A&P 1 101 Module 2 exam 2 - Portage Learning, Exams of Nursing

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Question 1

4 / 4 pts

How many lobes does the right human lung have? Your Answer: 3 lobes Three Lobes

Question 2

3 / 3 pts

Air (and not food) pass in which of the following areas: A. Esophagus Correct! B. Nasopharynx C. Oropharynx D. Both A. and C.

Question 3

3 / 3 pts

In the respiratory system, gas exchange occurs in the: A. Bronchi B. Respiratory bronchioles C. Terminal bronchioles D. Pulmonary alveoli Correct! E. B &D

Question 4

8 / 10 pts

Label the following five items from the diagram: Label A- __________ Label C- __________ Label E- __________ Label F- __________ Label H- __________ Your Answer: A-Nasal Cavity C-Soft Palate E- Vocal Fold F- Trachea

H- Tounge Label A- Nasal Cavity Label C- Soft Palate/ Uvula Label E- Glottis Label F- Trachea Label H- Tongue

Question 5

5 / 5 pts

Note: Essay answers must clearly be in your own words. Explain what happens to the epiglottis during swallowing. Why? Your Answer: The epiglottis moves inferiorly covering the trachea to prevent food or liquid from entering the lungs. The trachea is closed by the epiglottis. The epiglottis moves inferiorly, covering the trachea. This is to prevent food or liquid from entering the lungs.

Question 6

5 / 5 pts

Note: Essay answers must clearly be in your own words. A premature baby is having difficulty producing surfactant. Explain what problems may occur and why. Your Answer: Surfactant prevents alveoli from sticking together and keeps them from collapsing during exhalation. Without surfactant breathing difficulty can occur. Breathing difficulty (respiratory distress) is likely to occur. Surfactant covers the luminal surface and keeps the alveoli from sticking together (or collapsing) during exhalation.

Question 7

2 / 2 pts

True/False: Negative pressure is used to move air into the lungs. Correct!

True False

Question 8

0 / 2 pts

True/False: During inhalation the diaphragm contracts to pull the lungs open. Correct Answer True You Answered False

Question 9

0 / 2 pts

True/False: During inhalation the rib cage is lowered pull the lungs open. You Answered True Correct Answer False

Question 10

0 / 2 pts

True/False: As the thoracic cavity expands and lung volume increases, the density of the gases filling the lungs increases. You Answered True Correct Answer False

Question 11

2 / 2 pts

True/False: As the rib cage expands during inhalation, air will naturally flow into the lungs. Correct! True (air will naturally flow into the lungs because of the negative pressure inside the lungs) False

Question 12

2 / 2 pts

Boyle's law states that gas volume is: A. Directly proportional to temperature B. Inversely proportional to temperature C. Directly proportional to pressure Correct! D. Inversely proportional to pressure E. Both A and B

Question 13

2 / 2 pts

Which one of the following tracheal cartilages are paired? Thyroid Cricoid Correct! Arytenoid

Epiglottal Hyaline

Question 14

2 / 2 pts

Which one of the following is not true of the pleurae? The pleurae are membranes that cover surfaces Parietal pleurae cover the surfaces surrounding the lungs Correct! Visceral pleurae cover the diaphragm A healthy pleural cavity is nearly empty of air or fluid

Question 15

2 / 2 pts

Which one of the following is not true of the respiratory physiology? Correct! Tidal volume is the maximum amount of air able to be inhaled beyond normal inhalation Tidal volume is the amount of air inhaled and exhaled in one cycle of quiet breathing Inspiratory reserve volume is the maximum amount of air able to be inhaled beyond normal inhalation Expiratory reserve volume is the maximum amount of air able to be exhaled beyond normal exhalation

Question 16

2 / 2 pts

Which one of the following is true of the respiratory physiology calculations? ( You may find it helpful to draw the respiratory physiology diagram on a piece of scratch paper. ) Vital Capacity (VC) = ERV+TV Correct! Total Lung Capacity (TLC) = VC +RV Inspiratory Capacity (IC) = TV+RV Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) = IRV + TV

Question 17

2 / 2 pts

True/False: Typical respiratory epithelium contains cells where only some of the pseudostratified columnar cells touch the basement membrane. True Correct! False all pseudostratified cells touch the basement membrane.

Question 18

2 / 2 pts

True/False: During inhalation, negative pressure draws air into the lungs. Correct! True

False

Question 19

2 / 2 pts

True/False: During exhalation, the diaphragm rises. Correct! True False

Question 20

2 / 2 pts

True/False: The fossae is another name for the pleural cavities. True Correct! False

Question 21

2 / 2 pts

True/False: The bronchioles are surrounded by capillaries for gas exchange. True Correct! False

Question 22

10 / 10 pts

Matching:  The pleural space fills with air, pus or blood. A. Emphysema  This condition results from fluid-filled alveoli. B. Cystic Fibrosis  This condition results in a loss of alveoli. C. Pulmonary edema  This hereditary illness results in excess mucus. D. Pleurisy Correct! The pleural space fills with air, pus or blood. D. Pleurisy Correct! This condition results from fluid-filled alveoli. C. Pulmonary edema Correct! This condition results in a loss of alveoli. A. Emphysema Correct! This hereditary illness results in excess mucus. B. Cystic Fibrosis

Question 23

4 / 4 pts

The pressure of three gases equals 1 atmosphere. What is the partial pressure of oxygen (in mmHG)if nitrogen is 100 mmHg and carbon dioxide is 150 mmHg? To receive full credit you must show your work. Your Answer: Partial Pressure of Oxygen is 510mmHg 1atm= 760 mmHg 100mmHg+ 150mmHg 760-250= 510mmHg

510 mmHG 1atm= 760 mmHg 100 mmHg + 150 mmHG + X = 760 mmHg OR: 760 - 100-150= 510 mmHG

Question 24

3 / 3 pts

Why would warming air be beneficial to gas exchange? Your Answer: It expands the air allowing it to be more available to gas exchange. It would expand the air to make it more available for gas exchange.

Question 25

3 / 3 pts

Explain why incomplete ventilation is important for effective gas exchange. Your Answer: It helps keep a constant temperature within the lungs. This increased temperature allows for greater gas exchange. Incomplete ventilation helps to maintain a constant temperature within the lungs. The increased temperature allows for greater gas exchange.

Question 26

4 / 4 pts

From widest to narrowest, the branches of the bronchial tree are: Secondary bronchi, tertiary bronchi, primary bronchi, bronchioles Bronchioles, primary bronchi, secondary bronchi, tertiary bronchi Tertiary bronchi, secondary bronchi, primary bronchi, bronchioles Correct! Primary bronchi, secondary bronchi, tertiary bronchi, bronchioles

Question 27

3 / 3 pts

In gas exchange (external respiration):

Carbon dioxide diffuses from alveoli into capillaries, oxygen diffuses from capillaries into alveoli Correct! Oxygen diffuses from alveoli into capillaries, carbon dioxide diffuses from capillaries into alveoli Oxygen and carbon dioxide is carried from alveoli into the bronchioles Oxygen is chemically transformed into carbon dioxide within the alveoli

Question 28

3 / 3 pts

The purpose of alveolar macrophages is to: Produce a lipoprotein Form a thin, simple squamous epithelium of the alveoli Produce mucous in order to trap bacteria Correct! Act as the primary immune defense within the alveoli

Question 29

10 / 10 pts

Answer the following essay question (10 points):

1. Muscular dystrophy is a neuromuscular disease which restricts the lungs from fully expanding due to muscular weakness. If a person is diagnosed with muscular dystrophy:

1. Which of the following statements regarding pulmonary function would be true?
2. Explain your answer.

A. Inspiratory capacity would be abnormally low B. Vital capacity would abnormally high C. Total lung capacity would remain the same Your Answer: A. Inspiratory capacity would be abnormally low. If someone has this condition they have muscle weakness which would not allow them to breath in a full normal breath of air into the lungs. A. Inspiratory capacity would be abnormally low Vital capacity would decrease because there is a decreased ability to bring in as much air compared to normal values because of muscular weakness. Inspiratory Capacity (IC) = TV+IRV (or) VC-ERV Decreased VC, decreased IC