AST Surgical Technologist CST Practice Exam Questions with Correct Answers, Exams of General Surgery

Download AST Surgical Technologist CST Practice Exam Questions with Correct Answers and more Exams General Surgery in PDF only on Docsity! AST Surgical Technologist CST Practice Exam Questions with Correct Answers 1. Which of the following clips is used for scalp hemostasis in cranial procedures? A. Raney b.Filshie c. Hemoclip d. Backhaus - ANSWER-A. Raney In severe aortic stenosis, all of the following are indications of valve replacement except? a. Myocardial ischemia b. Left ventricle hypertrophy c. Palpitations d. Angina - ANSWER-C. Palpitations Ethylene Oxide (ETO) sterilization destroys microbes by the process of: a. alkylation b. Osmosis c. Oxidation d. Cavitation - ANSWER-a. Alkylation The local freezing of diseased tissue to facilitate removal without bleeding is: a. Cryosurgery b. Electrocautery c. Diathermy d. harmonic scalpel - ANSWER-A. Cryosurgery What is used to determine the position of cannulated screws during repair of a femoral neck fracture? a. Broach b. Guide pins c. Canal reamer d. ruler - ANSWER-B. Guide pins The instruments show below are used to dilate the: a. urethra b. cervix c. Coronary artery d. Intranasal antrostomy - ANSWER-B. cervix In the event a child requires emergency surgery, but the parents cannot be located to sign the surgical consent: a. Consent is signed by a court of law b. Consent is signed by two consulting physicians c. No consent is required d. Consent is signed by the surgeon - ANSWER-b. Consent is signed by two consulting physicians Prior to being placed in the Eto sterilizer, items must: a. Not be heat sensitive b. Be lubricated with oil c. Have residual water on their surface d. Be completely dry - ANSWER-D. Be completely dry During general anesthesia induction, which sense is the last to be experienced by the patient? a. Touch b. Taste c. Hearing d. Smell - ANSWER-C. Hearing The purpose of creating an arteriovenous fistula is for: a. Lavage b. Chemotherapy c. Hemodialysis d. Hemostasis - ANSWER-C. Hemodialysis What nerve is at greater risk during a thyriodectomy? a. Cervical sympathetic chain b. Inferior laryngeal c. Vagus d. Recurrent laryngeal - ANSWER-D. Recurrent laryngeal Which nerve could be compressed against the humerus in the prone position? a. Peroneal b. Tibial c. Brachial d. Radial - ANSWER-D. Radial What is the surgical procedure for reducing testosterone in prostate cancer? a. Vasectomy b. Varicocelectomy c. Hydrocelectomy d. Orchiectomy - ANSWER-d. Orchiectomy What is the name of the retractor shown below? a. Deaver b. Harrington a. Confirm ankles are not crossed b. Place rolls under the axillae c. Confirm chest is not compromised d. Place a pillow between the knees - ANSWER-a. Confirm angles are not crossed What body system aids in the metastatic spread of cancer cells? a. Lymphatic b. Reproductive c. Respiratory d. Limbic - ANSWER-a. Lymphatic Which of the following is inserted into the symphonic membrane incision during a myringotomy? a. Fascial graft b. PE tube c. Tympanostomy tubes d. Speculum - ANSWER-b. PE tube Ventilation or pressure equalizing (PE) tube is inserted into the incision to facilitate pressure equalization Which organelle contains digestive juices? a. Ribosome b. Lysosome c. Mitochondria d. Nucleus - ANSWER-b. Lysosome During a thyriodectomy, if all parathyroid glands are accidentally removed, what complications will occur? a. Tetany b. Bradycardia c. Thryoid storm d. Hemorrhage - ANSWER-a. Tetany (Tetany is characterized by severe cramps, convulsions and twitching of the muscles, and extreme flexion of the joints caused buy a low level of calcium) Which of the following surgical instruments is used to retract the lung? a. Glover b. Kocher c. Allison d. Davidson - ANSWER-c. Allison (The Allison lung retractor is a non-traumatic retractor that is used specifically for the lung. Which of the following instruments would be used to remove nasal polyps? a. Antrum rasp b. Krause nasal snare c Knight nasal scissors d. Gruenwald nasal forceps - ANSWER-B. Krause nasal snare What anatomical structure is Mersilene tape sutured around during a cerclage? a. Ligaments b. Cervix c. Uterus d. Fallopian tubes - ANSWER-b. Cervix (Cervical Cerclage also called Shirodkar's procedure) What does the suffix - ectomy mean? a. Incision b. Opening c. Anastomosis d. Excision - ANSWER-d. Excision What would the preoperative diagnosis be for an infant undergoing craniotomy? a. Myelomeningocele b. Craniosynostosis c. Anencephaly d. Arteriovenous malformation - ANSWER-b. Craniosynostosis Where is the anterior chamber of the eye located? a. Posterior to the cornea and anterior to the iris b. Posterior to the cornea and anterior to the lens c. Posterior to the iris and anterior to the lens d. Posterior to the iris and anterior to the retina - ANSWER-a. Posterior to the cornea and anterior to the iris Which of the following would contraindicate preoperatively setting up the cell saver machine? a. Patient received preoperative blood transfusion b. Patient is on preoperative steroids c. Sponges will be used during procedure d. Patient has cancer - ANSWER-d. patient has cancer Which medication is contraindicated for patients with a history of malignant hyperthermia? a.Succinylcholine b. Dantrolene c. papaverine d. Vecuronium - ANSWER-a. Succinylcholine (triggers malignant hyperthermia) Which of the following is an incision into the tympanic membrane for the removal of accumulated fluid? a. Otoplasty b. Tympanoplasty c. stapedotomy d. Myringotomy - ANSWER-d. Myringotomy Which of the following is not a requirement when a patient is placed in the prone position? a. bolsters placed under axilllae b. Arms on arm boards parallel to bed c. Head placed on donut d. Safety belt is placed below the knees - ANSWER-d. safety belt is placed below the knees A tissue specimen being sent to pathology for a frozen section is prepared by placing it into a : a. Basin of water b. Jar with formalin c. Jar with methylene blue d. Container without preservative - ANSWER-d. container without preservative The body's first line of defense against infection is: a. respiratory tract b. Immune response c. intact skin d. Hair follicles - ANSWER-c. intact skin Which stapling device would be used to create an anastomosis during a low anterior resection? a. GIA b. EEA c. TA d. LDS - ANSWER-B. EEA Packing material would be placed as a dressing after surgery on the: a. Rectum b. Chest c. Knee d. Neck - ANSWER-a. rectum What is the lining of the thoracic cavity? a. Peritoneum b. Pleura c. Parietal d. Pericardium - ANSWER-b. Pleura What is the proper method of removing the knife blade from the handle when breaking down the Mayo stand? c. Nephrectomy d. Appendectomy - ANSWER-a. Abdominal aortic aneurysmectomy Which item listed below should the surgical technologist confirm is available for a nerve repair? a. CUSA b. Nd: YAG laser c. Loupes d. Cryotherapy unit - ANSWER-c. Loupes How often should biological testing of EtO sterilization be conducted? a. Every load b. Weekly c. Monthly d. Twice-a-week - ANSWER-a. Every load Which of the following is a liquid chemical sterilant often used for sterilizing endoscopes with a cycle time of 30 minutes? a. Isopropyl alcohol b. Sodium hypochlorite c. Peracetic acid d. Glutaraldehyde - ANSWER-c. Peracetic acid When should the first closing sponge, sharp and instrument count be completed? - ANSWER-prior to closure of the body cavity Which of the following skin preps is contraindicated for use around eyes and ears because of potential for corneal abrasions and ototoxicity? - ANSWER-Chlorhexidine A short-acting narcotic opioid given intramuscularly for preoperative sedation is: - ANSWER-Meperidine The leg extensor muscle:rectus femurs, vastus laterals, vastgus medial is and the vast us intermedius are collectively called the; - ANSWER-Quadriceps femoris Which of the following instruments is not a retractor used during a prostatectomy? - ANSWER-Harrington What does the term - scope mean? - ANSWER-viewing How many minutes should a Frazier suction tip be immediate-use sterilized (flash sterilized) in a gravity steam sterilizer? - ANSWER-10 Which of the following preoperative procedures should be completed for the diabetic patient - ANSWER-Antiembolic stockings placed on patient Induced hypothermia is typically associated with which of the following surgical specialities? - ANSWER-Cardiothoracic What block involved medication being injected into the subarachnoid space? - ANSWER-spinal Which of the following conditions might require use of a Silastic urethral catheter? - ANSWER-latex allergy A patient received preoperative instructions to remove nail polish to: - ANSWER- Prevent pulse oximeter malfunction How often should the steam sterilizing machine's strainer be cleaned? - ANSWER-daily What is the smallest microorganism that requires a host cell for replication? - ANSWER- virus Which surgeon might provide the operative exposure for the neurosurgeon in a transphenoidal approach to the sell turcica? - ANSWER-Otorhinolaryngologist An intraoperative mutagenic and carcinogenic hazard of laser use is: - ANSWER-Laser plume What type of solution is recommended for cleaning the OR floors during room turnover? - ANSWER-Detergent-disinfection Which of the following is used to remove resected prostatic tissue during a TURP? - ANSWER-Ellik A patient is instructed to be NPO for 8 hours prior to surgery to prevent: - ANSWER- Aspiration The essential element of hemoglobin is: - ANSWER-Iron In which procedure would the instrument shown below be used? - ANSWER- Hysterectomy A large, bony process found on the femur is a : - ANSWER-Trochanter Which of the following incisions would be performed for repair for a liver laceration? - ANSWER-Midline Just before the surgeon makes the skin incision which of the following must be performed? - ANSWER-time-out The pulse rate of pregnant patients: - ANSWER-Increases Which portion of the stomach is superior to the esophageal sphincter? - ANSWER- fundus A linen pack to be steam sterilized must be weigh more than: - ANSWER-12lbs The closing sponge count should be initiated at the: - ANSWER-operative field During which of the following procedures is it imperative that the surgical tech maintain the sterility of the back table and mayo stand until the patient is transported out of the OR? - ANSWER-Tonsillectomy Which of the following statements concerning peel-packs is correct? - ANSWER-When labeling with felt-tip marker write on the plastic side Which two structures are identified and ligated during a cholecystectomy? - ANSWER- cystic artery and cystic duct Which is the primary responsibility of the first scrub surgical tech during a cardiac arrest in the OR? - ANSWER-Protect the sterile field What does pneumonectomy mean? - ANSWER-removal of a lung How many hours must the steam biological indicator by incubated before reading the results? - ANSWER-24 Which of the following is responsible for causing transmission of spongiform encephalopathy? - ANSWER-Prion The thyroid gland consists of right and left lobes joined by the ; - ANSWER-Isthmus A sustained contraction produced by rapid stimuli is called: - ANSWER-tetany What type of heart rate does tachycardia describe? - ANSWER-Fast Which of the following would be the least likely complication of suprapubic prostatectomy? - ANSWER-Acute phlebitis When is the surgical consent typically signed? - ANSWER-Before preoperative medications are administered Which of the following is the order for postoperative case management? - ANSWER- Remove drapes; preserve sterile field until patient leaves OR; remove gown and gloves; don non-sterile gloves to break down back table. What type of needle is used when suturing the skin? - ANSWER-Reverse cutting Which instrument will the surgeon use to free the entrapped orbital fat during repair of an orbital floor fracture? - ANSWER-Freer A urinary tract infection, following a cystoscopy, is an example of what type of infection? - ANSWER-healthcare-acquired infection Which of the following is a type of meniscal tear? - ANSWER-bucket handle Which surgical procedure may require a suprabubic catheter to drain the urinary bladder? - ANSWER-Prostatectomy Which one of these microorganisms is least likely to be associated with wound infections? - ANSWER-Treponema Pallidum (normally associated with syphilis) Liquid agents used to reduce microorganisms on the patient's skin. - ANSWER- antiseptics Which closed wound drainage requires being connected to a bulb evacuator? - ANSWER-Jackson-pratt What term refers to items remaining indefinitely until the wrapper is compromised? - ANSWER-event-related sterility Which of the following veins would be harvested during a CABG? - ANSWER- Saphenous When incubated, the ETo biological indicator can be read after: - ANSWER-24 hours The structure that facilities the exchange of nutrients and wastes between the fetus and mother is the: - ANSWER-Placenta When helping to turn over an OR between patients, the surgical technologists should: - ANSWER-Use a clean mop head Vitrectomy is the removal of the: - ANSWER-Gel from the eye When using ETO sterilization, the recommended aeration time for an aerator set at 140deg F is: - ANSWER-24 hours Where should the biological indicator test be placed on the steam sterilizer cart? - ANSWER-bottom front Which of the following vessels empties into the right atrium? - ANSWER-Superior vena cava Knife blades should be loaded onto the handle with: - ANSWER-Needle holder Which of the following vitamins is essential for the clotting proccess? - ANSWER-K From where do most intracanial aneurysms arise? - ANSWER-Circle of willis Which of the following types of equipment would require preoperative draping by the surgical technologist? - ANSWER-c-arm What dietary substance enhances the production of collagen? - ANSWER-Protein The normal range of intraoperative pressure for the insufflator during a laparoscopy is? - ANSWER-12-15mm Hg Where should the ETO biological indicator be placed in the load? - ANSWER-center What is the proper way to remove a patient from the lithotomy position? - ANSWER- Lower legs together slowing in unison What procedure should the first scrub technologist set up for when a female patient is undergoing a repair for a cystocele and rectocele? - ANSWER-anterior and posterior colporrhaphy Which vein drains the small intestine? - ANSWER-Hepatic portal Which specialized retractors are used during a rotator cuff repair? - ANSWER-Bankart The concave notch of the kidney through which the ureter exits is the: - ANSWER-Hilum The large artery found posterior to the knees is the: - ANSWER-Popliteal Proper placement of the Foley catheter is confirmed prior to the balloon inflation by which of the following: - ANSWER-urine flowing out of the catheter Which portion of the small intestine joins to the large intestine? - ANSWER-ileum Which tank would be brought into the OR if a surgical technologist is preparing an oscillating saw? - ANSWER-compressed nitrogen 1. What is used to retract the spermatic cord during an inguinal herniorraphy? a. Skin hook b. Penrose drain c. Vessel loops d. Umbilical tapes - ANSWER-Penrose drain 2. Why is an indwelling Foley catheter placed prior to a hysterectomy? a. Record fluid intake b. Avoid injury to bladder c. Distend bladder d. Demonstrate ureteral patency - ANSWER-Avoid injury to bladder 3. Which of the following scissors is the best choice for extending an arterial incision? a. Metzenbaum b. Jorgenson c. Iris d. Potts-smith - ANSWER-Potts-smith 4. Which of the following is used to stain the cervix for a Schiller's test? a. Lugol's solution b. Indigo carmind c. Methylene blue d. Acetic acid - ANSWER-Lugol's solution 5. Which of the following arises from the left ventricle of the heart? a. Ascending aorta b. Pulmonary vein c. Descending aorta d. Pulmonary artery - ANSWER-Ascending aorta 6. What method is used to confirm that items have been exposed to the sterilization process but sterility is not guaranteed? a. Mechanical b. Biological c. Chemical d. Bowie-dick - ANSWER-Chemical 7. Why would the hair of a patient undergoing craniotomy be bagged labeled and saved? a. To donate to cancer patients b. In case of need for future genetic testing c. It is patient property d. Prevent post-op surgical site infection - ANSWER-It is patient property 8. When preparing a double basin for sterilization the: a. Basins should be separated by a porous absorbent towel b. Sponges should be placed in the top basin c. Wrapped package should be laid flat on the shelf of the sterilizing cart d. Bottom basin should contain a residual of distilled water - ANSWER-Basins should be separated by a porous absorbent towel 9. Which structure during a total hip arhtroplasty, requires intramedullary reaming prior to placement of a prosthesis? a. Femoral canal b. Tibial plateau c. Acetabular fossa d. Greater trochanter - ANSWER-Femoral canal 10. Which of the following is the least restrictive form of credentialing? a. Certification b. Licensure c. Registration d. Accreditation - ANSWER-Registration 11. What drug classification is Demerol? a. Dilator b. Analgesic c. Sedative d. Vasoconstrictor - ANSWER-Analgesic 12. What should be transported to the PACU with a patient who underwent a thyroidectomy? a. Tracheotomy tray b. Clean stent dressing c. Extra penrose drain d. Antiembolic stockings - ANSWER-Tracheotomy tray 13. What is the chemical abbreviation for sodium chloride? a. Fe b. Hg c. NaCl d. H20 - ANSWER-NaCl 14. Which organelle is responsible for packaging of proteins? a. Golgi complex b. Mitochondria c. Nucleus d. Robosome - ANSWER-Golgi complex 16. What types of treatment does a patient authorize when signing a general consent form? a. Only for receiving general anesthesia b. Invasive surgical procedures c. 45. When preparing instruments for sterilization all the following are completed with the exception of: a. Maintaining the ringed instruments in an open position b. Placing heavy instruments in mesh-bottom tray c. Placing the instruments in a mesh-bottom tray d. Lining the tray with a nonwoven disposable wrapper - ANSWER-Lining the tray with a nonwoven disposable wrapper 46. Which of the following is an initial incision for abdominoplasty? a. Periumbilical b. Upper paramedian c. Low transverse d. Midline - ANSWER-Low transverse 47. When performing a rhinoplasty the exostosis in the nose is removed with a: a. Chisel b. Rongeur c. Scissors d. Saw - ANSWER-Chisel 48. Which type of sterilization requires the use of the bowie-dick test? a. Plasma b. Prevacuum steam c. EtO d. Steris - ANSWER-Prevacuum steam 49. What is the first federal act to establish patient privacy standards? a. Health insurance portability and accountability act b. Patient protection and affordable care act c. Patient care partnership d. Safe medical device act - ANSWER-Health insurance portability and accountability act 50. What should the surgical technologist wear when transporting a patient with tuberculosis from PACU to the isolation patient room? a. Hair cover b. Surgical mask c. No additional precautions necessary d. Respirator - ANSWER-Respirator 51. How is the informed consent signed if a patient is illiterate? a. Two physicians sign consent b. Surgeon signs consent c. Verbal consent of patient d. Patient marks an "X" - ANSWER-Patient marks an "X" 52. Which of the following agents should not be used to disinfect endoscopes? a. Distilled water b. Glutaraldehyde c. Enzymatic solution d. Isopropyl alcohol - ANSWER- Isopropyl alcohol 53. Which of the following is used to expose the meatus during urethral catheterization? a. Cottonball b. Sponge stick c. Non-dominant hand d. Dominant hand - ANSWER-Non- dominant hand 54. Which of the following is the second phase of wound healing? a. Proliferation b. Maturation c. Contraction d. Lag - ANSWER-Proliferation 55. The patient is never positioned until the: a. Surgical technologist is scrubbed b. Surgeon gives permission c. Circulator has finished all preparatory d. Rectus abdominis - ANSWER-Rectus abdominis 56. The patient is never positioned until the: a. Surgical technologist is scrubbed b. Surgeon gives permission c. Circulator has finished all prepatory duties d. Anesthesia provider gives permission - ANSWER-Anesthesia provider gives permission 57. What term refers to cell "drinking"? a. Osmosis b. Phagocytosis c. Pinocytosis d. Filtration - ANSWER-Pinocytosis 58. What does hypertension mean? a. High blood pressure b. Normal blood pressure c. No blood pressure d. Low blood pressure - ANSWER-High blood pressure 59. Which type of fire extinguisher should be available when using a laser? a. Water b. Carbon dioxide c. Halon d. Dry chemical - ANSWER-Halon 60. What is the major side effect of thrombolytics? a. Infection b. Hemorrhage c. Nausea d. Clotting - ANSWER-Hemorrhage 61. If a sterile glove becomes contaminated during a procedure what action should the surgical technologist take? a. Surgical technologist pulls off glove covering hand with gown cuff; regloves using closed technique b. Circultor pulls off glove covering hand with gown cuff; surgical technologist regloves using closed technique c. Circulator pulls off glove; surgical technologist is regloved by another sterile team member d. Surgical technologist pulls off glove; regloves using open technique - ANSWER-Circulator pulls off glove; surgical technologist is regloved by another sterile team member 62. What type of suture technique is used to invert the stump of the appendix during an appendectomy? a. Purse-string b. Continuous c. Horizontal d. Interrupted - ANSWER- Purse-string 63. Which of the following is the proper procedure for removing a laparotomy drape? a. Circulator holds dressing in place and removes drape b. ST holds dressing in place; rolls drape one side to the other c. Circulator holds dressing in place; ST rolls drape head to feet d. Surgical technologist (ST) holds dressing in place; rolls drape head to feet - ANSWER-Surgical technologist (ST) holds dressing in place; rolls drape head to feet 64. Gerota's fascia is located: a. Around the kidney b. Within the kidney c. Within the bladder d. Around the bladder - ANSWER-Around the kidney 65. What activity can aggravate the symptoms of trigeminal neuralgia? a. Typing b. Walking c. Chewing d. Sitting - ANSWER-Chewing 66. What is the purpose of maintaining 20% to 60% relative humidity in the OR? a. Eliminate microbial count b. Provide comfortable environment c. Decrease static electricity d. Reduce room temperature - ANSWER-Decrease static electricity 67. What surgical instrument is used to thread the drilled hold for the screw during an ORIF? a. Tap b. Depth gauge c. Osteotome d. Drill bit - ANSWER-Tap 68. Which of the following pathology would be treated by transphenoidal hypophysectomy procedure? a. Pituitary neoplasm b. Trigeminal neuralgia c. Carotid stenosis d. Communicating hydrocephalus - ANSWER-Pituitary neoplasm 69. The muscle that causes strabismus is the: a. Orbicularis oculli b. Ciliary c. Oblique d. Medial rectus - ANSWER-Medial rectus 70. What is the minimum required number of people to transfer a patient from the OR table to the stretcher? a. 6 b. 5 c. 4 d. 3 - ANSWER-4 71. When used as a skin prep which of the following should be allowed to thoroughly dry if electrocautery will be used? a. Aqueous solutions b. Hexacholorophene c. Alcohol and tinctures d. Iodophor solutions - ANSWER-Alcohol and tinctures 72. Healthcare-acquired infections (HAI) are most commonly associated with which of the following? a. Prolonged bed rest b. Use of urinary catheters c. Surgical site contamination d. Prescribed antibiotic therapy - ANSWER-Use of urinary catheters 73. What is the technical term for robotic arms? a. Manipulator b. Telechir c. Articulated d. Resolution - ANSWER-Manipulator 74. In which of the following procedures would the surgeon check for anastomotic leaks by injecting air into the recum looking for bubble in the fluid filled peritonal cavity? a. Low anterior resection b. Nissen fundoplication c. Subtotal gastrectomy d. Roux-en-Y anastomosis - ANSWER-Low anterior resection 75. What are varicosities of the rectum and anus? a. Hemorrhoids b. Polyps c. Fissures d. Sinuses - ANSWER-Hemorrhoids 76. Vitamins A D, E and K are absorbed in the: a. Stomach b. Intestine c. Pancreas d. Liver - ANSWER-Intestine 77. The preoperative exsanguination of an extremity prior to inflating a tourniquet is accomplished with: a. Webril b. Green towel c. Esmarch d. Kling - ANSWER-Esmarch 78. Which of the following vessels is harvested for us during a CABG? a. Azygous vein b. Internal mamary artery c. Politeal vein d. Left axillary artery - ANSWER-Internal mamary artery 79. Which of the following retractors would be used to retract the muscles during a hip pinning? a. Harrington b. Charnley c. Bennett d. Richardson - ANSWER-Bennett 106. What does the term dys- mean? a. Proximal b. Distal c. Difficult d. Easy - ANSWER-Difficult 107. Ater the patient is extubated which device is often used to maintain the airway around the relaxed tongue? a. Laryngoscope b. Oopharyngeal airway c. Stylet d. Laryngeal mask airway - ANSWER-Oopharyngeal airway 108. Which of the following accelerates the coagulation cascade? a. Papaverine b. Epinephrine c. Topical thrombin d. IV Heparin - ANSWER-Topical thrombin 109. Which breast procedures describes a mastectomy? a. Reduction b. Surgical removal c. Incisional biopsyd. Augmentation - ANSWER-Surgical removal 110. What is done to the common bile duct during a choledochojejunostomy? a. Excised b. Visualized c. Anastomosed d. Bypassed - ANSWER-Anastomosed 111. In which of the following procedures would a tourniquet be unnecessary? a. Hip arthroplasty b. Knee arthroplasty c. Ankle fracture d. ORIF radius - ANSWER-Hip arthroplasty 112. Which of the following anatomical sites would be prepped last when performing a skin prep for a colostomy reversal procedure? a. Suprapubic area b. Stoma c. Umbilicus d. Lateral borders - ANSWER-Stoma 113. What surgical procedure is performed to relieve pressure on the median nerve? a. Endoscopic carpal tunnel release b. Ulnar nerve transposition c. Metacarpophalangeal join repalcement d. External fixation of radius - ANSWER-Endoscopic carpal tunnel release 114. What is the proper procedure for turning the sterile gown? a. Circulator removes tag from gown: surgical technologist turns b. Hand tag to circulator; surgical technologist and circulator turn c. Hand tag to circulator; circulator moves around the gown d. Surgical technologist holds tag and turns self - ANSWER-Hand tag to circulator; circulator moves around the gown 115. What does the term "os" mean? a. Bone b. Opening c. Occlusion d. Right - ANSWER-Opening 116. Which of the following is not a function of the trachea? a. Carry air to and from the lungs b. Amplify speech c. Filter secretions and particulates d. Humidify inspired air - ANSWER-Amplify speech 117. Which condition is characterized by the sudden onset of floating spots before the eyes? a. Scleral tumor b. Retinal detachment c. Vitreous hemorrhage d. Epiretinal membrane - ANSWER-Retinal detachment 118. One of the most effective germicidals for cold sterilzation is: a. 2% glutaraldehyde b. Alcohol c. Hexachlorophene d. Betadine - ANSWER-2% glutaraldehyde 119. From which laminectomy instrument would invertebral disc fragments be cleaned? a. Penfield b. Lagenbeck c. Pituitary d. Taylor - ANSWER-Pituitary 120. What type of suture is used for vascular reanastomosis? a. Absorbable multifilament b. Nonabsorbable monofilament c. Nonabsorbable multifilament d. Absorbable monofilament - ANSWER-Nonabsorbable monofilament 122. What molecule is broken down when the body cells require energy? a. ATP b. RNA c. DNA d. ADP - ANSWER-ATP 123. Which of the following represents a saddle joint? a. Radius and carpals b. Thumb and trapezium c. Femur and hip d. Ulna and radius - ANSWER-Thumb and trapezium 124. During an EtO sterilization cycle humidity is maintained at: a. 50-90% b. 80-100% c. 20-80% d. 10-25% - ANSWER-20-80% 125. An emergency drug given to stabilize ventricular fibrillation is: a. Anectine b. Isoproterenol c. Vasopressin d. Nitroglycerine - ANSWER-Isoproterenol 126. Creating a positive-pressure air supply for each OR will: a. Prevent fires during laser surgery b. Maintain a stable relative humidity c. Minimize airborne bacteria entering room d. Reduce external noise and conversations - ANSWER-Minimize airborne bacteria entering room 127. Which is an acceptable antiseptic solution for a skin prep? a. Povidon-iodine b. Lugol's solution c. Hydrogen peroxide d. Activated glutaraldehyde - ANSWER-Povidon- iodine 128. During a total hip arthroplasty which instrument is used after intramedullary reaming to reshape the proximal femoral canal? a. Rongeur b. Curette c. Brush d. Rasp - ANSWER-Rasp 129. Which of the following assesses the electrical activity of the nervous system? a. Spirometry b. Electroencephalogram c. Peripheral nerve stimulator d. Electrocardiogram - ANSWER-Electroencephalogram 130. The functional unit of the kidney responsibel for removing waste and regulating fluid is the: a. Cortex b. Renal pelvis c. Medullla d. Nephron - ANSWER-Nephron 131. Which of the following is an intermediate-level disinfectant? a. Isopropyl alcohol b. Glutaraldehyde c. Paracetic acid d. Hydrogen peroxide - ANSWER-Isopropyl alcohol 132. Which vein of an infant patient is a central venous catheter inserted? a. Internal jugular b. Saphenous c. subclavian d. External jugular - ANSWER-External jugular 133. After the patient leaves the OR the reusable items should be taken to the decontamination room: a. By covering instrument tray with bag and carry b. Carried in a basin soaking in enzymatic solution c. On the shelf of the sterilization cartd. Inside a closed case cart - ANSWER-Inside a closed case cart 134. A clamp used for occluding a peripheral vessel is: a. Duval b. Allen c. Kocher d. Debakey - ANSWER-Debakey 135. During a total hip arthroplasty which type of device prevents polymethyl methacrylate from filling the medullary canal distal to the prosthesis? a. Stem b. Restrictor c. Brush d. Wick - ANSWER-Restrictor 136. Which of the following is proper technique when applying a grounding pad? a. Avoid placing pad on buttocks b. Apply pad before patient is positioned c. Apply gel to pad d. Reuse pad that is repositioned - ANSWER-Avoid placing pad on buttocks 137. Which of the following sutures are packaged in alcohol to maintain pliability? a. Synthetic absorbable b. Natural absorbable c. Synthetic non-absorbabled. Natural non- abosrbable - ANSWER-Natural absorbable 138. What procedure should be followed for securing consent for surgery for an unconscious patient requiring emergency surgery whose family members or guardian cannot be contacted? a. Chief of surgery waives consent b. Surgeon and risk manager sign consent c. Two consulting physicians agree d. Obtain telephone court order - ANSWER-Two consulting physicians agree 139. What gynecologic procedure includes removal of the reproductive organs bladder and rectum? a. Posterior colporrhaphy b. Total hysterectomy c. Abdominoperineal resection d. Pelvic exenteration - ANSWER-Pelvic exenteration 140. Isopropyl alcohol is bactericidal which means it: a. Inhibits the growth of bacteria b. Sterilizes surfaces c. Destroys spores d. Kill bacteria - ANSWER-Kill bacteria 141. Use of a one-step applicator with little or no pressure on skin would be indicated in which of the following conditions? a. Plueral effusion b. Herniated lumbar disc c. Abdominal aortic aneurysm d. Cholecystitis with cholelithiasis - ANSWER-Abdominal aortic aneurysm 142. A postoperative anesthesia complication when extubating a patient is: a. Allergic reaction b. Laryngospasm c. Hemorrhaged. Malignant hyper thermia - ANSWER- Laryngospasm 167. Which of the following defines anaerobic? a. Without nitrogen b. Without oxygen c. With nitrogen d. With oxygen - ANSWER-Without oxygen 168. Which nerve in the lower leg must be protected from pressure when placing the patient in the lithotomy position? a. Lateral plantar b. Biceps femoris c. Ulnar d. Peroneal - ANSWER-Peroneal 169. Exophthalmos due to grave's disease is associated with which gland? a. Parotid b. Thyroid c. Pituitary d. Thymus - ANSWER-Thyroid 170. Where should the Foley indwelling catheter drainage bag be positioned after insertion of the catheter? a. Above the level of the bladder b. Level of the bladder c. Lower than the level of the bladder d. Position not important - ANSWER-Lower than the level of the bladder 171. The sutures of the adult skull are examples of of: a. Synathrosis b. Synchondrosis c. Amphiarthrosis d. Diarthrosis - ANSWER-Synathrosis 172. A ventilation system that provides a unidirectional positive-pressure air flow at a high air exchange rate in the OR is: a. Central air b. Filtered air conditioning c. conventional air system d. Laminar air flow - ANSWER-Laminar air flow 173. Catabolism of fats prodcues: a. Ketone bodies b. Glycogen c. Amino acids d. Bile - ANSWER-Ketone bodies 174. What is the principal reason for performing a preoperative skin prep? a. Provide a visible demarcation of prepped borders b. Degrease the skin so that incise drapes will adhere c. Sterilize the skin to prevent surgical site infection d. Remove transient flora and reduce resident flora - ANSWER-Remove transient flora and reduce resident flora 175. What is the part of the brain that is responsible for controlling the body temperature? a. Cerebellum b. Pons c. Cerebrum d. hypothalamus - ANSWER- hypothalamus Which cranial nerve is affected by trigeminal neuralgia? - ANSWER-V (Five) What is used to lubricate the donor site and reduce friction from the dermatome? - ANSWER-Mineral oil Which of the following is an example of proper sterile technique when performing the prep for a split thickness skin graft? - ANSWER-Donor site first What is the recommended range of intra-abdominal pressure in an adult patient when using an insufflator during a laparoscopic procedure? - ANSWER-12-15mm Hg Which of these terms refers to the inability to direct both eyes at the same object? - ANSWER-Strabismus What procedure is performed to correct chronic cerebral ischemia? - ANSWER- Endarterectomy According to the Rule of Nines, what percentage is assigned to the front and back of the trunk? - ANSWER-18% Which term refers to an abnormal increase in the number of cells? - ANSWER- Hyperplasia A second intention wound heals by: - ANSWER-Granulation Intraoperative ventricular arrhythmias are treated with: - ANSWER-Lidocaine How many millileters equal two (2) ounces? - ANSWER-60 Covering a sterile back table for later use is: - ANSWER-Not permissible under any circumstances In which position would a patient be placed to counteract hypovolemia? - ANSWER- Trendelenburg Which of the following types of suture create the least tissue trauma and drag? - ANSWER-Swaged monofilament Which organization has legal oversight for the safety of healthcare providers in the work place? - ANSWER-OSHA Which level of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs is most applicable to the surgical patient? - ANSWER-Physiological and survival Which of the following would be incorrect technique when removing the sterile gown and gloves? - ANSWER-Gloves removed first What type of procedure might require a laparoscopy combination drape? - ANSWER- Abdominoperineal resection Cell destruction by steam sterilization occurs by: - ANSWER-Coagulation of protein which technique is not acceptable when draping? - ANSWER-Unfold drape before bringing up to the OR table A patient's fingernail polish is removed to: - ANSWER-Allow for use of pulse oximeter What is the purpose of maintaining the air exchange rate at 15-29 times per hour in the OR? - ANSWER-Reduce microbial count How many mL of water is necessary to inflate a 5-mL balloon on the Foley indwelling catheter? - ANSWER-10 mL In an opthalmologist orders trimming of eyelashes, how is safely performed? - ANSWER-Fine scissors coated with water-soluble gel What is the correct technique for performing the surgical skin prep? - ANSWER-Incision site to periphery using circular motion The laboratory test that determines the ration of erythrocytes to whole blood is: - ANSWER-Hematocrit What is the proper procedure to follow when a pack of sponges contains an incorrect number after the patient has entered the OR? - ANSWER-Hand off the sterile field and isolate Which of the following types of specimens would not be placed in a preservative solution? - ANSWER-Calculi Where should the surgical technologist begin when performing closing counts? - ANSWER-Operative field Which of the following catheter tips is used in a patient with a urethral stricture? - ANSWER-Coude Which type of procedure would require a stent dressing? - ANSWER-Neck Which of the following is used in order to ensure preservation of the facial nerve during a parotidectomy? - ANSWER-Nerve stimulator Which of the following hemostatic agents is contraindicated for use in the presence of infection? - ANSWER-Absorbable collagen During closure of a nephrectomy in the lateral position, the OR table is straightened to facilitate: - ANSWER-Tissue approximation Which of the following must be tested prior to the use of a fiberoptic bronchoscope? - ANSWER-Light source Excision of a constricted segment of the aorta with renastomosis is performed to correct: - ANSWER-Coarctation of the aorta What is the purpose of the third lumen in a three-way indwelling Foley catheter? - ANSWER-Instill irrigation fluids Which of the following enlarges and illuminates the surgical field during cataract procedures? - ANSWER-Operating microscope Small radiopaque surgical patties used during cranial procedures are: - ANSWER- Cottonoids Which of the following hemostatic agents must be applied dry and only handled with dry gloves and instruments? - ANSWER-Avitene Which surgical specialty would utilize a phacoemulsification machine? - ANSWER- Opthalmology Which of the following lasers would be contraindicated for use in the posterior chamber of the eye? - ANSWER-Carbon dioxide In which structure of the heart are the leads for a permanent pacemaker placed? - ANSWER-Right ventricle For which of the following diagnoses would a patient require pacreaticojeunostomy? - ANSWER-Alcoholic pancreatitis In which procedure would a Bookwalter retractor be used? - ANSWER-Retropubic prostatectomy Which cranial nerve is severed as a last resort treatment of Meniere's disease? - ANSWER-VIII (8 Eight) Brachytherapy is performed to treat: - ANSWER-Cervical cancer Which procedure is performed to improve the vision of patients with myopia? - ANSWER-Radial keratotomy The facial fracture that involves the complete separation of the maxilla from the cranial base is a/an: - ANSWER-LeFort I What is the name of this retractor? - ANSWER-Bennett Where is the incision for a Caldwell-Luc procedure made? - ANSWER-Canine fossa The device used for real-time intraoperative assessment of blood flow is a/an: - ANSWER-Doppler The needle holder shown below would be used during a: - ANSWER-Craniotomy A chemical reaction that provides energy by the breakdown of food is: - ANSWER- Catabolism Which structure of the ear is responsible for equilibrium? - ANSWER-Semicircular canals The first step of urine production when fluids and dissolved substances are forced through a membrane by pressure is called: - ANSWER-Glomerular filtration The adipose tissue overlying the symphysis is the: - ANSWER-Mons pubis The cranial nerve that regulates secretion of gastric juice is the: - ANSWER-X (10 Ten) Phagocytosis by the while blood cells is an example of which line of defense? - ANSWER-Second When opening a sterile wrapper, the unsterile person should open the first corner: - ANSWER-Away from self Which of the following is the least inert of the synthetic meshes? - ANSWER-Polyester fiber What radiopaque contrast medium is used intraoperatively when the patient is allergic to iodine? - ANSWER-Renograffin Which of the following legal terms would apply to a case when a non-English speaking patient signs a surgical informed consent in English, but does not fully understand it? - ANSWER-Assault and battery Which of the following psychosocial factors is important for the surgical team to address for pediatric patients? - ANSWER-Separation anxiety What is the surgical technologist's role during the transfer of the patient from the OR bed to the stretcher? - ANSWER-Maintains sterility and integrity of backtable When breaking down the sterile field, the surgical technologist should place the grossly contaminated instruments in which of the following? - ANSWER-Basin with sterile water How many minutes are unwrapped instruments with no lumens sterilized at 270 degrees F? - ANSWER-3 What is the recommended method of hair removal from an operative site? - ANSWER- Clippers with disposable heads which of the following muse be in the chart prior to the patient being taken to the OR per The Joint Commission? - ANSWER-History and physical An identification bracelet is placed on a surgical patient upon admission to the: - ANSWER-Facility To maintain control of the stretcher, the patient should be transported to the OR: - ANSWER-Feet first At what point is it appropriate to lower the leg when draping for a knee arthroscopy? - ANSWER-After the tourniquet has been inflated Which structure regulates the amount of light entering the eye? - ANSWER-Iris A capillary network of blood vessels within the renal cortex that functions as a filter is called the: - ANSWER-Glomerulus The kidneys are located in the: - ANSWER-Retroperitoneal space The most abundant extracellular ion necessary for the transmission of impulses is: - ANSWER-Sodium The set of teeth that erupt at about 6 months of age and are later replaced are the: - ANSWER-Deciduous teeth What is a frequently used IV barbiturate for general anesthesia induction? - ANSWER- Thiopental Which of the following arteries does not arise directly from the aorta? - ANSWER- Vertebral How long must an item be immersed in glutaraldehyde to be sterile? - ANSWER-10 hours Which chemical substance causes the immune system to form antibodies? - ANSWER- Antigens What is a surgical procedure for the treatment of acute otitis media? - ANSWER- Myringotomy How is the patient positioned on the OR table for a knee arthroscopy? - ANSWER- Supine, knee at lower break which of the following instrument sets will be needed when a frontal sinus fracture repair is performed? - ANSWER-Craniotomy The basic, living structural and functional unit of the body is known as the: - ANSWER- Cell The roof of the mouth is formed by the: - ANSWER-Hard and soft palates In what position would a patient be placed following a tonsillectomy? - ANSWER-Lateral What classification of drug reduces tissue inflammation? - ANSWER-Steroids What is the result of adding epinephrine to a local anesthetic? - ANSWER-Prolong anesthetic effect Which of the following is not a type of sterilizing agent? - ANSWER-Boiling water A diagnostic procedure performed for patients with possible prostatic cancer is known as a: - ANSWER-Needle biopsy How many hours is the steam biological indicator incubated? - ANSWER-24 What agent is used to flush the harvested saphenous vein during a CABG? - ANSWER- Heparinized saline In which of the following cases might the surgeon use a Gigli saw? - ANSWER- Craniotomy Low level disinfectants kill most microbes, but typically do not destroy: - ANSWER- Spores Polymethyl methacrylate would most likely be used on which of the following procedures? - ANSWER-Total knee arthroplasty Which of the following items should not be sterilized by dry heat? - ANSWER-Linen packs What is a Verres needle used for during a laparoscopy? - ANSWER-Instill CO2 Which method uses ultrasonic energy to fragment the lens? - ANSWER- Phacoemulsification In which of the following procedures would fine hooks of various angles be used? - ANSWER-Stapedectomy Which incisional approach would be used for a splenectomy? - ANSWER-Left subcostal During a strabismus correction, resection has a greater effect on which muscle? - ANSWER-Lateral rectus What is the best site for obtaining cortical bone graft? - ANSWER-Iliac crest Which of the following is a non-electrolytic and isotonic solution used during a TURP? - ANSWER-Glycine The structure that allows the eardrum to vibrate freely and connects the middle ear and the oropharynx is the: - ANSWER-Eustachian tube Which of the following procedures may require use of a manometer to check CSF pressure? - ANSWER-Ventriculoperitoneal shunt Which of the following is a type of tissue forceps? - ANSWER-Brown-Adson Which endoscope is used to visualize the heart and major vessels? - ANSWER- Angioscope The goal of the surgical scrub is lower the population of which flora to an irreducible minimum? - ANSWER-Resident Which needle is used during the bladder suspension procedure for treating stress incontinence in women? - ANSWER-Stamey Which procedure can be performed without making an incision to treat varicose veins? - ANSWER-Sclerotherapy When repairing a direct hernia, the surgeon works within the anatomical triangle formed by the inguinal ligament, inferior epigastric vessels and the lateral border of the rectus abdominis called: - ANSWER-Hesselbach's Which of the following is the correct postoperative sequence of actions completed by the surgical technologist? 1. Assist with postop patient care 2. Remove drapes 3. Remove gown and gloves 4. Break down sterile setup - ANSWER-2, 3, 1, 4 What should be completed before the sterile items are opened for the first procedure of the day? - ANSWER-Wipe down furniture and surfaces Cardiac muscles are controlled by which division of the nervous system? - ANSWER- Autonomic Oophor/o is the root word for which anatomical structure? - ANSWER-Ovary In which of the following would absorbable suture be contraindicated? - ANSWER- Vascular anastomosis During a cesarean section, which organ is freed from the uterus to prevent injury? - ANSWER-Bladder Which of the following refers to the absence of pathogens? - ANSWER-Aseptic Which surgical procedure would use the instrument shown below? - ANSWER-D&C What must be done prior to positioning a patient undergoing a posterior lumbar laminectomy? - ANSWER-Endotracheal intubation What is the name of the instrument shown below? - ANSWER-Pennington Which of the following damages the mastoid air cells and ossicles of the ear? - ANSWER-Cholesteatoma When placing a swaged needle onto a needle holder, the needle should be clamped: - ANSWER-One-third distance from swaged end of needle Which endoscope is used for the removal of foreign bodies from the airway of a pediatric patient? - ANSWER-Rigid bronchoscope Which of the following elements primarily make up the body's mass? - ANSWER- Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen Which instrument is used to contract the ribs for suturing purposes? - ANSWER-Bailey The largest muscle of the upper calf is the: - ANSWER-Gastrocnemius What is the length of time when thrombin loses its potency? - ANSWER-3 hours The function of the small intestine is: - ANSWER-Absorption of nutrients The teeth are composed primarily of: - ANSWER-Dentin The basis for the design of electrical equipment in the OR is: - ANSWER-Electron theory Which of the following procedures is performed to decrease gastric secretions? - ANSWER-Vagotomy The neuroglia of the nervous system: - ANSWER-Support and bind The method of inhalation anesthesia that allows complete re-breathing of expired gases is: - ANSWER-Closed Which member of the surgical team is responsible for protecting an unsplinted fracture during positioning? - ANSWER-Surgeon What personal protective equipment should the surgical technologist don prior to the start of an extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy procedure? - ANSWER-Lead apron Another name for tonsil suction is: - ANSWER-Yankauer Which muscles relax when a small pad is placed under a patient's head in the supine position? - ANSWER-Strap When a medication or local anesthetic is passed to the surgeon, the surgical technologist should: - ANSWER-State the name and dosage of the medication A type of bone-holding forceps is: - ANSWER-Dingman Which surgical procedure would use the instrument shown below? - ANSWER- Coronary artery by pass According to OSHA standards, protective eye wear of some form must be worn: - ANSWER-On all cases Which pathological condition of the small intestine could be misdiagnosed as acute appendicitis? - ANSWER-Meckel's diverticulum Which piece of equipment is required for administration of a Bier block? - ANSWER- Double-cuffed tourniquet Which subcategory of drug preparation is a combination of two liquids that cannot mix? - ANSWER-Emulsion What is the average normal respiration rate for children? - ANSWER-18 to 30 The introduction of radiopaque contrast medium into an artery or vein is called a/an: - ANSWER-Angiography What anatomical structure must be approximated after a colectomy to prevent herniation of abdominal contents? - ANSWER-Mesentery To prevent density, instrument sets should not exceed: - ANSWER-25 lbs When surgically treating hydrocephalus, where is the shunt placed? - ANSWER-Lateral ventricle Which of the following is a type of uterine fibroid? - ANSWER-Leiomyoma The ureters enter the bladder medially: - ANSWER-From the posterior aspect The pathogen that most often causes postoperative surgical site infections is: - ANSWER-Staphylococcus aureus Which organ is the most frequently injured during a motor vehicle accident? - ANSWER- Spleen Where would the surgical technologist find pertinent information for "pulling" a case? - ANSWER-Preference card Suture material that becomes encapsulated by fibrous tissue during the healing stage is: - ANSWER-Non-absorbable If a mentoplasty is being performed, the surgical technologist should confirm a prosthesis is available for the: - ANSWER-Chin Which of the following means cell "eating"? - ANSWER-Phagocytosis Which nerve could be damaged when the patient is placed in Fowler's position? - ANSWER-Sciatic What is the correct order for donning OR attire? - ANSWER-Hair cover, Scrub suit, Mask, Shoe covers The cranial nerve responsible for hearing and balance is the: - ANSWER-VIII Which of the following is not a a hemostatic agent used in orthopedic surgery? - ANSWER-Xeroform Which of the following is responsible for disseminated intravascular coagulation? - ANSWER-Endotoxin The copper wire in the electrosurgical unit that allows the flow of free electrons is called the: - ANSWER-Conductor At the end of a procedure, the surgeon asks for the local anesthetic to inject intra- articular. Where is the surgeon injecting the local drug? - ANSWER-Within joint Which preoperative diagnostic test is useful in diabetic patients with small vessel arterial disease? - ANSWER-Plethysmography Which of the following is the most effective method for sterilizing items that can be damaged by steam sterilization? - ANSWER-Ethylene oxide The mandible articulates with which bone? - ANSWER-Temporal What could result from crossing the patient's arms across his/her chest in the supine position? - ANSWER-Interference with respiration Which of the following is incorrect when preparing a paper-plastic peel pack? - ANSWER-Instruments are held together with autoclave tape within the peel pack Which of the following degrees in Celsius equals 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit - ANSWER- 37 When the surgical technologist is preparing surgical instruments for transport to the decontamination room, which statement is incorrect? - ANSWER-Instruments with multiple parts should be assembled If a short bone is being removed from the wrist due to arthritis, what is being removed? - ANSWER-Carpal Which of the following heals by contraction, granulation and connective tissue? - ANSWER-Delayed closure Before transporting instruments to the decontamination room, what should the surgical technologist complete? - ANSWER-Presoak instruments in detergent solution Which solution is best for presoaking instruments in the OR at the end of a procedure? - ANSWER-Enzyme A mesh that is contraindicated in the presence of infection is: - ANSWER-PTFE Which of the following provides additional protection to prevent contamination of a sterile package? - ANSWER-Dust cover The stripes on a team chemical indicators change to what color upon exposure to sterilization parameters? - ANSWER-Black For which fracture is the instrument shown below best used? - ANSWER-Radius During a kidney transplant, the renal vein of the donor kidney is anastomosed to the: - ANSWER-External iliac vein Which procedure corrects testicular torsion? - ANSWER-Orchiopexy Pain, heat, redness and swelling indicate which of the following conditions? - ANSWER- Inflammation Which clamp is most often used to grasp the appendix? - ANSWER-Babcock The inner lining of the uterus is the: - ANSWER-Endometrium Which type of dressing washes or wears off after several days? - ANSWER-Collodian A patient requires a stat cesarean section. Which of the following might be omitted? - ANSWER-Counts Which of the following is the first action to be taken following a needle stick? - ANSWER-Remove needle from the sterile field Which of the following drapes is used for a thyroidectomy? - ANSWER-Transverse Testosterone is secreted by the: - ANSWER-Leydig cells When a surgeon is using a Kocher subcostal incision, which muscle is divide by electrosurgery? - ANSWER-Rectus abdominis What are the boundaries of the skin prep for a total hip arthroplasty? - ANSWER-Level of umbilicus to foot Which of the following are abdominal skin prep perimeters for an exploratory laparotomy? - ANSWER-Nipple line to midthigh Which of the following is the main reason for wearing the OR attire? - ANSWER-Limit spread of microbes Which of the following substances are absorbed in the stomach? - ANSWER-Alcohol A laparotomy drape is placed on the left side inguinal area of the patient, but should have been placed on the right side. What should be done to correct the error? - ANSWER-Remove drape and place new drape on right side Which stapling device would be used during an esophagectomy to divide the esophagus? - ANSWER-TA Movement disorder diseases caused by radiation therapy are characterized by destruction of the: - ANSWER-Myelin sheath During which procedure would a Gigli saw possibly be used? - ANSWER-Craniotomy A surgeon indicates that she may place a shunt during a carotid endarterectomy. What should the surgical technologist have available in the OR? - ANSWER-Javid What is the best synthetic substitute for stainless steel? - ANSWER-Polypropylene Which of the following microorganisms is used within the biological indicator for ethylene oxide sterilization? - ANSWER-Bacillus atrophaeus What does the suffix -itis mean? - ANSWER-Inflammation To prevent peel pack pouches from opening during sterilization, the surgical technologist should: - ANSWER-Force out air from pouch Retention bridges are used to: - ANSWER-Prevent heavy sutures from cutting into the skin During a CABG procedure, the saphenous vein is sutured to the: - ANSWER-Coronary artery Which of the following would be used to remove the lamina during a laminectomy? - ANSWER-Kerrison rongeur What category of instruments are a Hibbs and Hohmann? - ANSWER-Retractors Which drain should the surgical technologist have available for insertion into the common bile duct during an exploration? - ANSWER-T-tube A padded footboard is used in which surgical position? - ANSWER-Reverse Trendelenburg The inner lining of the gastrointestinal tract is composed of which type of tissue? - ANSWER-Epithelial Which of the following statements is incorrect when double peel packing an item(s) for sterilization? - ANSWER-Inner peel pack is folded If a surgeon performs a surgical procedure without the patient having signed the consent form, the surgeon can be charged with: - ANSWER-Battery Spores are a: - ANSWER-Form assumed by bacilli Which of the following applies to a patient who suffers a burn due to improper placement of the patient return electrode? - ANSWER-Unintentional tort Which graft material does not require pre-clotting for placement during an abdominal aortic anerysmectomy? - ANSWER-PTFE Which of the following structures is located in the alveolar processes? - ANSWER-Teeth Which of the following is the wound classification for a bronchoscopy? - ANSWER- Clean - Contaminated The enzyme used to soften the zonules of the lens before cataract surgery is: - ANSWER-Alpha-chymotrypsin How should the stretcher be oriented when necessary to use an elevator to transport a patient to the OR? - ANSWER-Enter head first, exit feet first Which of the following is a curved, transverse incision across the lower abdomen frequently used in gynecological surgery? - ANSWER-Pfannenstiel When perforated metal trays are placed on the shelves of the steam sterilizing cart, they should be positioned: - ANSWER-Flat Hyperkalemia is a high concentration of: - ANSWER-Potassium Which of the following tissues are cut using curved Mayo scissors? - ANSWER-Fascia Which laser beam can travel through clear tissues without heating them? - ANSWER- Argon Permission for treatment given with full knowledge of the risks is a/an: - ANSWER- Informed consent Which portion of the stomach surrounds the lower esophageal sphincter? - ANSWER- Cardia Low level disinfectants kill most microbes, but do not destroy: - ANSWER-Spores Syndactyly refers to: - ANSWER-Webbed fingers The surgical pack utilized to create the sterile field should be opened on the: - ANSWER-Back table The islets of Langerhans secrete: - ANSWER-Insulin What type of procedure would involve the removal of teeth? - ANSWER-Extractions Which organism is a normal resident flora of the intestinal tract? - ANSWER-Escherichia coli A topical steroid used to reduce inflammation after eye surgery is: - ANSWER-Depo- Medrol How is the surgical informed consent signed if an adult patient is illiterate? - ANSWER- Patient marks with an "X" and witness verifies What direction should the stretcher be oriented when transporting a patient to the OR department? - ANSWER-Feet first, side rails up Which of the following routine preoperative laboratory studies would be ordered for premenopausal women with no history of hysterectomy? - ANSWER-HCG Which portion of the surgical gown is considered non-sterile? - ANSWER-Upper arms, neckline and axillary region What is the name of the urinary catheter with a small, curved tapered tip used on patients with urethral strictures? - ANSWER-Coude What is the surgical position commonly used for thyroid and gallbladder surgery? - ANSWER-Reverse Trendelenburg A congenital defect in which the fetal blood vessel between the pulmonary artery and aorta does not close is: - ANSWER-Patent ductus arteriosus Which of the following is a commonly used preservative for tissue specimens? - ANSWER-Formalin What is the first step taken for an incorrect sponge count? - ANSWER-Notify surgeon The mumps may be diagnosed by finding inflammation in which of the following glands? - ANSWER-Parotid What institutional document is completed when an adverse or unusual event takes place in the OR that may have legal consequences for the staff or patient? - ANSWER- Incident report For which procedure would Trendelenburg position provide optimal visualization? - ANSWER-Hysterectomy Which of the following is a non adherent dressing? - ANSWER-Adaptic Which of the following is a fenestrated drape? - ANSWER-Aperture Which of the following terms describes a hernia that occurs within Hesselbach's triangle? - ANSWER-Direct Which of the following incisions is oblique? - ANSWER-Kocher Which of the following dilators are used in the common duct? - ANSWER-Bakes Which of the following is a mechanical method of hemostasis? - ANSWER-Ligature The organ that is connected by a duct to the duodenum is the: - ANSWER-Pancreas A brain tumor causing alteration of muscle tone, voluntary muscle coordination, gait and balance would likely be located in the: - ANSWER-Cerebellum What is the term for a relationship that benefits one organism at the expense of another? - ANSWER-Parasitism What type of disease is characterized by rapid onset and a rapid recovery? - ANSWER- Acute Which organelle is responsible for the production of energy? - ANSWER-Mitochondria What type of anesthesia is a combination of inhalation and intravenous drugs? - ANSWER-Balanced Who is ultimately responsible for obtaining the surgical informed consent? - ANSWER- Surgeon What position is most commonly used for neurosurgical procedures? - ANSWER- Supine The outer layer of the intestine is the: - ANSWER-Serosa Which of the following solutions should be used to prep the donor site for a split- thickness skin graft? - ANSWER-Chlorhexidine What type of drape would be used for a flank procedure? - ANSWER-Transverse Where should the safety strap be placed on a patient who is in the supine position? - ANSWER-Over the thighs Which surgical procedure is performed to correct an abnormality in which the urethral meatus is situated on the superior aspect of the penis? - ANSWER-Epispadias repair Which termal method of meostasis utilizes intense, focused light? - ANSWER-Laser What is the most common cause of intracerebral hemorrhage? - ANSWER- Hypertension The larynx is located between the: - ANSWER-Pharynx and trachea The most common cause of retinal detachment is: - ANSWER-Trauma What postoperative complication is associated with total hip arthroplasty? - ANSWER- Pulmonary embolism Which of the following is a type of passive drain? - ANSWER-Penrose The vocal cords are located in the: - ANSWER-Larynx What type of acquired immunity is a vaccination? - ANSWER-Artificial active When would the anesthesia provider request cricoid pressure? - ANSWER- Endotracheal intubation Which instrument would be used during a keratoplasty to remove the cornea? - ANSWER-Trephine What is the required minimum number of individuals to transfer an incapacitated patient from the OR table to the stretcher? - ANSWER-4 Which of the following regulations states that blood and body fluids should be considered infectious? - ANSWER-Standard Precautions Which of the following is a major source of distress for toddler and preschool age patients being transported to the operating room? - ANSWER-Separation anxiety Which structure has oral, nasal, and laryngeal divisions? - ANSWER-Pharynx Otoplasty is performed to correct a congenital deformity of which structure? - ANSWER- Ear An injury a patient sustains as a result of the care given by a healthcare professional is called: - ANSWER-Iatrogenic The highly vascular layer of the eye that absorbs light rays and nourishes the retina is the: - ANSWER-Choroid According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following is the patient satisfying when he/she trusts the surgical team's abilities? - ANSWER-Safety Which aneurysm usually develops between the renal and iliac arteries? - ANSWER- Abdominal aortic The agent used to flush an artery to prevent clotting is: - ANSWER-Heparin In what circumstances would cell-saver transfusion be contraindicated? - ANSWER- Cancer procedures Use of intraluminal (circular) stapler (EEA) would be indicated for which of the following surgical procedures? - ANSWER-Sigmoidectomy Satinsky, Kerrick, and Mayo clamps may be specifically used on which of the following structures? - ANSWER-Kidney pedicle The nasal cavity is divided into two portions by the: - ANSWER-Septum Which of the following is used by the surgeon to intermittently remove prostatic tissue fragments during a TURP? - ANSWER-Ellik evacuator Which type of hematoma is a result of torn bridging meningeal veins? - ANSWER- Subdural In addition to temperature, time and moisture, what is the fourth factor that determines the outcome of the steam sterilization process? - ANSWER-Pressure The Bowie-Dick test is performed: - ANSWER-Daily The spiral, conical structure of the inner ear is the: - ANSWER-Cochlea What is the name of the condition in which a loop of bowel herniates into the Douglas's cul-de-sac? - ANSWER-Enterocele Which of these conditions is characterized by a fleshy encroachment of conjunctiva onto the cornea? - ANSWER-Pterygium Which procedure would be listed in the OR schedule for a patient undergoing surgical treatment of uterine fibroids? - ANSWER-Myomectomy Where is a Baker's cyst located? - ANSWER-Popliteal fossa Which of the following is method of high-level disinfection? - ANSWER-2% glutaraldehyde for 20 minutes Another name for the tympanic membrane is the: - ANSWER-Eardrum What is the burn degree classification that involves the epidermis and subcutaneous tissue? - ANSWER-Third Which portion of the ear is affected by Meniere's syndrome? - ANSWER-Inner The cartilaginous nasal septum is anterior to which bone? - ANSWER-Vomer The most reliable method for determining the efficiency of moist heat sterilizers is the controlled use of biological indicators containing the organism: - ANSWER-Bacillus stearothermophilus Which neurosurgical pathology would a myelogram diagnose? - ANSWER-Spinal stenosis Which of the following terms means a prolapsed bladder causing a bulge in the anterior vaginal wall? - ANSWER-Cystocele How many hours must the steam sterilization biological indicator incubate? - ANSWER- 24 hours The nasal sinus located between the nose and the orbits is the: - ANSWER-Ethmoid What is the definite of otosclerosis? - ANSWER-Bony overgrowth of stapes Which of the following terms describes a fracture in which the bone penetrates the skin? - ANSWER-Compound For which of the following procedures would a McBurney incision be indicated - ANSWER-Appendectomy What degrees Celsius is the steam sterilization biological indicated incubated? - ANSWER-55-60 What is the medical term for removal of the uterus? - ANSWER-Hysterectomy Which of the following methods removes small organic particles and soil from the box locks and ratchets of instruments? - ANSWER-Ultrasonic washer What is the medical term for nosebleed? - ANSWER-Epistaxis What is the proper method for preparing a Frazier suction tip for steam sterilization? - ANSWER-Distilled water in lumen Which of the following is a telescoping of the intestines in neonates requiring immediate surgical intervention? - ANSWER-Intussusception The minimum Fahrenheit temperature for sterilization to occur in a prevacuum steam sterilizer is: - ANSWER-270-276 Fahrenheit What is the name of the procedure for the excision of the tunica vaginalis? - ANSWER- Hydrocelectomy What is the minimum number of minutes to sterilize unwrapped metal instruments with lumens in the gravity displacement sterilizer at 270 F? - ANSWER-10 minutes