Medical Terminology Exam Questions and Answers, Exams of Nursing

Download Medical Terminology Exam Questions and Answers and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! 3P High Stakes Exam with verified answered question 2024 updated.  Horner's syndrome - Correct answer When examining the eyes, the right pupil reacts briskly to light, near effort, and is much smaller than the left pupil. This condition is most likely:  Paralysis of oculomotor cranial nerve (CN III) - Correct answer Dilated pupil is fixed to light and near accommodation  Argyll Robertson pupils - Correct answer Pupil appears small and irregular shaped and accommodate but do not react to light.  Seizure - Correct answer uncontrolled electrical activity in brain, may produce minor physical signs, thought disturbances or disturbed motor activity or combination of symptoms.  Dystonia - Correct answer neurological disorder, causes involuntary muscle spasms & twisting of limbs.  Bradykinesia - Correct answer impaired ability to adjust to one's body position.  Femoral vein - Correct answer The great saphenous vein enters the deep venous system via:  The Abduction (Valgus) stress test - Correct answer Maneuver the evaluates function of medial collateral ligament (MCL)  Gray matter - Correct answer The thalamus and basal ganglion are located in the:  Facial tics - Correct answer brief, repetitive, stereotyped, coordinated movement occurring at irregular intervals (repetitive winking, grimacing and shoulder shrugging)  Daughters of women who took Diethylstilbestrol (DES) during pregnancy are at high risk for developing: - Correct answer columnar epithelium that covers most or all of cervix vaginal adenosis, circular collar or ridge of tissue between cervix & vagina.  Flexor group - Correct answer Group of muscles that lie anteriorly and flex the thigh  Thymus, thyroid gland & anterior part of pericardium - Correct answer The anterior mediastinal lymph nodes drain lymphatic fluid from the:  The breasts, upper part of the abdominal wall, upper part of back, pectoral region & upper limbs - Correct answer Axillary lymph node drainage are includes:  trauma, surgery & intranasal use of cocaine or amphetamines. - Correct answer Possible causes of nasal septum perforation:  the peau d'orange (orange peel) sign - Correct answer thickened skin with enlarged pores. First seen in lower portion of breast or areola. Visible sign of breast cancer.  Median Nerve - Correct answer provides sensation to palm, palmar surface of most of thumb, second & third fingers & half of 4th digit.  Ulnar Nerve - Correct answer Innervates half of 4th digit & 5th digit  Radial Nerve - Correct answer innervates dorsal web space of thumb & index finger  Fibrous joints - Correct answer Have intervening layers of fibrous tissue or cartilage holding bones together (sutures of skull)  Cartilaginous joints - Correct answer Joints have bones connected by cartilage. (hyaline or fibrocartilage).  slightly movable.  Symphysis pubis & vertebrae - Correct answer Examples of cartilaginous joints  Mechanical neck pain - Correct answer Aching pain in the cervical paraspinal muscles and ligaments with associated muscle spasm, with associated stiffness and tightness in the upper back and shoulder, lasting up to 6 weeks.  No associated radiation, paresthesias, or weakness.  Headache may be present.  Mechanical Neck pain-Whiplash - Correct answer Paracervical pain & stiffness begins day after injury. Accompanied by occipital headaches, dizziness & malaise  Cervical radiculopathy - Correct answer nerve pain caused by pressure on the spinal nerve roots in the neck region  Symptoms: sharp burning or tingling pain in neck & one arm with assiciated paresthesias.  Subscapular nodea - Correct answer Lymph nodes that drain lymphatic fluid from posterior chest wall & portion of upper arms.  Chlamydia - Correct answer Which genital infection can cause cervicitis, PID, tubal factor infertility & ectopic pregnancy in women if untreated  Glaucomatous cupping - Correct answer A pale disc with backward depression in characteristic of  HPV type 6 & 11 - Correct answer Which types of HPV causes most cases of genital warts?  HPV type 16 and 18 - Correct answer Which types of HPV lead to majority of cervical cancer cases?  Upward & deep to the quadriceps muscle - Correct answer Suprapatellar pouch of the knee lies:  Between the patella & overlying skin - Correct answer The prepatellar bursa lies:  Ptosis - Correct answer Lateral deviation of the eye  Cranial nerve III paralysis - Correct answer Impaired movements when attempting to look upward, downward or inward  Extra-articular disease - Correct answer This typically involves difficulty with selected regions of the joint & types of movement  Scapulohumeral muscle group - Correct answer Group of muscles including supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor & subscapularis:  35 to 37 weeks gestation - Correct answer When should a vaginal swab of group B streptococcus be obtained in a pregnant woman?  External auditory canal & middle ear - Correct answer The conductive phase of hearing involves the:  Cochlea & the cochlear nerve - Correct answer Sensorineural phase of hearing involves the:  White matter - Correct answer The part of brain tissue the consists of neuronal axons that are coated with myelin is the:  Histrionic personality disorder - Correct answer A mental health condition characterized by over-the-top behavior like mental outbursts, noisy display of temper, compulsive attention seeking & self-centered actions is:  Bronchovesicular - Correct answer Breath sounds heard on chest over the hilar region are:  vesicular breath sounds - Correct answer Breath sounds heard over periphery of the lung field are:  Near apex of the heart between 5th & 6th intercostal space in the mid-clavicular line - Correct answer In an adult patient, auscultate sounds from mitral valve:  Median Nerve - Correct answer Nerve in the arm located in ventral forearm, medial to the brachial artery in the antecubital fossa  Ulnar Nerve - Correct answer Nerve runs posteriorly in the ulnar groove between the medial epicondyle & olecranon process  Radial Nerve - Correct answer originates in axilla, travels down the arm in a shallow depression (radial groove) on surface of humerus.  Wernicke's aphasia - Correct answer Type of aphasia where articulation is good but sentences lack meaning  Broca's aphasia (expressive aphasia) - Correct answer Type of aphasia where speech is confluent, slow with few words & laborious effort.  Frailty - Correct answer A multifactorial geriatric condition or syndrome characterized by an age-related lack of adaptive physiological capacity without identifiable illness.  Aphthous ulcers - Correct answer "canker sores"; small, painful, round or oval ulcers in the oral mucosa. White, yellowish gray in color & surrounded by halo of reddened mucosa.  Corneal arcus - Correct answer On ophthalmoscopic exam, thin grayish white arc on lower end of the cornea.  Weber Test - Correct answer Screening test to detect sensorineural and conductive hearing loss  Chadwick's sign - Correct answer Bluish purple discoloration of the cervix, vagina, and labia during pregnancy as a result of increased vascular congestion.  Aortic Stenosis - Correct answer A loud murmur with a thrill audible in right 2nd intercostal space, radiates to carotid arteries. Crescendo-decrescendo pitch audible at the apex. Murmur heard best when sitting & leaning forward.  Lateral to the head of the humerus - Correct answer The greater tubercle of the humerus is located  A ruptured Achilles tendon - Correct answer A defect in the gastrocnemus & soleus muscle with tenderness & swelling could be suggestive of:  Athetoid movements - Correct answer Involentary movements of the body that are slower & more twisting & writhing with larger amplitude than choreiform movements. Involve face & distal extremities.  Intestinal obstruction - Correct answer During auscultation of abdomen, rushes of high-pitched sounds audible & coincide with abdominal cramps are consistent with:  Peripheral artery disease - Correct answer The ankle-brachial index is a screening test used to assess risk for:  Superficial to the mastoid process - Correct answer Posterior auricular lymph nodes are located:  At the angle of the mandible - Correct answer Tonsillar lymph nodes are located:  Symptoms of internal pacemaker failure - Correct answer Dizziness, lightheadedness, hiccoughs, sudden changes in heart rate, electric shock feeling in chest  Symptoms of peripheral artery disease (PAD) - Correct answer intermittent claudication, ischemia muscle pain precipitated by predictable amount of exercise & relieved by rest, pale cool skin, cyanosis, audible bruits, diminished or absent pulses & thickened & opaque nails.  Near the apex of the heart between the 5th & 6th intercostal spaces in the mid- clavicular line - Correct answer Area to auscultate the mitral valve  eyelids, conjunctiva, & skin & mucous membrane of the nose & cheek - Correct answer The infraorbital or maxillary, buccinator & supramandibular lymph nodes drain lymphatic fluid from the:  Ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, pulmonary stenosis & right ventricular hypertrophy - Correct answer The four classic signs of Tetrology of Fallot:  Costochondritis - Correct answer Chest pain described as stabbing, sticking or dull and aching is characteristic of:  Pericarditis & pleuritic pain - Correct answer Chest pain described as persistent, sharp, knife-like is characteristic of:  Chronic renal disease - Correct answer Pallor, xerosis, pruritus, hyperpigmentation, uremic frost, calciphylaxis, "half & half" nails are skin conditions found in patients with  Candidal diaper rash - Correct answer Bright red, moist patches with sharply demarcated borders, some loose scales noted in diaper area  Dysplastic nevus - Correct answer A skin lesion that has a smooth, slightly scaly or pebbly surface with irregular edge, larger than 5mm wide & mixture of pink to dark brown colors.  Koplik spots - Correct answer Small, white spots (often on reddened background) on side of cheeks early in course of red measles, rubeola.  Superficial partial thickness burn - Correct answer Burn that's moist areas that are red to ivory white in color, blistering forming almost immediately, painful to touch.  Superficial thickness burn - Correct answer erythematous burn without blisters, usually with local pain  Deep partial thickness burns - Correct answer Burns that are dry waxy, whitish appearance & resemble full thickness burns  Full thickness burns - Correct answer Burns that involve destruction of all skin elements with coagulation of subdermal plexus, muscle and/or tendons.  A Chancre - Correct answer A painless ulceration formed during primary stages of syphilis are called:  Furuncles (Boils) - Correct answer large, tender, swollen areas caused by a staphylococcal infection around hair follicles or sebaceous glands  Ecchymosis - Correct answer Irregular shaped purplish blue lesions, does not blanch, no pulsatility.  Annular lesion - Correct answer A lesion that's circular, begins in center & spreads to periphery is called  Asteatosis - Correct answer Skin that appears dry, flaky, rough & itchy is termed  Seborrheic Keratoses - Correct answer Benign yellowish to brown, raised lesions, slightly greasy, peeling, velvety usually appear on trunk & face of elderly  Pediculosis pubis (lice or "crabs") - Correct answer Excoriations or itchy, small red maculopapulares on external genitalia suggest:  a Cavernous hemangioma - Correct answer A reddish blue, irregularly shaped, solid & spongy mass of blood vessels, present at birth & enlarges during first 10- 15 months is characteristic of:  along the margin of the upper and lower eyelids - Correct answer The lacrimal puncta are located:  Tonic Pupil (Adie's Pupil) - Correct answer When one pupil is large, regular and reacts to light much slower or is absent it's called:  Horner's Syndrome - Correct answer the affected pupil reacts briskly to light & near effort but the pupil is small  Helix - Correct answer The curved outer ridge of the auricle of the ear is known as the:  Janeway lesions - Correct answer small, nontender erythematous nodules of the palms & soles are:  Vein is twisted on the distal side of the artery - Correct answer Ophthalmoscopic exam of retina reveals AV banking. This appears as if the:  antihelix - Correct answer In the outer ear, anterior & parallel to the helix is a curved prominence (part of the auricle) known as the:  Auricle - Correct answer Part of the ear, mainly cartilage covered by skin. Has firm, elastic consistency.  Interior meatus of the nose - Correct answer The nasolacrimal duct drains into the:  middle meatus - Correct answer Most of the paranasal sinuses drain into the:  Adenoviral conjunctivitis - Correct answer Abrupt bilateral (or unilateral) with bulbar conjunctival injection, watery discharge from eyes, subconjunctival hemorrhage, eyelid ecchymosis is consistent with:  Meniere's diease - Correct answer Episodic vertical, fullness or pressure in ear with fluctuating tinnitus is consistent with:  Deep retinal hemorrhages - Correct answer Exam of fundus shows small, rounded, slightly irregular red spots embedded in the retina called:  Superficial retinal hemorrhages - Correct answer Exam of fundus shows small, linear, flam-shaped, red streaks, seen in HTN, papilledema & occlusion of retinal vein.  the incus, malleus & stapes - Correct answer Ossicles located in the middle ear consist of:  Bepharitis - Correct answer Inflammation of the eyelid margin, glands & lash follicles. Presents with red-rimmed eyes, irritation, burning, itching of eyelid margin & mucous discharge with crusting & scaling of lid margins:  Acute iritis - Correct answer Moderate aching deep within eye, small, irregular pupils, decreased vision & photophobia. Clear or cloudy cornea with injection confined to corneal limbus is consistent with:  Anisocoria - Correct answer a condition in which the pupils are unequal in size  Acute angle closure glaucoma - Correct answer Severe, deep eye pain. Dilated & fixed pupil, cloudy cornea with no discharge:  Vitreous floaters - Correct answer On ophthalmoscopic exam, dark specks or strands between the fundus & lens.  Bullous myringitis - Correct answer Patient presents with earache, blood tinged discharge from ear & hearing loss. Findings reveal painful hemorrhagic vesicles on tympanic membrane & ear canal. This is suggestive of:  Dacrocystitis - Correct answer inflammation of the lacrimal sac. Presents as painful, red & tender area around eye near nose & lower eyelid.  Scotomas - Correct answer Lesions appear in retina or visual pathway of certain area of field of vision indicate:  AV tapering - Correct answer Ophthalmoscopic exam showing vein "winds" down on either side fo the artery indicating:  Xanthelasma - Correct answer Slightly raised, yellowish, well-circumscribed plaque appearing on nasal area on one or both eyelids is consistent with:  Kawasaki disease, scarlet fever, folic acid & vit B12 deficiencies, bacterial toxic shock syndrome & geographic tongue - Correct answer What are the 5 medical reasons for appearance of strawberry tongue  Ectropian - Correct answer Term defined as outward turning of the lower eyelid exposing the palpebral conjunctiva  Liver disease - Correct answer Jaundice, spider angiomas, palmar erythema, Terry's nails, pruritus, purpura & caput medusae are skin conditions associated with:  Epigastric hernia - Correct answer A small midline protrusion in the linea alba is consistent with:  Intussusception - Correct answer A 9-month old presents with poor appetite, 2 episodes of vomiting, 3 blood stools w/ mucus & knee drawn to abdomen with screaming. These are clinical manifestations of:  cirrhosis - Correct answer An enlarged liver with a firm, nontender edge may be suggestive of:  Right hypogastric area - Correct answer A positive obturator sign would elicit pain in the:  A pilonidal cyst - Correct answer When examining the buttocks & rectum, a small tuft of hair surrounded by a halo of erythema at the sacral area would most likely be:  Hepatic cirrhosis - Correct answer Dilated periumbilical collateral veins in the mid and upper abdomen are associated with:  pot belly, spleen located 2cm below LCM, tinkling sounds every 10-30 seconds, liver approx 1-3cm below RCM. - Correct answer What are normal abdominal assessment findings of a 2-year-old?  borborygmus - Correct answer Bowel sounds that are rumbling or gurgling noises audible without a stethoscope are:  anal abscess - Correct answer During a rectal exam, a tender, purulent, reddened mass not at the anal opening is consistent with:  Hepatitis C - Correct answer Intravenous drug use, sexual intercourse & transfusion of unscreened contaminated blood can transmit:  the bite of a blood-sucking insect - Correct answer Helminths (worm-like organisms) can be transmitted by:  esophageal dysphagia - Correct answer A patient instructed to point to location of pain, points just below the sternoclavicular notch which likely indicates:  Lead toxicity - Correct answer occupation as a plumber, history of gout, living near a busy highway or hazardous waste dump and residing in a home built before 1978 are risk factors for developing:  Sequestration crisis - Correct answer In sickle cell anemia, sudden tachypnea with LUQ tenderness on palpation indicates:  Von Willebrand disease - Correct answer Ecchymosis, menorrhagia, recurrent epistaxis, petechiae & hemorrhage can by symptoms of:  green leafy vegetables, meat from animal sources, fruits, nuts, liver & foods containing yeast - Correct answer Foods high in folic acid include:  Pinguecula - Correct answer harmless yellowish triangular nodule noted in the bulbar conjunctiva on either side of the iris.  Pterygium - Correct answer Triangular thickening of the bulbar conjunctiva (has blood vessels) grows slowly across the outer surface of the cornea, usually from nasal side.  Testicular torsion - Correct answer Teenage male presents with Sudden, severe, unilateral scrotal pain, likely diagnosis is:  Testicular cancer - Correct answer Cryptorchidism is a risk factor for:  Prompt an urge to urinate - Correct answer When examining the prostate gland the examiner should inform the patient that this procedure may:  Papule - Correct answer What is an elevated, firm & circumscribed lesion that is 5mm or smaller?  a hydrocele - Correct answer When the scrotum is transilluminated in a 4 month old boy, it lights up brightly. This findings is consistent with:  Psoriasis - Correct answer A plaque with positive Auspitz sign (pinpoint bleeding when lesions scraped) would be consistent with:  Leukocoria - Correct answer Term for whitening of pupil  Five Major Steps to Intervention (5 As) - Correct answer What are Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist and Arrange?  Delirium - Correct answer Acute, abrupt-onset confusional state characterized by disorientation, disturbed perception, emotional disturbance, attention & concentration  Somatic symptom disorder (SSD) - Correct answer Extreme anxiety about physical symptoms (pain, fatigue) that causes intense thought & behaviors that interfere with daily life is classified as:  Disulfram (Antabuse) - Correct answer Medication that produces a sensitivity to alcohol that results in highly unpleasant reaction (nausea, vomiting)  frailty - Correct answer A multifactoral geriatric condition or syndrome characterized by an age-related lack of adaptive physiological capacity occurring in the absence of identifiable illness is known as  Functional impairment - Correct answer A health condition in which the normal function of a part of the body is less than full capacity, interfering with managing day-to-day tasks.  Histrionic personality disorder - Correct answer A mental health condition characterized by over-the-top behavior, emotional outbursts, noisy displays of temper, compulsive attention seeking & self-centered actions:  Antisocial personality disorder - Correct answer Mental health condition characterized by habitual & pervasive disregard or violation of rights & considerations of other without remorse:  Borderline personality disorder - Correct answer Mental health condition with pervasive pattern of instability with interpersonal relationships, self-image and affect & marked impulsivity:  Russell's sign - Correct answer A sign defined as calluses on the knuckles or back of hand due to repeated self-induced vomiting  Bulimia nervosa, anorexia nervosa and binge eating disorder. - Correct answer Assessment findings of Russell's sign are indicative of:  Sarcopenia - Correct answer Loss of lean body mass and strength with aging is called:  Spermatocele - Correct answer a cyst that develops in the epididymis and is filled with a milky fluid containing sperm. > 2cm, easily transilluminated, freely palpable.  Varicocele - Correct answer enlarged veins of the spermatic cord in scrotum  Hydrocele - Correct answer collection of serous peritoneal fluid within the scrotum.  -obstipation  -distended abdomen  -vomiting  -explosive expulsion of gas or stool after digital rectal exam  -anemia  Consider what diagnosis?  A rectal biopsy - Correct answer What is the gold standard for a definitive diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease?  increased intracranial pressure - Correct answer An infant with drowsiness, separated sutures on the skill, bulging fontanel & vomiting has assessment findings of:  Bacterial conjunctivitis - Correct answer An infant presents with eyelid edema, bulbar conjunctival injection, purulent/mucopurulent discharge. a possible diagnosis is:  Sturge-Weber syndrome - Correct answer A unilateral dark, purplish lesion or "port wine stain" over ophthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve may be sign of:  Turner Syndrome - Correct answer Significant edema of hands and feet & webbed neck of newborn girl may be suggestive of:  4-6 months - Correct answer At what age is it normal for a child to pick up objects using the palm of the hand only?  9 months - Correct answer A what is does a child use the thumb & pointer finger to pick up objects?  testicular enlargement - Correct answer The first sign of puberty in a male is:  Streptococcal glomerulonephritis - Correct answer A child who has blood in urine (tea-colored urine), proteinuria and recent history of strep B infection is suspected of having:  Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease - Correct answer Osteonecrosis of the capital femoral epiphysis due to interrupted vascular supply results in ischemia & altered cartilage growth. Fractures likely due to fragility of bone.  6-month-old - Correct answer Pat-a-cake and peek-a-boo is appropriate type of play for what age infant?  9-month-old - Correct answer Ball rolling, hide and seek & pots & pans are appropriate play for what age infant?  Subdural hemorrhage - Correct answer Bleeding between dura & cerebrum, retinal hemorrhages, confusion, drowsiness, headaches, possible seizures are classic symptoms of:  Cutis marmorata - Correct answer a marbled or mottled appearance of the skin of a newborn when exposed to decreased temperatures; occurs because the newborn's immature vascular system is unable to adapt to temperature changes.  Mongolian spots - Correct answer Blue-gray spots. Flat, "bruise-like" areas of skin. Usually confined to back & buttocks.  9 months of age - Correct answer Around what age would a baby first be expected to locate an object hidden from view?  Balantis - Correct answer inflammation of the glans penis  Phimosis - Correct answer narrowing of the opening of the foreskin so that it cannot be retracted  around the 7th or 8th rib - Correct answer The lower tip of the scapula is located:  where the right and left costal margins form an angle where they meet at the xiphoid process - Correct answer One of the anterior thoracic landmarks is the costal angle. It is located:  pulmonic stenosis - Correct answer A murmur heard loudest at 2nd or 3rd intercostal space, radiates to left shoulder & neck. Produces a soft intensity murmur with a cresendo-decrescendo is consistent with:  Chronic venous insuffciency - Correct answer A brownish discoloration or ulcers just above the malleolus suggest:  portal hypertension - Correct answer Signs and symptoms including splenomegaly, ascites, collateral venous channel, para-umbilical & hemorrhoidal veins, cardia of stomach & into esophagus are suggestive of:  Mitral regurgitation - Correct answer A medium, soft (or harsh) murmur is audible. It is pansystolic & heard loudest at the apex with radiation to left axilla:  Tricuspid regurgitation - Correct answer A murmur audible loudest at left sternal border with radiation to right sternal border, xiphoid are or left midclavicular line. Produces a blowing sounds, pansystolic.  Uncomplicated ventricular septal defect - Correct answer A high pitch murmur usually heard throughout systole  Innocent murmur - Correct answer Murmur heard loudest mid systole near the 2nd to 4th intercostal space between left sternal border & apex. Usually decreases or disappears when sitting  Raynaud's disease - Correct answer a peripheral arterial occlusive disease in which intermittent attacks are triggered by cold or stress  Vertebral body - Correct answer Structure that supports weight bearing anteriorly referred to as:  Osteopenia - Correct answer Decrease in amount of density in a bone  Thumb extension - Correct answer move thumb from base of 5th finger then as far away from palm as possible  Thumb flexion - Correct answer ask patient to move thumb to touch base of 5th finger  calcific tendinitis - Correct answer Involves supraspinatus tendon & inflamed subacromial bursa. Deposition of calcium salts resulting in disabling attacks of shoulder pain severely limiting motions due to pain  Adding 7 days and 9 months to first day of last menstrual period. - Correct answer Naegele's rule is calculated by:  T (term births after 37 weeks gestation), P (premature births) A (abortions) L (living children) - Correct answer Obstetric history, what is TPAL?  Plantar flexion - Correct answer This motion is powered by posterior muscle, toe flexors & the gastrocnemius muscle:  Iliac crest - Correct answer A long curved bone along the uppermost part of the ilium  Thompson test - Correct answer compression of the calf muscle while observing for plantar flexion to assess the stability of the Achilles tendon  Subtalar joint or talocalcaneal joint - Correct answer Where the talus & calcaneous meet is called  trochlear grove - Correct answer The patella slides on this grove during flexion & extension of the knee  Cervical myelopathy, cervical cord compression - Correct answer Hyperreflexia, clonus at wrists, knee or ankle, gait distrubances & positive Lhermitte's sign: neck flexion with resulting sensation of electrical shock radiating down spine.