A&P 1 101 Module 2 Exam (GRADED A) Questions and Answers- Portage Learning, Exams of Animal Anatomy and Physiology

Download A&P 1 101 Module 2 Exam (GRADED A) Questions and Answers- Portage Learning and more Exams Animal Anatomy and Physiology in PDF only on Docsity! A&P 1 101 Module 2 Exam (GRADED A) Questions and Answers- Portage Learning 1. How many lobes does the left human lung have?: Two lobes 2. Air (not food) pass in which one of the following areas A. Esophagus B. Nasopharynx C. Oropharynx D. Both A. and C.: B. Nasopharynx 3. Rings of cartilage line much of the respiratory tract. In which of one of the following would cartilage NOT be found? A. Trachea B. Larynx C. Bronchi D. Alveoli: D. Alveoli 4. True/false: during inhalation the diaphragm contracts to pull lungs open: True 5. True/false: Negative pressure is used to move air into the lungs: True 6. True/false: during inhalation the rib cage lifts in an upward motion to open and expand the lungs: True 1 / 9 A&P 1: MODULE 2 EXAM 7. True/false: as the thoracic cavity expands and lung volume increases, the density of the gases filling the lungs increases: False 8. True/false: when the diaphragm rises, thoracic pressure increases and air naturally flows out of the lungs: True (air naturally flows out of the lungs because of the pressure difference) 9. Which cells are most abundant within the alveoli?: macrophages 10. True/false: the fossae is another name for the pleural cavities: False 11. Boyles law states that gas volume is:: Inversely proportional to pressure 12. Which one of the following tracheal cartilages are paired?: Arytenoid 13. Which one of the following is not true of the pleurae?: Visceral pleurae cover the diaphragm 14. Which one of the following is not true of the respiratory physiology?: Tidal volume is the maximum amount of air able to be inhaled beyond normal inhalation 15. Which one of the following is true of the respiratory physiology calculations? A. Vital Capacity (VC) =TLC + RV B. Total Lung Capacity (TLC) =IRV + TV C. Inspiratory Capacity (IC) = TV- IRV D. Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) = RV+ERV: D. Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) = RV+ERV 16. True/false: the gas-exchange region in the lungs must be dry, thin and large: False (requires moisture) 17. True/false: the vestibule is the most external portion of the nasal cavity: True 2 / 9 A&P 1: MODULE 2 EXAM C. Oxygen diffuses from alveoli into capillaries, carbon dioxide diffuses from capillaries into alveoli D. Oxygen is chemically transformed into carbon dioxide within the alveoli: C. Oxygen diffuses from alveoli into capillaries, carbon dioxide diffuses from capillaries into alveoli 27. The purpose of these cells are the primary immune defense of the alveoli. A. Type I alveolar cells B. Type II alveolar cells C. Surfactant D. Alveolar macrophages: D. Alveolar macrophages 28. Explain what helps to maintain constant temperature within the lungs. Why is it important for effective gas exchange?: Incomplete ventilation helps maintain constant temperature within the lungs. It is important because the increased temperature allows for greater gas exchange. 29. Why would warming air be beneficial to gas exchange?: It would expand the air to make it more available for gas exchange. 30. The pressure of three gases equals 1 atmosphere. What is the partial pressure of oxygen (in mmHG) if nitrogen is 300 mmHG and carbon dioxide is 350 mmHG?: 1atm= 760 mmHG 760 - 300 - 350 = 100 mmHG OR - 300 mmHG + 350 mmHG + X = 760 mmHG X= 110 mmHG Answer: 110 mmHG 5 / 9 A&P 1: MODULE 2 EXAM 31. Emphysema is a disease which causes air to become trapped in the lungs upon exhalation. If a patient is diagnosed with emphysema: which pulmonary function values would be abnormally high?: Residual volume as it is the amount of air remaining after exhalation that cannot be exhaled. 32. Which one of following is NOT true of the bronchioles? A. Bronchioles can contain respiratory epithelium B. Bronchioles can contain simple squamous cells C. Bronchioles can contain fossae and mucus D. Bronchioles contain cartilage and goblet cells: C. Bronchioles can contain fossae and mucus 33. Explain what happens to the epiglottis during swallowing. Why?: The trachea is closed by the epiglottis. The epiglottis moves inferiorly, covering the trachea. This is to prevent food or liquid from entering the lungs. 34. Explain at least two differences between Type I and Type II alveolar cells: A. Type I form the very thin simple squamous epithelium of the alveoli in junction with capillaries. Make up 95% of alveolar epithelial cells. B. Type II produce and secrete pulmonary surfactant which is needed throughout the alveolar surface to keep the alveoli open. In addition, type II cells can divide to replace damaged type I cells. Makes up roughly 5% of alveolar epithelial cells. 35. A premature baby is having difficulty producing surfactant. Explain what problems may occur and why.: The lungs of premature babies have not been fully developed, therefore they don't have the ability to produce surfactant. The surfactant covers the luminal surface which helps keep the alveoli from sticking together during exhale. The lack of surfactant would cause the baby to experience breathing difficulty. 36. In the respiratory system, gas exchange occurs in the:: Respiratory bronchioles and pulmonary alveoli 37. True/false: negative pressure is used to move air into the lungs: True 6 / 9 A&P 1: MODULE 2 EXAM 38. Smoking is often the cause of this disease A. Emphysema B. Cystic fibrosis C. Pleurisy: A. emphysema 39. With this disease, mucus clogs the respiratory tract A. Emphysema B. Cystic fibrosis C. Pleurisy: B. cystic fibrosis 40. This is inflammation of the pleurae A. Emphysema B. Cystic fibrosis C. Pleurisy: C. pleurisy 41. Which part of the respiratory system is surrounded by capillaries?: The alveoli is surrounded by capillaries. Therefore, this is where the oxygen will pass from air into the blood and carbon dioxide will pass from blood into the lungs. 42. The purpose of alveolar macrophages is to:: Act as the primary immune defense within the alveoli 43. muscular dystrophy is a neuromuscular disease which restricts the lungs from fully expanding due to muscular weakness. If a person is diagnosed with muscular dystrophy. What pulmonary function would be true: Inspiratory 7 / 9 A&P 1: MODULE 2 EXAM