Career Theory and Practice - Swanson and Fouad (Ch 1-3), Exams of Advanced Education

Download Career Theory and Practice - Swanson and Fouad (Ch 1-3) and more Exams Advanced Education in PDF only on Docsity! Career Theory and Practice - Swanson and Fouad (Ch 1-3) Frank Parson - Credited with beginning the field of career counseling in 1909 Donald Super - developer of the Career Development Theory 1953 theoretical orientation - One's general philosophical stance about the nature of personality and of therapeutic change (ex. Humanistic, CBT, family systems) theories of career development - devised to explain vocational behavior, such as initial career choice, work adjustment, or life span career progress theories of career counseling - provides counselors with direction for how to work with clients; these are more akin to theoretical orientation. Ways to communicate hypothesis - 1. tentative language 2. collaborative effort 3. reminder that it's a hypothesis Fouad and Kantamneni's Three-Dimensional - Model includes individual characteristics, group level characteristics, and societal characteristics Individual character - interests, needs, values, personality, abilities, self-efficacy, aspirations group characteristics - gender, race/ethnicity, family, role models, social class, religion, sexual orientation societal characteristics - acculturation, cultural values, opportunity structure, discrimination, schooling, barriers, labor market alpha bias - tendency toward exaggerating differences Beta bias - Theories that ignore or minimize differences Null environment - where people are neither encouraged or discouraged, just ignored Acculturation - The way individuals change, accommodate, or adopt the cultural patterns of the "host" society Discrimination - influences how a person navigates between cultures, especially when there are barriers. Selection of assessment - 1. purpose of the assessment (is it appropriate with client needs/goals) 2. technical aspects of the assessment (reliability and validity) 3. social issues (is it relevant to client) evidence of validity - indicates how well the test measures what it is intended to measure and appropriately draws inferences or conclusions. Types of career assessments - 1. measures individual against different types of careers choices (values, interests, personality) 2. looks at career development process (decision making, self-efficacy, maturity) Strong Interest Inventory (SII) - a career interest inventory based on Holland's theory; test assumes that a person who is interested in a given subject will experience satisfaction in a job in which those working in the occupation have similar interests; compares a person's interests with those of persons in same occupation. Four set scales of Strong Interest Inventory - 1. General occupational themes 2. Basic interest scales 3. Occupational scales 4. Personal style scales General Occupational Themes - Individual Interest in six broad work areas: realistic, investigative, artistic, social, enterprising, conventional; "What am I like? How do I like to work? What types of environments do I prefer?" Basic Interest Scales - reflect expressed interests in 30 broad clusters; "What do I like?" Occupational Scales - similarity of client's pattern of likes and dislikes to workers in 122 occupations; "Who am I like?" Personal Style Scales - designed to suggest particular environments in which individuals like to work and types of activities people find satisfying; ex. working with others, leadership, learning, risk, team "What am I like" Interest Profiler - a self assessment tool to discover work activities you might find exciting. Uses Holland's theory with six themes. 180 item or 60 item shorter assessment Minnesota Importance Questionnaire (MIQ) - measures 21 work related needs that are grouped into 6 values categories. (Paired comparison or rank format) Worker Importance Profiler - Similar to interest profiler. Developed to be similar to MIQ where it assesses values and importance of these values to their jobs Skills Confidence Inventory - 60 item assessment looks at level of confidence an individual has in completing tasks associated with 6 General Occupational Themes from