AACN Course Exam Study Guide for American Association of Critical-Care Nurses, Exams of Nursing

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AACN Course Exam

How does one assess a patient's chest pain? - ANSWERUse the PQRST assessment scale P (Provoke)--> What provokes or precipitates the pain? Q (Quality)--> What is the quality of the pain? R (Radiation)--> Does the pain radiate to locations other than the chest? S (Severity)--> What is the severity of the pain (on a scale of 1-10) T (Timing)--> What is the time of onset of this episode of pain that caused you to come to the hospital? Cardiac catheterization is also known as...? - ANSWERCoronary angiography Besides the diagnosis of atherosclerotic lesions or thrombus in the coronary vessels, what is cardiac catheterization used for? - ANSWEREvaluation of:

• Valvular heart disease, including stenosis or insufficiency
• Atrial or ventricular septal defects
• Congenital anomalities
• Cardiac wall motion abnormalities Describe the NPO restriction for cardiac catheterization patients - ANSWER-NPO for 6 - 12 hours before procedure
• May indicate everything except medications which should be taken with small sips of water the day of the procedure Fluoroscopy is also known as - ANSWERX-ray Two major coronary arteries of the left coronary vascular system are: Major coronary artery of the right coronary vascular system is: - ANSWER-Left anterior descending (LAD) artery and the left circumflex (LCx) artery.
• Right coronary artery (RCA) What does the cineventriculogram provide information on? - ANSWER-Ventricular wall motion
• Ejection fraction
• Presence and severity of mitral regurgitation and aortic regurgitation The percentage of blood ejected from the left ventricle with each contraction. - ANSWEREjection fraction Indications for right heart cardiac catheterization are: - ANSWER-Measurement of right sided heart pressures (suspected cardiac tamponade and suspected pulmonary hypertension)
• Evaluation of valvular disease (tricuspid or pulmonic)
• Evaluation of atrial of ventricular septal defects
• Measurement of AVO2 difference

Indications for left heart cardiac catheterization are: - ANSWER-Measurement of left sided heart pressures (Suspected left heart failure or cardiomyopathy)

• Evaluation of valvular disease (mitral or aortic)
• Evaluation of atrial of ventricular septal defects
• Diagnosis of obstructive coronary artery disease
• Identification of lesion location prior to CABG surgery Cardiac catheterization with the addition of a balloon apparatus on the tip of the catheter for revascularizing the myocardium - ANSWERPercutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) What is referred to as the acute coronary syndromes? - ANSWERAMI and unstable angina