200 NBDHE Mock Board Questions WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS, Exams of Nursing

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200 NBDHE Mock Board Questions WITH

COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

Sensory impulses from a toothache are likely to be transmitted on Correct Answer: cranial nerve V Viruses can be distinguished from all other microorganisms by virtue of their Correct Answer: possession of only one type of nucleic acid Too little vertical angulation when taking radiographs will result in Correct Answer: elongation Which of the following describes a Class I furcation involvement? Correct Answer: A slight concavity is detectable, but no radiolucency is visible on the radiograph Systemic diseases can be associated with periodontal disease, since they can affect immune functions, inflammatory response and tissue organization. These include the genetic disorders Correct Answer: Chediak-Higashi syndrome, Papillon-Leferve syndrome, and hypophosphatasia Kaposi's sarcoma is MOST commonly located on the Correct Answer: palate Which of the following could be used for removal of burnished tenacious calculus in deep, narrow pockets with firm, fibrotic tissue Correct Answer: periodontal file Oral manifestations of bulimia include all of the following, EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? Correct Answer: Leukoedema Subgingival calculus receives its mineral content from Correct Answer: gingival crevicular fluid A dense, fibrous, raised, skin-colored lesion located on the buccal mucosa at the height of the occlusal plane is MOST likely a Correct Answer: fibroma The appearance of spongy rolled gingival margins and bulbous gingival papilla is the result of Correct Answer: accumulation of tissue fluid When radiographs are being duplicated, the duplicating film is placed closest to the light source. The greatest density of the duplicated image will occur with the longest exposure to the light source. Correct Answer: Both statements are false Periodontal debridement of the maxillary left quadrant requires administration of a local anesthetic. Which nerve block injection will NOT provide anesthesia to the area? Correct Answer: Inferior alveolar Proper ultrasonic scaling technique is BEST described by which of the following? Correct Answer: Light stroke pressure and multidirectional strokes

Infection of a primary tooth may cause Correct Answer: Turner's spot Alginate impressions are displaced from the mouth in a quick continuous movement to prevent Correct Answer: distortion of the impression The main part of the facial nerve leaves the temporal bone in the facial canal through the Correct Answer: stylomastoid foramen Facial asymmetry is commonly associated with Correct Answer: Bell's palsy A predominant bacterium in chronic periodontitis is Correct Answer: P. gingivalis A person with a history of oral herpes lesions of the lip feels a tingly sensation. The person should do all of the following, EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? Correct Answer: Spend more time in the sun A patient with congestive heart failure will MOST likely require Correct Answer: an upright seating position All of the following are characteristics of a root planning technique, EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? Correct Answer: Lateral pressure becomes progressively heavier A continuing care schedule for a periodontal patient should be determined by the Correct Answer: amount of inflammation seen All of the following drugs are antifungal and are used to treat candidiasis, EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? Correct Answer: Didanosine (ddl) Supervision of fluoride use by small children is important to prevent which of the following? Correct Answer: Chronic toxicity Which defect is the result of failure of the maxillary processes to fuse with the median nasal processes? Correct Answer: Bilateral cleft lip Complications of AIDS-associated necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis (NUP) that differentiate it from the conventional non-AIDS-associated form of NUP may include Correct Answer: sequestration of bone fragments The temporomandibular disc is attached to the Correct Answer: mandibular condyle A patient taking amphetamines is likely to exhibit all of the following, EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? Correct Answer: Mental depression During periodontal therapy the dental hygienist discussed the importance of daily dental biofilm removal with the patient and modified the patient's flossing technique. At the continuing care appointment the hygienist notes generalized bleeding and heavy dental biofilm and calculus

accumulation interproximal. Failure on the part of the patient to follow instructions given by the dental hygienist is an example of Correct Answer: contributory negligence Zinc polycarboxylate cements are used to bond enamel. Their advantage over zinc phosphate cements is their adhesive property with calcium and carboxylate groups. Correct Answer: Both statements are true A well-defined red band of marginal gingiva adjacent to a base metal crown is likely to be caused by all of the following, EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? Correct Answer: Food impaction When evaluating the relationship between sugar in the patient's diet and level of decay, the most important factor to determine in the patient's diet diary is Correct Answer: the frequency of sugar consumed All of the following are true regarding powered toothbrushes, EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? Correct Answer: Removes more dental biofilm than a manual brush When an infrabony periodontal pocket forms, the junctional epithelium Correct Answer: is apical to the crest of the alveolar bone Utilizing G.V. Black's lesion classification system, a Class III lesion would involve the Correct Answer: proximal surface of a central, lateral, or canine tooth Patients taking antihistamines for allergy symptoms may exhibit Correct Answer: sedation Alcoholism is treated pharmacologically with Correct Answer: disulfiram (Antabuse) The initial vascular response during acute inflammation is initiated by the release of Correct Answer: histamine The following are major causes of temporomandibular joint disorder, EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? Correct Answer: trimus Which one of the following collimator types can MOST effectively reduce scatter radiation to the patient? Correct Answer: Rectangular Sufficient frictional heat can be generated by rubber cup polishing to cause discomfort to a patient. Frictional heat from the rubber cup can be controlled (reduced) by use of a light touch, rapid patting or sweeping motion, high speed, and wet abrasive agent. Correct Answer: The first statement is true, the second is false When radiographs are taken during the first dental visit of a 5-year-old with clinical signs of decay and anterior crowding, the bitewing radiographs should be exposed before the occlusal films. Positioning for the mandibular occlusal radiograph requires that the patient's head be tipped back approximately 90 degrees. Correct Answer: Both statements are false

When suspecting abuse of a child or dependent adult, what should the dental hygienist do first? Correct Answer: Report suspicions to the local authorities such as Social Services On the day an HIV-positive patient is scheduled for an oral prophylaxis, the dental hygienist feigns illness and goes home. This is an example of Correct Answer: unethical conduct A radiographic sign of periodontal breakdown is the presence of Correct Answer: fuzziness of the alveolar crests Which of the following microorganisms has been shown to predominate in localized aggressive periodontitis? Correct Answer: A. actinomycetemcomitans Immune protection of mucous membranes from infection is most closely associated with Correct Answer: IgA antibodies A new patient is found to have a suspect lesion covering one half of the floor of the mouth and part of the ventral surface of the tongue. The lesion is a mixture of velvety-red areas and white hyperkeratotic-appearing areas. The MOST likely course of action would be to recommend Correct Answer: incisional biopsy Which would be the MOST appropriate treatment for a healthcare worker who is the victim of a needle stick injury involving a hepatitis B-positive patient? Correct Answer: Passive immunization with pooled human gamma globulin The principal origin of the middle and lower face is the Correct Answer: mandibular arch The active ingredient in many prescription in-home whitening kits is Correct Answer: carbamide peroxide Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis Correct Answer: is characterized by fever, ulcerating vesicles, and pain A patient has a non draining periodontal abscess and reminds the dentist that she is allergic to penicillin. Which of the following drugs could be prescribed by the dentist as an adjunct to manage the patient's safely? Correct Answer: Doxycycline (Doxycin) Radiographically, a jaw fracture will appear as a radiolucent line. Internal resorption appears as a radiolucency within the pulp or dentin of a tooth. Correct Answer: Both statements are true For a patient taking medication daily for hypertension and no other conditions, the dental concern is Correct Answer: greater chance of syncope While walking a patient from the reception area to the operatory, the patient becomes noticeably out of breath. Which of the following actions SHOULD occur next? Correct Answer: Allow the patient to rest for a few minutes before proceeding to the chair, review his medical history, and

make treatment decisions based on additional information obtained from the patient and physician consultation The dental hygienist has been asked to discontinue instrument sharpening because of cost concerns. All of the following are concerns associated with use of dull instruments, EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? Correct Answer: Infection control All of the following are true to pit and fissure sealants, EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? Correct Answer: Indicated when proximal decay exists The MOST important thing to remember when sharpening instruments chair side is Correct Answer: to use a sterile stone Oral irrigants are effective for all of the following, EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? Correct Answer: Removing attached dental biofilm Of the following teeth, which one is MOST frequently congenitally missing? Correct Answer: Maxillary lateral incisor During an extraoral examination, swollen lymph nodes are detected beneath the chin. Which lymph nodes are these? Correct Answer: Submental The maximum accumulated dose of radiation that a 38-year-old dental hygienist should receive is Correct Answer: 100 Rem The ideal angle for insertion of a curette into a periodontal pocket in preparation for a scaling stroke is Correct Answer: 0 degrees The need to increase the dose of a drug to produce the same drug effect is called Correct Answer: drug tolerance An isolated port-hole defect in bone that exposes the underlying root of the tooth is referred to as a Correct Answer: fenestration Blood-soaked gauze is considered biomedical waste an must be sterilized or incinerated. Blood- and saliva-contaminated gloves must be washed before being discarded in the trash. Correct Answer: The first statement is true, the second is false The triceps brachia muscle functions to straighten (extend) the elbow joints. The muscle Correct Answer: inserts on a bone of the forearm, the ulna Treatment for xerostomia in a patient may include Correct Answer: cholinergics For which emergency listed below would it be better NOT to use oxygen? Correct Answer: Hyperventilation

Candida albicans is known or suspected to cause all fo the following denture-related problems, EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? Correct Answer: Epulis fissuratum A patient completing a two-week regimen of amoxicillin for a periodontal abscess complains of a sore mouth. The examination reveals a thick white coating on the palate and buccal mucosa. This coating is most likely Correct Answer: candidiasis Stenosis of the bicuspid valve is likely to initially cause a backup of blood in the Correct Answer: left atrium, pulmonary veins, and lungs All of the following affect image sharpness, EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? Correct Answer: Exposure time Embryonic cells trapped in fusion lines during facial development may become Correct Answer: cysts A patient indicates a current history of herpes zoster. What is the condition? Correct Answer: shingles Hypothyroidism can result in Correct Answer: slow tooth eruption Which one of the following is the BEST aid for dental biofilm and debris removal in an area where the interdental papilla is missing? Correct Answer: interdental brush Glycolysis is a pathway for Correct Answer: breaking-down glucose to pyruvate During the intraoral and extraoral examination, which of the following findings would be of greatest concern? Correct Answer: Fixed, non-movable mass of the deep cervical lymph nodes The largest group of principal fibers of the periodontal ligament (PDL), which prevents tilting and dislocation of the tooth, is the Correct Answer: oblique group All of the following are effects of periodontal pocket lavage by an ultrasonic scaler, EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? Correct Answer: Creating a smooth root surface A patient presents with a blood pressure of 90/70 and a pulse rate of 65. The patient states that he is in training for the upcoming charity marathon race. What should the dental hygienist advise the patient about his blood pressure and pulse? Correct Answer: Both blood pressure and pulse rates are the norm for this patient During a review of the patient's dental history, the dental hygienist learns that tooth #8 was traumatized during a bicycle accident about 6 months ago. The tooth was sensitive for a week but is not sensitive now. All anterior teeth respond similarly when tested with palpation, percussion, and cold. It would be reasonable to conclude that at this time, the tooth pulp Correct Answer: is normal

A patient is a hepatitis B carrier. Which one of the following is an appropriate way to prevent cross-contamination? Correct Answer: Avoiding use of ultrasonic scaler Professional treatment of root dentinal hypersensitivity may include all of the following, EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? Correct Answer: Zinc-oxide eugenol When a radiograph is only partially immersed in developer but fully immersed in fixer, the resultant processed film will exhibit a black area. Radiographs that are inadequately rinsed after fixing will develop yellow-brown stains later. Correct Answer: The first statement is false, the second is true Which of the following palpation technique best describes bidigital palpation? Correct Answer: Tissues are grasped between finger(s) and thumb to examine tissues An infrabony pocket in which the facial and lingual alveolar bone is missing is classified as a(an) Correct Answer: two-walled pocket For removal of a heavy ledge of calculus on the lingual surface of the mandibular anterior teeth, which of the following is the best tip and power combination? Correct Answer: Standard tip at medium to high power Polishing of amalgams helps prevent corrosion and improves longevity of amalgam restorations. Overheating of the amalgam during polishing can result in damage to odontoblasts. Correct Answer: Both statements are true Endogenous intrinsic stain is associated with all of the following, EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? Correct Answer: caries Nicotine stomatitis presents in the oral cavity as Correct Answer: tiny nodules with red center and diffuse grayish white coating Following posterior superior alveolar nerve block injection, a patient complains of inadequate "numbing" and receives additional cartridges of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine. The patient begins to tap incessantly, exhibits restlessness and becomes drowsy, and then suffers a convulsion. These symptoms are MOST likely a(an) Correct Answer: toxicity reaction to the local anesthetic agent Sulcular epithelium is generally Correct Answer: nonkeratinized A newly processed radiograph appears light. this is most likely due to Correct Answer: cold developing solution Cushing's syndrome is associated with obesity, hirsutism, and moon face. This condition is caused by Correct Answer: overproduction of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

A patient requires a prophylactic antibiotic regimen due to a history of infective endocarditis. He is allergic to penicillin and takes warfarin (Coumadin). The American Heart Association (AHA) regimen of choice for this patient is Correct Answer: clindamycin (Cleocin) Opsonins are Correct Answer: molecules that stimulate phagocytosis If a deposit of calculus is difficult to remove with an ultrasonic scaler, which of the following should be adjusted? Correct Answer: Power level Which of the following conditions is NOT associated with tongue thrusting? Correct Answer: Gingival recession Essential amino acids are defined as such because they Correct Answer: cannot be synthesized by the body Patients with fixed orthodontic appliance often need extensive instruction in dental biofilm control methods to remove the more virulent bacterial dental biofilm they develop. A daily self- applied fluoride treatment should be a standard recommendation for these patients to prevent decalcification and caries Correct Answer: The first statement is false, the second is true A film has good density when produced at 10 mA and 6/10 second. At 15 mA, what exposure time is needed to maintain the density? Correct Answer: 0.4 second Which one of the following will produce a film with low contrast? Correct Answer: High kVp Hormones produced by the pancreas include Correct Answer: insulin and glucagon To correct closed contacts on a radiograph, one would adjust Correct Answer: horizontal angulation Which external landmark helps determine central ray placement when the hygienist is exposing a radiograph of a maxillary canine Correct Answer: Ala of the nose Junctional epithelium attached to the tooth surface by the epithelial attachment Correct Answer: separates the periodontal ligament form the oral environment Area specific curette "X" has a shank with complex angles and is designed for use in a periodontal pocket of 5 mm or less in depth. What design characteristic would need to be changed for instrument "X" to work well in pockets over 5 mm in depth? Correct Answer: Terminal shank length A fracture of the zygomatic bone is a fracture of the Correct Answer: face Which of following nerves is a branch of the mandibular nerve? Correct Answer: Inferior alveolar

A component of gram-negative bacteria that functions as a potent endotoxin is Correct Answer: lipopolysaccharide When the hygienist is placing a periodontal dressing over a surgical site, the pack material should be pressed into the inter proximal spaces. No pack material should be placed above the height of contour of the teeth. Correct Answer: Both statements are true Which vitamin deficiency during pregnancy may contribute to a spinal birth defect in the infant? Correct Answer: Folate Which of the following is noted during finals week with stressed college-students that involves a bacterial infection with oral ulceration, pain, and fever. Correct Answer: Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis A structure that is composed of polysaccharide molecules and is responsible for adherence of bacteria to surfaces such as teeth is called a Correct Answer: glycocalyx What viral disease exhibits fever, lymphadenopathy, malaise, and palatal petechiae? Correct Answer: Mononucleosis A malignant tumor with etiology directly related to exposure to sunlight is a(an) Correct Answer: basal cell carcinoma All of the following are true about anaphylaxis, EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? Correct Answer: Occurs only in adults Signs, symptoms, and side effects of type 1 diabetes mellitus include all of the following, EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? Correct Answer: Rapid weight gain and increased salivation The swelling associated with an infection involving the lingual of a maxillary second molar is often located in the submental space. Ludwig's angina is a cellulitis that can be caused by the speed of a dental infection from the submental space. Correct Answer: The first statement is false, the second is true Proper control of infection when the hygienist is producing a study model requires Correct Answer: disinfection of the impression Hutchinson's triad is a result of congenital infection with Correct Answer: Treponema pallidum In a class II, Division II occlusion, which of the following would be present within the dentition? Correct Answer: One or more maxillary anterior teeth would be retruded, and the mandible would be retruded The initial vascular response during acute inflammation is initiated by the release of Correct Answer: histamine

Which one of the following bacteria influences root caries? Correct Answer: Actinomyces viscosus When a tooth is etched for sealant placement, primary teeth are etched for a longer period than are permanent teeth. Rinsing a saliva-contaminated etched surface immediately before sealant placement will remove the contamination Correct Answer: The first statement is true, the second is false The dental biomaterial bis-GMA is the Correct Answer: resin in pit and fissure sealants During exploratory strokes made with either a curette or explorer, the modified pen grasp should be kept very light so that the hygienist can feel the vibration created as the instrument moves over the tooth. There is a correlation between the tightness of the grasp on the instrument and the amount of lateral pressure applied against the tooth. Correct Answer: Both statements are true Which one of the following is a coating material on dental implants that improves bonding with bone? Correct Answer: Hydroxyapatite When the direction migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes toward attracting molecules such as bacteria is impaired, the condition is referred to as a(an) Correct Answer: chemotactic defect All of the following muscles are responsible for opening and closing the jaws, EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? Correct Answer: Thyrohyoid Bifurcated roots are common to maxillary first premolars. Mandibular second premolars often have three cusps Correct Answer: Both statements are true What characteristic do chronic periodontitis and localized aggressive periodontitis share? Correct Answer: Loss of attachment Secretions of the parotid gland are noted to be Correct Answer: primarily serous Mrs. Smith has a history of hypertension and takes medication to treat it. She complains that her gums look swollen, and an intraoral exam reveals gingival overgrowth. The medication causing this adverse reaction is most likely Correct Answer: nifedipine (Procardia) The common factor that enhances colonization of dental plaque (biofilm) by a bacterial species is the Correct Answer: ability to adhere through a specialized mechanism Which of the following oral manifestations, when it persists longer than one month in the oral cavity, is recognized by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to be AIDS defining? Correct Answer: Herpes simplex virus lesions With which condition in Sjogren's syndrome most commonly associated? Correct Answer: Xerostomia

Mucosa of the oral cavity floor is considered Correct Answer: lining mucosa For a mandibular removable partial denture with calculus on the anterior replacement teeth, the preferred method of professional cleaning would be to Correct Answer: use an ultrasonic bath with a tartar remover solution John was concerned and went to his physician, since he could not shake what he thought was the flu. He tested negative for HIV 6 months after an exposure to the virus. When he was tested again 6 months later, however, the results were positive. If an error, the first test result was Correct Answer: false negative A collimator on an x-ray unit Correct Answer: restricts the size of the x-ray beam Purpura in the oral cavity describes a Correct Answer: reddish purple discoloration On a mandibular first molar, a furcation is located in the Correct Answer: cervical third of the root, buccally Magnification on dental radiographs can be decreased by Correct Answer: increasing the source-object distance The process of copying genetic information from DNA to RNA is called Correct Answer: transcription Accurate shadow casting requires meeting all of the following rules, EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? Correct Answer: Greatest tooth-film distance Use of an air-polish is contraindicated because of the possible systemic absorption of sodium bicarbonate for patients with all of the following conditions, EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? Correct Answer: Immunosuppression Providing the patient active involvement in treatment decisions is an example of Correct Answer: autonomy At the post treatment evaluation following initial debridement therapy of 12 periodontal pockets of 5 to 6 mm depth, two areas of bleeding are found. The next step should be Correct Answer: retreatment of bleeding areas and reevaluation in a month After quadrant scaling, the patient is unable to close his jaw and complains of severe pain. This condition is called Correct Answer: subluxation Which of the following situation can ensure that the instruments are being properly sterilized in the dental office? Correct Answer: Biological indicators test negative

Which of the following gypsum products has the lowest compressive strength? Correct Answer: Type I Immediate (Type I) hypersensitivity is associated with all of the following, EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? Correct Answer: Release of T cell chemical mediators The number of furcation's in a maxillary first molar is Correct Answer: three When a patient experiences a seizure, all of the following should be done, EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? Correct Answer: Restrain the patient to minimize movement One of the following medications does not cause gingival hyperplasia. Which one is the EXCEPTION? Correct Answer: Diuretics Epstein-Barr virus is the causative agent in verruca vulgaris and condyloma acumminatum. Surgical excision is the primary treatment modality. Correct Answer: The first statement is false, the second is true The calculus-controlling ingredient in some tartar control dentifrices is Correct Answer: pyrophosphate A patient who receives radiation therapy to the oral cavity and salivary glands may experience lifelong Correct Answer: salivary gland dysfunction and risk of osteoradionecrosis All of the following are true of localized aggressive periodontitis, EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? Correct Answer: Heavy dental biofilm buildup and inflammation are evident Although epithelial healing after surgery takes place in approximately 7 days, complete osseous healing may take up to Correct Answer: 4-6 months A composite restoration of the mesial contact area of tooth #11 is a Correct Answer: Class III restoration Panoramic radiographs are LEAST useful for detecting Correct! Correct Answer: Interproximal bone loss One of the following does NOT interfere with the quality of a local anesthetic injection? Which on is the EXCEPTION? Correct Answer: Medical history of liver disease An advantage of glass ionomer cement over composite restorations is Correct Answer: better cervical retention Lactose intolerance is a condition caused by a deficiency in the enzyme lactase. Lactase has the ability to break down lactose into Correct Answer: glucose and galactose Which film speeds listed require the LEAST exposure time? Correct Answer: E or F

Which allergic reaction may be characterized by laryngeal edema, nausea, hypotension, and diarrhea? Correct Answer: Anaphylaxis Which salts deposit in bacterial dental biofilm to form calculus Correct Answer: Phosphate and calcium When a patient is being transferred from a dental chair to the wheelchair the dental chair should be how far from the wheelchair? Correct Answer: The same height as or slightly lower than the wheelchair Which one of the following statements regarding the subgingival environment is TRUE? Correct Answer: Nutrients for subgingival dental biofilm are derived from crevicular fluid and blood products All of the following instrument types should be avoided on dental implants, EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? Correct Answer: Plastic instruments T lymphocytes are Correct Answer: bound to antigens with their membrane-associated T-cell receptor A retrognathic jaw position with anterior overbite is referred to as Correct Answer: Class II, division I Which of the following best describes effective adaptation of the curette against a tooth surface? Correct Answer: Toe third of the blade contacts the tooth at all times Testlet 1 The city homeless shelter houses 559 adults males, 124 adult females, and 97 children under the age of 18 years. Fewer than 2% of sheltered adults hold full-time employment. City officials have recently implemented an employment-training project for the homeless. Based on results of a survey of prospective employers, the project will provide participants with assistance in reading and writing skills, resume and interview preparation, personal hygiene, appropriate attire, and working skills. Several dental hygienists and dentist have volunteered to assess the oral health needs of the project participants using the OHI-S. The OHI-S is used to measure all of the following, EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION? Correct Answer: Demineralization Every 9th adult listed on the alphabetized roster of shelter residents will be selected for assessment of oral hygiene needs. This sampling method is known as Correct Answer: systematic All project participants received a toothbrush and dentifrice. What is the MOST efficient way to provide oral hygiene instructions to participants? Correct Answer: Lecture and demonstration

After watching a toothbrushing demonstration the residents will be able to perform the modified Stillman's toothbrushing technique. The "condition element" of this objective is Correct Answer: after watching a toothbrushing demonstration A resident's behavior is modified when the resident Correct Answer: habitually brushes and flosses daily Nearly 46% of project participants gained full-time employment within 3 months of project completion. Eighty-two percent of those remained employed for at least 2 years. This is an example of project Correct Answer: evaluation The BEST measure of the effect of an oral health program is Correct Answer: health improvement Testlet 2 A middle-school administrator is concerned about the increased frequency of cigarette smoking among the sixth through eighth grade students in her school. She asks her dental hygienist to develop a program for raising the awareness of the dangers of smoking. To determine the current level of smoking behavior and awareness of the danger of smoking, the dental hygienist asked each student in the seventh grade to answer a six-item questionnaire. Two weeks later, the dental hygienist gave a presentation on the general and oral health dangers of cigarette smoking to all seventh grade students. Two weeks following the presentation, the seventh grade students were given a questionnaire containing the same items as on the pre-test. The questionnaire given to students before the presentation on smoking dangers serves as the Correct Answer: control Which one of the following inferences can be made from this study? Correct Answer: Significant learning occurred regarding the relationship of smoking to infant birthweight Discussion of which one of the following smoking-related issues would MOST appeal to this population? Correct Answer: Halitosis Educating children about tobacco use and its effects is an excellent way of teaching them the dangers of smoking. This will ensure that the children will avoid cigarette smoking in future Correct Answer: The first statement is true, the second is false The number of middle school students who began smoking in 2008 is considered Correct Answer: incidence Students who attend the "dangers of cigarette smoking" presentation will decrease their use of cigarettes. This statement is an example of a(an) Correct Answer: hypothesis Testlet 3 Residents in this middle-class, East Coast community have an average annual income of $27,000. Public facilities include a regional medical center, skilled nursing facilities, nursing

homes, home health services, dental clinics, and a psychiatric facility. There are 12 elementary, 2 middle, and 3 high schools, as well as a vocational/technical school, a community college, and a university. The region has a moderate climate. Ten years ago, anti fluoridation legislation was passed and the city water fluoridation was discontinued. Currently, the water contains less than 0.3 ppm natural fluoride. The local elementary schools participate in a weekly fluoride mouth- rinsing program. Some local dentists and pediatricians prescribe fluoride supplements, but compliance is low. A study to determine the caries and periodontal status of community residents by age is being planned. Which sampling method can best accomplish this task? Correct Answer: Stratified random Which epidemiological index would be the BEST choice for evaluation caries prevalence of the senior population? Correct Answer: Root caries index (RCI) What is the recommended dosage of supplemental fluoride for a 5-year-old child in this community? Correct Answer: Supplementation of 0.5 mg/day Prior to assessing the dental needs of the residents, two examiners practice performing the index on four volunteers. the examiners compare their techniques and results with each other until both examiner feel their techniques are equivalent. This is an example of Correct Answer: calibration A comparison of the dental caries rate in two groups of students (those who received a prescription supplemental fluoride and those who did not) found a 3x higher rate of caries in those who did not receive supplemental fluoride than in those who did. This is an example of Correct Answer: correlation analysis Which one of the following has the MOST influence on dental utilization rates? Correct Answer: Socioeconomic status When influenza "X" reached the East Coast this week, thousands of school aged children and institutionalized elders were hospitalized with high fevers, dehydration, and pneumonia. the BEST epidemiological term to describe this occurrence is Correct Answer: epidemic Which of the following nerves supplies the intrinsic muscles of the tongue Correct Answer: Hypoglossal