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3CX

Prerequisites: Operating Systems - correct answer Linux Debian 10 (amd64 architecture)

• Raspberry Po Raspbian (up to 24SC/30 users)
• Microsoft Windows 10 64 bit (Pro or enterprise)
• Microsoft Windows server (2019, 2016) Prerequisites: Linux Operating System - correct answer - Linux OS dedicated to 3cx
  • no other software installed
  • NO DNS
  • NO VPN Prerequisites: Hardware - correct answer - Bare Metal or VM or Cloud provider
• minimum resource requirements: https://www.3cx.com/docs/recommended-hardware-specifications-for-3cx/
• resources depend on use case -call recordings--> HHD size and speed Prerequisites: Networking (LAN) - correct answer - RFC 1918 compliant internal network
  • allows HTTP access to PBX
  • SIP communications with IP address of PBX
• Simplicity beats over Engineering
  • 1 network interface
  • 1 IP address
  • disable unused adapters
• wired network connection

Prerequisites: Networking (WAN) - correct answer - configurable firewall

• knowledge on how to configure your own firewall
• Internet access -static IP brings many benefits
  • NO HTTPS proxy
  • NO SSL deep inspection
  • Allow outbound traffic Prerequisites: A Key - correct answer all installs require a license key
• 3 types of Licenses
  • standard (3cx FQDN and SMTP only
  • Pro (recordings, queues, bridges, reports, CRM, Hotel
  • Enterprise (Advanced recording control, customization of phone logo, standby license, Failover 3CX Domain - correct answer - use yes, i will use a 3cx supplied FQDN
• Enter hostname for installation
• select 3cx suffix PBX Ports - correct answer Web server
• HTTPS - default 5001 (local LAN and WAN
• HTTP - default 5000 (only local LAN - based on RFC 1918) SIP server - Default 5060 Tunnel - Default 5090 ports only configurable during installation Internal IP or FQDN - correct answer If managed network
• create a record
• point to Local Lan IP of PBX
• Select "yes, i have a DNS server and will configure a single FQDN...

• enter a record in the PBXconfigTool If Unmanaged Network (Router is DNS and DHCP) -select "no, Ido not have a DNS server and will use a local IP Web Based Setup Wizard - correct answer Country
• sets voicemail number
• allows calls to country of installation Timezone
• sets OS timezone (Linux only) set system time manually on windows
• sets default Timezone for IP phones Firewall Configuration - correct answer 3CX will not configure your firewall NAT & Ports - correct answer - translates Public (ipv4) to private addresses) NAT/PAT
• allows access or restricts it (ACL's)
• required to allow connections to 3cx from: Providers, 3cx apps, 3cx SBC and Bridges, STUN phones
• IPv6 is supported --> ipv6 masquerading (NAT) is not supported --> IPv6 Firewall rules (ACL) needed if used Full Cone NAT - correct answer - 3cx PBX requires Full Cone NAT
• allows incoming traffic from uncontacted sources
  • required for: VoIP provider (multiple IP's) Mobile devices (routed IP's) Home offices (dynamic IP's Port Preservation - correct answer - Internal Source Port = external source port
• Protocol (SIP/SDP) defines the Port --> not the transport header (unique to VoIP)

• ensures connectivity
• eliminates destination implementations Disable SIP ALG - correct answer ALG = Application Layer Gateway (Firewall)
• inspects content of packages
• tampers uncontrollably with content
• made for clients NOT servers Setup for Providers - correct answer - Inbound NAT ports required:
• SIP port (can only be changed during installation
• Default: 5060 UDP/TCP
• Audio ports: range 9000 - 10999 UDP (includes webRTC Audio Range) Setup for 3cx Apps, SBC and Bridges - correct answer Inbound NAT Ports required (can be changed during installation)
• tunnel port (combines SIP and Audio traffic) = Default 5090 tcp/udp
• HTTPS port (presence) default 5001 tcp Setup for 3cx Web meeting - correct answer -Inbound NAT port required: HTTPS 5001 (default) tcp
• Allow outbound traffic (if restricted)
• WMR Server: used to choose MCU
• MCU servers: to create the meeting, get the recording, etc Remote IP Phones (STUN) & WebClient (in SIP mode) - correct answer Inbound NAT ports (can be changed during installation)
• SIP: (default) 5060 udp/tcp
• Audio: 9000 - 10999 udp (includes WebRTC Ports)
• provisioning: (default) 5001 tcp Web client:

• HTTPS: default 5001 tcp
• audio: 10500 - 10999 udp Teams Integration - correct answer Inbound NAT Ports required:
• Secure SIP: 5062 TCP
  • If teams SBC FQDN domain = 3cx FQDN Domain --> 5061 TCP is used instead
• Audio: 9000 - 10999 UDP Messaging - correct answer Inbound NAT port required
  • HTTPS 5001 (default) TCP Remote Configuration Wizard - correct answer Inbound NAT ports required
  • HTTP 5015 TCP
  • only for the duration of the host setup Sending the welcome email - correct answer Admin triggers welcome email ( or automatically sent upon extension creation)
• Contains: web client URL, username and password, 3cx app provisioning file, qr code 3cx Web Client - correct answer login using the URL and credentials from the welcome email
• login using google or Microsoft SSO credentials 3cx Web Client Features - correct answer - view status of other users from the People tab
• active calls from the portal 3cx Apps - Welcome Email Provisioning - correct answer 'Based on Email attachment'
• admin triggers Welcome Email (or automatically sent up extension creation)
• user receives email w/ 3cxconfig attachment
• 3cx app imports config

Provisioning (configure and IP phone) - correct answer provisioning is the process of passing a predefined set of settings onto a device. In this case to an IP phone. This decreases the administration time per device and eliminates setup errors, never configure a device manually. PnP Provisioning - correct answer - boot up the desktop phone (or 3cx app)

• from management console -->phones node
• Select the "Bold" entry
• Assign to existing extension or Add new Extension BLF - correct answer Busy Lamp Field Green = the monitored extension is idle and not in a call Flashing = the monitored extension is in a ringing state Red = the monitored extension is in an active call Supported VoIP Provider - correct answer We recommend that you use a supported VoIP Provider as they have been tested with 3CX. All supported providers have passed 3CX's InterOperability Test, or IOT as we call it, which means the provider's infrastructure is 100% compatible with our software and they have also committed to jointly support the solution. SIP Trunk - correct answer A method where business phone systems operate using an internet connection instead of a traditional phone line. Two types of authentication to providers:
• registration based (username and password IP based (routing done from provider to Public IP or PBX - no authentication DIDs (Direct Dial In) - correct answer provide callers with additional numbers they can dial to reach your system. Inbound DIDs - correct answer - Set name for DID
• Pick the DID from the drop down

• then choose where the call is going to be routed during in office and out of office hours, hit ok Outbound Rules - correct answer give the admin a way to control how a call will be routed. This can be done based on the dialed number, the extension trying to make the call, the extension group the dialing extension is in, or even the length of the dialed number Create an Outbound rule - correct answer Management console --> outbound rules --> add
• a name is mandatory for an outbound rule. In the "calls to numbers starting with prefix" criterion field, enter "0-9,+". This will tell 3cx to allow any calls starting with any dialed number or the "+" character If the provider in in the 1st route is busy or not available? - correct answer Busy = exceeded maximum calls allowed through trunk Unavailable = not received a response within 32s from trunk --> PBX tries to place call on next route Emergency Numbers - correct answer Make sure that you do not have users with those numbers --> if you use 3-digit user numbers --> do not create users 112, 911, 999, 000 etc 3cx Management console --> settings --> general --> emergency numbers Common Set-up Errors and Symptoms - correct answer Outbound call drops after 32s
• Firewall check not passed
• wrong public IP
• active SIP ALG One way audio (you cannot hear but can speak)
• firewall check not passed
• wrong public IP Voicemail quota - correct answer A quota for voicemail usage can be assigned in order to limit the amount of disk space is used by the voicemail files. When the quota is assigned, the admin will want to

be notified when the quota is nearing its use. An email can be sent to the admin when the quota is nearing its full use and the percentage of quota can be configured to trigger the sending of the email. Voicemail security - correct answer Authentication to the voicemail system can also be disabled in some cases, where you will just need to call the voicemail extension to receive messages from the phones provisioned on the specific extension, without entering a PIN number. Calling to the voicemail system from another extension, or from outside, via a DID will still require authentication with the PIN Number. Types of Digital Receptionists - correct answer Standard: simple menu options (0-9, direct dialing) DTMF Input: more complex routing options Launch Script: able to trigger external scripts Wake Up: Digital receptionist used for reminder/wake up calls Creating a Standard Digital Receptionist - correct answer Management Console--> digital receptionists --

Add

• Digital Receptionist's name
• type of Digital receptionist
• prompt: the audio file that will be played
• Language --> will override the default the Default System Prompt Language for the rest of the Specific Call Digital Receptionist Menu Options: Call by Name - correct answer this feature provides the caller with the option to call an extension, even if they do not know the extension number
• requirements: create self identification prompt
• when more than 1 match (<10) : plays Self ID prompt for each match : prompt caller for selection Digital Receptionist - Direct Dial - correct answer - ability to dial a User without a Menu Option
• only available in the Standard Type Digital Receptionist
• Interdigit Timeout --> 2 seconds

Disabling Direct dial

• use digital receptionist type which is not standard Digital Receptionist - No or Invalid User Input - correct answer No Input
• Timeout
• when timeout is reached --> normal menu options (except play prompt and Exit) Invalid Input
• the PBX provides the option to transfer to either an extension, a ring group, another digital receptionist, or to repeat the prompt. Holiday Digital Receptionist - correct answer Predefined Digital Receptionist
• triggered automatically on Global Holidays
• Same digital receptionist menu options available Ring Group - correct answer a virtual extension, which merges multiple extensions together. Like the Sales dept.
• 2 Strategies
• Ring all strategy: will ring all the extensions which are part of the ring group at once.
• Prioritized hunt = will call the extensions in the ring group one by one in the order which they are defined in the list. Ringing Strategy - Prioritized Hunt - correct answer always rings first available member in the list first.
• next available Member in the list after Ring Time.
• Skips Busy / Not registered members
• If no answer --> Destination if No Answer Ringing Strategy - Ring All - correct answer will ring all available agents, that is, agents which are not already in a call, simultaneously for the duration of the ring timeout

Ring Group Options - correct answer - the destination if no answer is a preconfigured destination, which calls overflowing from a Ring Group will be routed to in case a call is unable to be serviced by the Group's members.

• A call can be dropped if it is not serviced by the ring group.
• You can connect the call to a user or system extension, which may be another ring group, a call queue or a digital receptionist as well
• divert the call to a voicemail box of an extension
• a call can also be forwarded to an outside number Missed Call Handling - correct answer Depends of Ringing Strategy: Ring all
  • Destination if no answer: all notified
  • Member answers: No one notified Prioritized Hunt
  • Destination if no answer: all notified
  • Member answers: previously rung members notified Dropped Call Handling - correct answer Depends on ringing strategy: Caller Drops call:
  • Ring all: all notified Prioritized Hunt:
  • Polled members notified Paging Groups - correct answer will also merge multiple extensions under one virtual extension number, but instead of ringing the phone, it will open the speakers of the phones automatically, to allow the caller to make a broadcast.
• a one way transmission from the caller to the paging group extensions. The called extensions will not be able to communicate back to the caller.
• Alert and Multicast

Paging: Alert or Multicast - correct answer - alert paging group is configured with up to 64 members possible to be added to the group.

• works with Local devices, remote STUN devices, and remote SBC devices
• Multicast paging groups can only be configured with local desktop IP Phone extensions. Multicast traffic will only be able to traverse the local network, so remote extensions receiving multicast traffic is not possible.