3P Test prep | Actual Questions and Answers Latest Updated 2024/2025., Exams of Nursing

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3P Test prep | Actual Questions and Answers Latest Updated 2024/

(Graded A+)

Continuous urinary leakage or dribbling with a full bladder is referred to as? - ✔✔Overflow incontinence

1. which is formed by the liver as a byproduct of protein metabolism and eliminated entirely by the kidney? - ✔✔Urea
2. what organism in a UA would make you think it is contaminated? - ✔✔Lactobacillus (yeast)
3. Which organism in a blood culture would you make you think it is contaminated? - ✔✔Staphylococcus
4. what medication is contraindicated in pregnancy? - ✔✔Bactrim (Sulfa)
5. Cushing's syndrome is an excessive secretion of what? - ✔✔Glucocorticoids
6. how long do you treat enterobiasis? and with what medication? - ✔✔Two weeks; Ivermectin
7. what is enterobiasis? - ✔✔Pinworms
8. what is a helminthic infection? - ✔✔Worm infection
9. how would you treat a helminthic infection? - ✔✔Broad-spectrum benzimidazoles (such as albendazole and mebendazole) are the first line treatment of intestinal roundworm and tapeworm infections albendazole 400 mg po x 1 dose then repeat in 2 weeks=2 doses
10. what education do you give your patient who is taking flagyl? - ✔✔ETOH

1. what would you treat a patient presenting with bacterial sinusitis that has had symptoms over 10 days? - ✔✔Amoxicillin-Augmentin
2. Sinusitis treatment? - ✔✔Amoxicillin
3. what does mononucleosis put you at risk for? - ✔✔Burkitt's Lymphoma Hodgkin's Lymphoma Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
4. what drugs cause ototoxicity? - ✔✔Aminoglycosides (ABX that end in "cin") ASA, NSAIDS: Ibuprofen and Naproxen, Quinidine (antiarrhythmic), Cisplatin, Loop Diuretics When can lymph nodes be felt and where do they drain? - ✔✔Any inflammation or infection Left Lymphatic Duct (thoracic duct) - Drains everything except head, neck, right arm, and thorax. Drains 75% of drainage. Dumps into the left subclavian Right Lymphatic Duct- HEAD, NECK, Right ARM, and thorax. Dumps into the right subclavian
5. Where do lymph nodes in the elbow drain to? - ✔✔Up to the axillary and then back to the subclavian if you have an infection in the right hand, where will the lymph drain to? - ✔✔It will drain to the right epitrochlear node to the axillary nodes then into the right subclavian
6. A patient with Aortic Regurgitation will present with. What type of murmur is this and what would you do? - ✔✔Dyspnea and angina = Diastolic murmur.... Refer to Cardiology

1. What is the mechanism of action of prostaglandin in a patient with transposition of the great vessels?

• ✔✔To produce vasodilation and provide adequate oxygenation What is the most important thing to manage when your patient has CAD? - ✔✔CONTROL LDL (BAD CHOLESTEROL) What is a normal LDL? - ✔✔Less than 100mg/dL how to remember systolic murmurs? - ✔✔MR. Peyton Manning as MVP MR: Mitral Regurgitation PEYTON MANNING: Physiologic Murmur AS: Aortic Stenosis MVP: Mitral Valve Prolapse What is a way to remember diastolic murmurs? - ✔✔ARMS PRTS AR: Aortic Regurg MS: Mitral Stenosis PR: Pulmonary Regurn TS: Tricuspid Stenosis When you hear a S4 sound what does this indicate? - ✔✔Hypertension

1. What are signs/symptoms of aortic stenosis? - ✔✔Angina, Syncope, Heart Failure
2. What signs are significant with mitral Regurg? - ✔✔SOB, Fatigue
3. What are signs/symptoms of mitral valve prolapse? - ✔✔palpitations, chest pain

1. what sound do you hear with a mitral valve prolapse? - ✔✔Click noise
2. Where do aortic murmurs radiate to? - ✔✔down chest and up throat
3. How does an aortic murmur sound? - ✔✔loud and harsh blowing murmurCommon in the elderlycan be holosystolic: can be heard all of systole
4. When can diastolic murmurs be heard? - ✔✔in between pulse These are BAD, need stat Cardiology Workup
5. Which murmur is systolic and diastolic timed murmur? - ✔✔Tricuspid Regurg
6. What are Janeway lesions? - ✔✔Small, painless, erythematous lesions on palm or sole (macular, papular, or nodular)
7. How is pain relieved with endocarditis? - ✔✔Leaning forward
8. how do you treat endocarditis? - ✔✔Amoxicillin, Rocephin (beta-lactam) Patient has MRSA and is diagnosed with endocarditis; how will you treat? - ✔✔Vancomycin What are risk factors for PAD? - ✔✔Renal Insufficiency DM HTN What is PAD? - ✔✔Intermittent claudication (early onset)pain in legs with exercise, pain w/ walking & relief at rest usually in 2-5 mins PAIN AT REST= SEVERE PAD

What is the GOLD Standard for PAD? - ✔✔CONTRAST ANGIOGRAPHY Can fix PAD at the same time What would a baby with chlamydial pneumoniae present with? - ✔✔Cough Nasal obstruction/discharge, Tachypnea Scattered Crackles Good Breath sounds usually occurs at 1-3 months Which antibiotics do you use to treat chlamydial pneumonia? - ✔✔doxycycline or Azithromycin Which Antibiotics treat gram positive bacteria? - ✔✔Ends in "mycin" ends in "Xacin" end in "Cin" end in "cillin" What are indicative signs of appendicitis? - ✔✔McBurney's Point Psoas Sign: RLQ pain with right leg lift off table Obturator's Sign: RLQ pain with internal rotation of flexed right thigh Rovsing's sign: RLQ pain when pressure is applied to the LLQ

1. PPI"s end in? - ✔✔"prozol" H2 Blockers end in? - ✔✔"dine" When starting coumadin when should you get your first INR based off of known half-life? - ✔✔3 days (between 3-5 days after starting)Half-life 35-45 hours

what is Desferal used for? - ✔✔to decrease iron serum levels

1. What is the drug that chronically transfused Thalassemia patients use to remove excess iron from their bodies? - ✔✔Deferoxamine (Desferal)
2. What is the leading cause of death among Thalassemia patients? - ✔✔Iron Overload
3. Who would need to have decreased serum iron levels and why? - ✔✔Thalassemia patients related to chronic blood transfusions
4. If you are prescribing iron replacement to your patient, what piece of education would you give them to take with iron? - ✔✔Take on an empty stomach with Vitamin C Take in between meals or first thing in the am Patient forgot to take their coumadin 10 hours ago, what would you tell your patient? - ✔✔Go ahead and take it now, then take your next dose when due, recheck labs as normal scheduled
5. What causes chronic transmural inflammation of the GI tract, small and large intestines often involving the terminal ileum? - ✔✔Crohn's Disease Skip Lesions: deep ulcers, "Skipping" around random-cobblestone appearance, fistulas
6. What is trisomy, extra chromosome 21? - ✔✔Down Syndrome
7. hypochromic (pale (color) microcytic (small (size) anemia? - ✔✔Iron deficiency anemia
8. When should RHIG, RhoGAM, be administered to a Rh-Negative woman? - ✔✔At approximately 28 weeks W/I 72 hours after delivery of a Rh-positive infant

Anytime maternal fetal hemorrhage occurs After ectopic pregnancy After spontaneous or induced abortion

1. How would you treat UTI in NON-Pregnant women? - ✔✔Bactrim
2. How would you treat UTI in a PREGNANT woman? - ✔✔Rocephin Nitrofurantoin (Macrobid) up to 3rd trimester After 3rd trimester= Augmentin Treatment for 10-14 days
3. What medication do you NEVER give a pregnant woman with UTI? - ✔✔NO Bactrim (Sulfa) or Fluoroquinolones (quinolones)
4. What is the first line treatment for pan sensitive UTI in women? - ✔✔Nitrofurantoin(not Bactrim r/t an increased resistance to ECOLI) Which medication should you not use with pyelonephritis and why? - ✔✔Nitrofurantoin should not be used in acute bacterial pyelonephritis as nitrofurantoin does not reach therapeutic concentrations in the upper urinary tract, and bacteremia often accompanies this disease
5. When might you have renal tubular acidosis? - ✔✔a defect in the kidney tubes that causes acid to build up in the blood renal disease what is the gold standard for kidney stone diagnostic testing? - ✔✔Spiral CT, (EXPENSIVE)

1. How do you treat for Gonorrhea and possible Chlamydia? - ✔✔Ceftriaxone 500 mg IM x 1 + Doxycycline 100 mg BID x 7 days Ceftriaxone 500mg IM x 1 + Azithromycin
2. How do you treat Gonorrhea? ONLY - ✔✔Ceftriaxone 500mg IM x 1
3. How do you treat Chlamydia? ONLY - ✔✔Azithromycin (Zithromax) 1gm PO single dose in office
4. Trichomoniasis is what kind of pathogen? - ✔✔Protozoal
5. What are signs and symptoms of Trichomoniasis? - ✔✔Smelling, green, frothy discharge
6. Which of the following solid cancers has the best prognosis? - ✔✔Testicular Cancer r/t increased cure rate What is the first line treatment in acute gout? - ✔✔Colchicine
7. what medication prevents the gout reoccurrences? - ✔✔allopurinol what is the reversal agent for rivaroxaban (Xarelto) ad apixaban (Eliquis)? - ✔✔Andexanet Alfa (Andexxa)
8. What is the reversal for dabigatran (Pradaxa)? - ✔✔Idarucizumab (Praxbind)
9. What is Pertussis? - ✔✔Whooping Cough
10. How long does pertussis usually last? - ✔✔ 100 - day cough: 6 wks. to months

1. What antibiotics do you treat pertussis with? - ✔✔Macrolides (Azithromycin)
2. Common symptoms of pertussis? - ✔✔Conjunctival hemorrhage; facial petechia Treatment/prevention of pertussis? - ✔✔TDAP/DTAP vaccine if a patient is allergic or cannot tolerate macrolides, what another antibiotic may be used? - ✔✔Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (BACTRIM)
3. When should pregnant mothers receive their pertussis vaccine? - ✔✔ 24 - 36 weeks during pregnancy
4. A young 35-year-old presents with malaise, sore throat, dry cough, paroxysmal coughing, and a maculopapular rash. You have diagnosed them with mycoplasma pneumonia (walking pneumonia, atypical), how would you treat? - ✔✔Azithromycin (Z-Pack) macrolide
5. What is the most common organism that causes cellulitis to the deeper layer of the dermis? - ✔✔Staphylococcus aureus and group A Strep What is a Chloasma? - ✔✔melasma or the "mask of pregnancy," is a pigmentation disorder of the skin characterized by darker skin patches that primarily affect the face and other sun-exposed areas What is the most common organism that causes the superficial cellulitis or "ERYSIPELAS"? - ✔✔streptococcus
6. How do you treat erysipelas? - ✔✔Systemic antibiotics: Group A strep: PCN, Erythromycin, MSSA: Cephalosporins, Azithromycin MRSA: Clinda, amoxicillin, sulfa
7. Which body parts are affected via erysipelas? - ✔✔face and lower extremities

How would you treat acne vulgaris? - ✔✔an erythromycin base (macrolide)with benzo peroxide to decrease the resistance to erythromycin

1. What are pitted nails? What condition is it seen with? - ✔✔small pits or depressions in the nail that look like they are caused by an ice pick This is seen in psoriasis
2. what medications provide symptom management of acute gout? - ✔✔prednisone naproxen colchicine What STI is a treponema pallidum infection that penetrates intact skin or mucus membranes during sexual intercourse? - ✔✔Syphilis
3. What is macrocytic meroblastic anemia that is due to vitamin B12 deficiency? - ✔✔pernicious anemia, AUTOIMMUNE, lack of intrinsic factor r/t parietal cell destruction Which medication is an alpha 1 adrenergic antagonist? - ✔✔Terazosin (BPH medication, and HTN medication, relaxes blood vessels to allow blood to flow easily)
4. What is Finasteride? - ✔✔5 alpha reductase inhibitors.blocks conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone. decreases the size of the gland for BPH and reduces sxs.
5. how do you treat H. Pylori? - ✔✔Triple therapy - 2 SBX + PPI = 14 days Clarithromycin + Amoxicillin + PPI Clarithromycin (macrolide) + Flagyl + PPI Levofloxacin + Amoxicillin + PPI

1. What is paronychia? - ✔✔nail inflammation
2. What is the most common pathogen to cause acute gastroenteritis in adults? - ✔✔NOROVIRUS (Viral)
3. How do you treat Giardia Infection? - ✔✔Metronidazole (Flagyl)
4. What will be positive on urine dip stick indicating a UTI? - ✔✔Nitrates & Leukocytes esterase, WBC
5. How long can someone be given Pyridium to relieve symptoms? - ✔✔no longer than 3 days it can cause hemolytic anemia
6. what is involuntary loss of urine in children termed? - ✔✔nocturnal enuresis
7. which of the follow is at risk for testicular cancer? - ✔✔cryptorchidism
8. Thiazide diuretics are contraindicated in patients who have? - ✔✔sensitivity to sulfonamides gout r/t increased uric acid levels anticholinergics Benadryl oxybutynin
9. which of the following is an anticholinergic used for treatment of overactive bladder? - ✔✔oxybutynin
10. Homan's sign - ✔✔pain in calf upon dorsiflexion of foot and may indicated thrombophlebitis
11. What are side effects of anticholinergics? - ✔✔confusion, altered LOC, orthostatic hypotension, constipation, urinary retention

1. which diuretic does not promote potassium secretion? - ✔✔Triamterene, Spironolactone, Aldactone
2. Which diuretic promotes potassium release? - ✔✔Loop Diuretics Lasix bumetanide
3. which diuretic causes electrolyte disturbances NA & K? - ✔✔HCTZ Your patient c/o a rash on the breast, itching, tingling or redness around the nipple, flaking, crusty or thickened skin on or around the nipple with discharge that may be bloody or yellow with a flattened nipple, what would you suspect? - ✔✔Paget's disease: Invasive ductal carcinoma what is the tail of spence? - ✔✔"tail" of breast tissue that tapers into the axilla (Axillary tail, axillary processLateral aspect of the breast tissue that extends into the axilla) If your pregnant 32-week mother comes in and the fundal height measures 29 cm at 32 weeks, what do you suspect? - ✔✔uterine growth restriction How do you diagnose osteoporosis? - ✔✔Dexa scan Bone mineral density test (BMD), T score
4. Osteoporosis T-score or a Dexa scan? - ✔✔> If your patient has a T score on a DEXA scan that is less than - 2.5, what would you diagnose them with? - ✔✔Osteoporosis Osteopenia T score - ✔✔ 1 - 2

If your patient has a T score between - 1 and - 2.5, what would you diagnose them with? - ✔✔Osteopenia What do you recommend for a patient presenting with osteoporosis or osteopenia? - ✔✔calcium/vitamin D w/ Vitamin C weight bearing exercise why should you always screen for mood disorder/bipolar before treating for depression? - ✔✔If you give patients with a mood disorder or bipolar an SSRI it can send them into a manic phase 65 - year-old male with BPH has overflow incontinence, how would you treat? - ✔✔Tamsulosin alpha blocker antagonist (inhibit smooth muscle contraction) What is the #1 treatment for Osteoarthritis? - ✔✔WEIGHT LOSS & EXERCISE What is the #1 Pharmacological treatment for OA? - ✔✔Short acting NSAIDS (due to fewer SE) Ibuprofen (Aleve) What are assessment findings for Osteosarcoma? - ✔✔Pain and mass at the affected site of the bone What is the synovial joint with the greatest ROM in the entire body? - ✔✔Shoulder Pain with abduction (especially 60-120 degrees) is most likely due to what? - ✔✔The supraspinatus muscle (Supraspinatus tendinitis) Which test would you use to test for a meniscal tear? - ✔✔The Mcmurray test What is clouding of the lens called? - ✔✔cataract What is papilledema? - ✔✔Increase in intracranial pressure which causes elevated optic disk with blurred margins, bigger blind spot (can be seen in hydrocephalus)

What is glaucoma caused by? - ✔✔An abnormally high intraocular pressure. Your patient has been diagnosed with glaucoma which medication would you not give this patient? - ✔✔NO STEROIDS Why do you avoid steroids in a patient diagnosed with glaucoma? - ✔✔Steroids cause changes in the aqueous fluid outflow system= increased eye pressure.Steroid response can develop into steroid- induced glaucoma and cause permanent optic nerve damage

1. atient is taking a topical BB to decrease eye pressure, what medication and other diagnosis should you avoid? - ✔✔Oral BB, asthma Pinguecula / Pterygium Treatment - ✔✔Tx: Artificial tears; leave alone unless encroaching visionrefer to ophthalmology if severe Which eye injury involves a triangular pattern with fleshy tissue? - ✔✔Pterygium what age of children should you not give nasal decongestants to? - ✔✔children < 6 y/o, nasal decongestants do not work on them what does nasal decongestants not cause? - ✔✔They do not cause rhinitis What is retinopathy typically caused from? (The two biggest take a ways) - ✔✔HTN and DM
2. When should diabetics have a dilated eye exam? - ✔✔Every Year What is presbycusis? - ✔✔age related hearing loss Tension headaches do not cause what? - ✔✔N/V

What is erysipelas? - ✔✔Superficial infection that extends into the lymphatics. Lesions are erythematous, indurated with sharply demarcated margins, and have erythematous, ascending streaks.Superficial levels of the dermis Streptococcus What is the first sign of macular degeneration? - ✔✔Scotoma: Center blind spot Curving of straight lines If you suspect papilledema, what would you do for your patient? - ✔✔Send for a CT & LP IMMEDIATELY Your patient has Glaucoma, what will they see around lights? - ✔✔Halos What medication is used to treat acute (aka narrow angled glaucoma)? - ✔✔Beta Blockers The drug of choice for the treatment of attention deficit disorder in an adolescent with a history of substance abuse. - ✔✔atomoxetine (Strattera) The mechanism of action of polymyxin B / trimethoprim ophthalmic is: - ✔✔increased cell wall permeability / inhibition of nucleic acid and protein During pregnancy, the preferred choice for long-term treatment of gastroesophageal reflux is: - ✔✔ranitidine (Zantac) Which medication may be used in infants for the treatment of functional constipation? - ✔✔MiraLAX A treatment regimen for acne will only be considered ineffective after consistent adherence for at least - ✔✔8 weeks

Dosing of oseltamivir (Tamiflu) for adults and adolescents with active influenza is administered orally - ✔✔75 mg bid x 5 days Initial and routine monitoring of patients receiving Spirolactone (Aldactone) includes: - ✔✔serum potassium, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine Sertraline (Zoloft) is approved for the treatment of: - ✔✔panic disorder The most commonly reported side effect of metronidazole and clarithromycin combination therapy for H. pylori is: - ✔✔metallic taste In the treatment of COPD, common side effects of corticosteroids may include: - ✔✔hypernatremia & hypokalemia The elimination phase of pharmacokinetics is the time it takes for the plasma concentration of the drug to decrease by - ✔✔50% When treating hirsutism associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome, the best treatment is: - ✔✔spirolactone (Aldactone) Which is a rapid acting insulin? - ✔✔Aspart (Novolog) Dynacin, used in the treatment of skin infections is the brand name for: - ✔✔minocycline The recommended treatment regimen for N. gonorrhea in pregnancy is: - ✔✔azithromycin (Zithromycin) 1 Gram orally PLUS ceftriaxone (Rocephin) 250mg IM To avoid reducing the effectiveness of doxycycline (Doryx) for the treatment of epididymitis, it should not be taken with: - ✔✔Carbamazepine (Tegretol) The use of SSRIs for the treatment of depression in older adults is associate with: - ✔✔falls and fractures

The amino acid found in dairy products, fish and eggs is tyrosine. The amino acid from which tyrosine is made is: - ✔✔phenylalanine which of the following medications, when combined with pulmonary rehab enhances performance? - ✔✔tiotropium (Spiriva) Side effects of levonorgestrel (Plan B) to prevent pregnancy my include: - ✔✔nausea & vomiting Two black box warnings for ibuprofen (Motrin) are: - ✔✔CV thrombotic events and GI bleeding

1. The duration of action for Optivar (azelastine) is: - ✔✔8 hours The scientific study of origin, MOA, therapeutic uses, and toxicology is known as: - ✔✔pharmacology Late breakthrough bleeding or amenorrhea while taking an oral contraceptive may mean the contraceptive need more - ✔✔progestin In the treatment of renal insufficiency, the loop diuretic that has the longest half-life is: - ✔✔torsemide (Demadex)
2. The MOA of clindamycin (Cleocin), used in the treatment of cellulitis is: - ✔✔inhibit protein synthesis by preventing ribosomal translocation Which of the following is NOT a contraindication for Pepto-Bismol - ✔✔PCN allergy A pediatric patient who is taking valproic acid (Depakene) may exhibit toxicity symptoms which would include: - ✔✔ataxia, irritability, and somnolence

In treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease, the best medication to cover anaerobic organisms: - ✔✔metronidazole (Flagyl) The first-line treatment for mixed somatic and behavior symptoms related to severe PMS while pregnant is: - ✔✔fluoxetine HCL (Sarafem) Metronidazole (Flagyl) used in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis, is NOT appropriate for use in: - ✔✔nursing mothers MOA: Desmopressin acetate (DDVAP) used to treat nocturnal enuresis - ✔✔increases water reabsorption in the renal collecting ducts and results in an increased urine osmolality Tretinoin topical gel (Atralin) should be used cautiously in patients who are allergic to: - ✔✔fish A 55-year-old obese woman with DM2 has been receiving metformin and glimepiride daily at highest tolerated doses. Her most recent A1c is 9%. How should this be managed? - ✔✔Add a long-acting insulin at bedtime and continue metformin and glimepiride Which statement about naltrexone (Vivitrol) is correct? - ✔✔Naltrexone does not cause physical dependance Caution should be advised when taking zolpidem (Ambien) with: - ✔✔Phenergan Patients taking potassium sparing diuretics should be encouraged to take medications with - ✔✔food or milk Which of the following enzymes DOES NOT affect the first pass effect of an oral medication? - ✔✔salivary enzymes harmodynamic interactions that occur when 2 drug acts on distinct receptors is known as: - ✔✔heterodynamic competitors

1. Promethazine (Phenergan), a 1st gen antihistamine, is contraindicated in a patient with: - ✔✔Asthma At each follow u visit patients taking carbidopa/levodopa (Sinemet), the provider should inquire about: - ✔✔sudden onset of sleep, gambling, or sexual impulses The most common short term adverse effect of ropinirole (Requip) used to treat restless leg syndrome, is - ✔✔nausea, vomiting and fatigue Progestin only "mini pill" is contraindicated in women: - ✔✔with pulmonary HTN A woman in her 2nd trimester of pregnancy has not received a second MMR vaccine. when should this be given? - ✔✔at 6-week PP check