - \Upper midline Which kind of uterine tissue can grow in abnormal locations including the ovaries, pelvic peritoneum and small intestine? - \Endometrial Which preoperative diagnostic exam is quickly completed to confirm ectopic pregnancy? - \Ultrasound How would you position a patient with an intertrochanteric fracture? - \Supine What position allows optimal exposure of the retroperitoneal area of the flank? - \Lateral Which of the following is the correct sequence of instruments for placing a screw into bone? - Suture material that becomes encapsulated by fibrous tissue during the healing stage is: - \Non-absorbable If a mentoplasty is being performed, the surgical technologist should confirm a prosthesis is available for the: - \Chin Which of the following means cell "eating"? - \Phagocytosis Which nerve could be damaged when the patient is placed in Fowler's position? - \Sciatic What is the correct order for donning OR attire? - \Hair cover, Scrub suit, Mask, Shoe covers The cranial nerve responsible for hearing and balance is the: - \VIII Which of the following is not a a hemostatic agent used in orthopedic surgery? - \Xeroform Which of the following is responsible for disseminated intravascular coagulation? - \Endotoxin The copper wire in the electrosurgical unit that allows the flow of free electrons is called the: - \Conductor At the end of a procedure, the surgeon asks for the local anesthetic to inject intra- articular. Where is the surgeon injecting the local drug? - \Within joint Which preoperative diagnostic test is useful in diabetic patients with small vessel arterial disease? - \Plethysmography Which of the following is the most effective method for sterilizing items that can be damaged by steam sterilization? - \Ethylene oxide The mandible articulates with which bone? - \Temporal What could result from crossing the patient's arms across his/her chest in the supine position? - \Interference with respiration Which of the following is incorrect when preparing a paper-plastic peel pack? - \Instruments are held together with autoclave tape within the peel pack Which of the following degrees in Celsius equals 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit - \37 When the surgical technologist is preparing surgical instruments for transport to the decontamination room, which statement is incorrect? - \Instruments with multiple parts should be assembled If a short bone is being removed from the wrist due to arthritis, what is being removed? - \Carpal Which of the following heals by contraction, granulation and connective tissue? - \Delayed closure Before transporting instruments to the decontamination room, what should the surgical technologist complete? - \Presoak instruments in detergent solution Which solution is best for presoaking instruments in the OR at the end of a procedure? - \Enzyme A mesh that is contraindicated in the presence of infection is: - \PTFE Which of the following provides additional protection to prevent contamination of a sterile package? - \Dust cover The stripes on a team chemical indicators change to what color upon exposure to sterilization parameters? - \Black For which fracture is the instrument shown below best used? - \Radius During a kidney transplant, the renal vein of the donor kidney is anastomosed to the: - \External iliac vein Which procedure corrects testicular torsion? - \Orchiopexy Which instrument is used to incise the tympanic membrane? - \Myringotomy knife An example of a nonadherent inner layer dressing is: - \Xeroform To prevent a cerebral aneurysm from rupturing, the surgeon will: - \Apply a specially designed clip at base of aneurysm The opthalmologist tells the surgical technologist to place 2 drops atropine sulfate OU. What does this mean? - \Both eyes dilated If a patient requests to see a member of the clergy upon arrival to preoperative holding: - \Call for a clergy person before the anesthesia is administered If cultures cannot be immediately transported from the surgery department to pathology, they should be: - \Placed in a refrigerator In terms of transmitting an infection, what is a fomite? - \Inanimate object When positioning the patient for a cesarean section, where is the bolster placed and why? - \Right side; relieve pressure on vena cava The conducting fibers that extend from the AV node to the interventricular septum form the: - \Bundle of His Items that are impenetrable to X-rays are described as: - \Raiopaque During surgical rotation, the skills of a surgical technology student may be evaluated by the: - \Surgical technologist preceptor During a TRAM procedure, which is used to identify and preserve the superior epigastric arteries? - \Doppler Which of the following should be accomplished when preparing an Esmarch bandage for sterilization? - When a surgeon is using a Kocher subcostal incision, which muscle is divide by electrosurgery? - \Rectus abdominis What are the boundaries of the skin prep for a total hip arthroplasty? - \Level of umbilicus to foot Which of the following are abdominal skin prep perimeters for an exploratory laparotomy? - \Nipple line to midthigh Which of the following is the main reason for wearing the OR attire? - \Limit spread of microbes Which of the following substances are absorbed in the stomach? - \Alcohol A laparotomy drape is placed on the left side inguinal area of the patient, but should have been placed on the right side. What should be done to correct the error? - \Remove drape and place new drape on right side Which stapling device would be used during an esophagectomy to divide the esophagus? - \TA Movement disorder diseases caused by radiation therapy are characterized by destruction of the: - \Myelin sheath During which procedure would a Gigli saw possibly be used? - \Craniotomy A surgeon indicates that she may place a shunt during a carotid endarterectomy. What should the surgical technologist have available in the OR? - \Javid What is the best synthetic substitute for stainless steel? - \Polypropylene Which of the following microorganisms is used within the biological indicator for ethylene oxide sterilization? - \Bacillus atrophaeus What does the suffix -itis mean? - \Inflammation To prevent peel pack pouches from opening during sterilization, the surgical technologist should: - \Force out air from pouch Retention bridges are used to: - \Prevent heavy sutures from cutting into the skin During a CABG procedure, the saphenous vein is sutured to the: - \Coronary artery Which of the following would be used to remove the lamina during a laminectomy? - \Kerrison rongeur What category of instruments are a Hibbs and Hohmann? - \Retractors Which drain should the surgical technologist have available for insertion into the common bile duct during an exploration? - \T-tube A padded footboard is used in which surgical position? - \Reverse Trendelenburg The inner lining of the gastrointestinal tract is composed of which type of tissue? - \Epithelial Which of the following statements is incorrect when double peel packing an item(s) for sterilization? - \Inner peel pack is folded If a surgeon performs a surgical procedure without the patient having signed the consent form, the surgeon can be charged with: - \Battery Spores are a: - \Form assumed by bacilli Which of the following applies to a patient who suffers a burn due to improper placement of the patient return electrode? - \Unintentional tort Which graft material does not require pre-clotting for placement during an abdominal aortic anerysmectomy? - \PTFE Which of the following structures is located in the alveolar processes? - \Teeth Which of the following is the wound classification for a bronchoscopy? - \Clean - Contaminated The enzyme used to soften the zonules of the lens before cataract surgery is: - \Alpha-chymotrypsin How should the stretcher be oriented when necessary to use an elevator to transport a patient to the OR? - \Enter head first, exit feet first Which of the following is a curved, transverse incision across the lower abdomen frequently used in gynecological surgery? - \Pfannenstiel When perforated metal trays are placed on the shelves of the steam sterilizing cart, they should be positioned: - \Flat Hyperkalemia is a high concentration of: - \Potassium Which of the following tissues are cut using curved Mayo scissors? - \Fascia Which laser beam can travel through clear tissues without heating them? - \Argon Permission for treatment given with full knowledge of the risks is a/an: - \Informed consent Which portion of the stomach surrounds the lower esophageal sphincter? - \Cardia Low level disinfectants kill most microbes, but do not destroy: - \Spores Syndactyly refers to: - \Webbed fingers The surgical pack utilized to create the sterile field should be opened on the: - \Back table The islets of Langerhans secrete: - \Insulin Which of the following is an abnormal tract between two epithelium-lined surfaces that is open at both ends? - \Fistula What is the action of antagonist drugs? - \Counteract the action of another drug Which of the following directional terms describes the type of skin prep of an entire extremity? - \Circumferential What organs are excised if an ovarian tumor is malignant? - \Bilateral fallopian tubes and ovaries, uterus Which term refers to an abnormal thoracic curve of the spine referred to as "hunchback"? - \Kyphosis What is the medical term for a bunion? - \Hallux valgus What incision is also known as a lower oblique? - \Inguinal The small intestine attaches to the posterior abdominal wall by the: - \Mesentery What is the term for a relationship in which two organisms occupy the same area and one organism benefits while the other is unharmed? - \Commensalism A topical steroid used to reduce inflammation after eye surgery is: - \Depo-Medrol How is the surgical informed consent signed if an adult patient is illiterate? - \Patient marks with an "X" and witness verifies What direction should the stretcher be oriented when transporting a patient to the OR department? - \Feet first, side rails up Which of the following routine preoperative laboratory studies would be ordered for premenopausal women with no history of hysterectomy? - \HCG Which portion of the surgical gown is considered non-sterile? - \Upper arms, neckline and axillary region What is the name of the urinary catheter with a small, curved tapered tip used on patients with urethral strictures? - \Coude What is the surgical position commonly used for thyroid and gallbladder surgery? - \Reverse Trendelenburg A congenital defect in which the fetal blood vessel between the pulmonary artery and aorta does not close is: - \Patent ductus arteriosus Which of the following is a commonly used preservative for tissue specimens? - \Formalin What is the first step taken for an incorrect sponge count? - \Notify surgeon The mumps may be diagnosed by finding inflammation in which of the following glands? - \Parotid What institutional document is completed when an adverse or unusual event takes place in the OR that may have legal consequences for the staff or patient? - \Incident report For which procedure would Trendelenburg position provide optimal visualization? - \Hysterectomy Which of the following is a non adherent dressing? - \Adaptic Which of the following is a fenestrated drape? - \Aperture Which of the following terms describes a hernia that occurs within Hesselbach's triangle? - \Direct Which of the following incisions is oblique? - \Kocher Which of the following dilators are used in the common duct? - \Bakes Which of the following is a mechanical method of hemostasis? - \Ligature The organ that is connected by a duct to the duodenum is the: - \Pancreas A brain tumor causing alteration of muscle tone, voluntary muscle coordination, gait and balance would likely be located in the: - \Cerebellum What is the term for a relationship that benefits one organism at the expense of another? - \Parasitism What type of disease is characterized by rapid onset and a rapid recovery? - \Acute Which organelle is responsible for the production of energy? - \Mitochondria What type of anesthesia is a combination of inhalation and intravenous drugs? - \Balanced Who is ultimately responsible for obtaining the surgical informed consent? - \Surgeon What position is most commonly used for neurosurgical procedures? - \Supine The outer layer of the intestine is the: - \Serosa Which of the following solutions should be used to prep the donor site for a split- thickness skin graft? - \Chlorhexidine What type of drape would be used for a flank procedure? - \Transverse Where should the safety strap be placed on a patient who is in the supine position? - \Over the thighs Which surgical procedure is performed to correct an abnormality in which the urethral meatus is situated on the superior aspect of the penis? - \Epispadias repair What is another name for the Kraske position? - \Jackknife What type of sponge is tightly rolled cotton tape used by surgeons for blunt dissection? - \Kitner Which of these instruments would be used during a keratoplasty? - \Cottingham punch A partially dislocated joint is called: - \Subluxation What condition is characterized by build-up of fatty deposits such as cholesterol? - \Atherosclerosis Plaster rolls for casting should be submerged in which of the following? - \Lukewarm water The avascular, clear portion of the eye covering the iris is the: - \Cornea How often should surgical masks be changed? - \After each case Which term descibes a rod-shaped microorganism? - \Bacillus When using the warm cycle of the EtO sterilizer, what is the minimum sterilization temperature in Fahrenheit? - \85 Which of the following actions would be a violation of aseptic technique? - \Repositioning penetrating towel clip Which legal principle applies when the patient is given the wrong dose of the local anesthetic? - \Res ipsa loquitor The space between the vocal cords is called the: - \Glottis Which bacteria could be found in a penetrating wound caused by a rusty nail? - \Vocal fold Which of the following retractors is used for spinal nerve roots? - \Love What is another name for the electrosurgical unit's patient return electrode? - \Grounding pad What size of Foley catheter is commonly used for adults? - \16 Fr Which of the following tumors is typically benign, encapsulated, and arises from tissue covering the central nervous system structures? - \Meningioma The fibrous white layer that gives the eye its shape is the: - \Sclera What is the term for thread-like appendages that provide bacteria with motion? - \Flagella What surgical position provides optimal visualization of the lower abdomen or pelvis? - \Trendelenburg How many hours must an item submerse in glutaraldehyde to sterilize? - \10 hours When a patient's blood pressure is 135/81, 135 refers to: - \Systolic A term referring to a waxy secretion in the external ear canal is: - \Cerumen Which of the following is an ossicle of the middle ear? - \Incus What is the term for the process of removing blood from an extremity prior to inflating the pneumatic tourniquet? - \Exsanguination Which of the following may require probing and dilating in pediatric patients with upper respiratory infections? - \Nasolacrimal duct Which surgical team member is responsible for setting up the sterile field? - \Surgical technologist In what circumstances would cell-saver transfusion be contraindicated? - \Cancer procedures Use of intraluminal (circular) stapler (EEA) would be indicated for which of the following surgical procedures? - \Sigmoidectomy Satinsky, Kerrick, and Mayo clamps may be specifically used on which of the following structures? - \Kidney pedicle The nasal cavity is divided into two portions by the: - \Septum Which of the following is used by the surgeon to intermittently remove prostatic tissue fragments during a TURP? - \Ellik evacuator Which type of hematoma is a result of torn bridging meningeal veins? - \Subdural In addition to temperature, time and moisture, what is the fourth factor that determines the outcome of the steam sterilization process? - \Pressure The Bowie-Dick test is performed: - \Daily The spiral, conical structure of the inner ear is the: - \Cochlea What is the name of the condition in which a loop of bowel herniates into the Douglas's cul-de-sac? - \Enterocele Which of these conditions is characterized by a fleshy encroachment of conjunctiva onto the cornea? - \Pterygium Which procedure would be listed in the OR schedule for a patient undergoing surgical treatment of uterine fibroids? - \Myomectomy Where is a Baker's cyst located? - \Popliteal fossa Which of the following is method of high-level disinfection? - \2% glutaraldehyde for 20 minutes