AAMC FL 1 Full Review: Chemistry and Physics Questions with Verified Solutions, Exams of Chemistry

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AAMC FL 1 FULL REVIEW-

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C/P #1 In the chromatography of the reaction mixture, water absorbed on cellulose functioned as the stationary phase. What was the principal factor determining the migration of individual components in the sample? Chromatography - stationary phase amount of hydrogen bonding to the stationary phase will determine the relative amount of hydrogen bonding to the stationary phase will determine the relative rate of migration of the various components in the sample C/P #2 What assumption is being made if scientists conclude that aspartic acid was formed by the prebiological synthesis in the passage? C: because if apastaric acid was formed by the pre-biological synthesis then it is implied that it's reactants will be available on primitive earth as well. Answer in passage C/P #3 According to the developed chromatography plate shown below, what is the approximate Rf value of aspartic acid? Rf = distance spot moved/distance solvent front moved

C/P #7 If Reaction 2 (Figure 4) is repeated with HCl and the compound shown below, which of the following compounds is NOT a direct product (without rearrangement)? The reactions are shown in figure 4, compare the products in figure 4 to answer choices C/P #8 If a solution containing the compounds shown in Figure 4, is injected into a gas-liquid chromatograph, the first peak observed in the gc trace is attributable to which compound? Gas chromatography seperates by boiling point (molecular weight) smaller (lower molecular weight) appears first on GC trace Smaller - lower boiling point Larger - higher boiling point C/P #9 What is the product of the reaction of Compound 1 (shown below) with HBr by the pathway shown in Figure 3? Orient the groups by priority (atomic number) Highest priority has highest atomic number Positioning of H should be dashed, if wedged it will be the other configuration R- clockwise S-counterclockwise SN2 reaction, there will be an inversion of stereochemistry , therefore R configuration will become S configuration C/P #26 Why is the velocity of blood flow slower in capillaries than in arteries? total cross sectional area was greater in capillaries Fluids will flow more quickly through narrow passages and more slowly through wider ones. C/P #30 The production of a variety of opsins functions to: Confused opsins w/ rhodopsins in passage opsins were related w/ cones (detect color) C/P #31 The environment of the retinal binding site is most likely: What type of molecule is shown in Figure 1? Hydrophobic (contains carbon chains) C/P #32 The source of the phosphate groups that are added to rhodopsin is: Kinase - transfers phosphoryl groups from a different source (e.g. ATP, GTP, etc.)

C/P #33 What are the hybridization states of the carbon atoms involved in the conversion of trans to cis retinal? Comparing carbons on aldehyde group in retinal sp Compared retinal w/ retinol, wrong structure C/P #11 A person, whose eye has a lens-to-retina distance of 2.0 cm, can only clearly see objects that are closer than 1.0 m away. What is the strength S of the person's eye lens? (Note: Use the thin lens formula 1/O+1/I=S.) Thin lens equation 1/f =1/o+1/i Strategy: Did not convert to correct units, m to cm B/B #1 Based on the data presented in the passage, which statement best describes the HSP110ΔE allele? HSP110ΔE9 decreases tumor size as shown in the graph Figure 1, HSP110ΔE9 overides the activity of HSP110WT as shown in Table 2; thus, the HSP110ΔE9 allele is dominant to the HSP110WT allele B/B #2 Based on the passage, in MSI CRC primary tumor cells, the size of the deletion in the HSP T17 microsatellite is inversely correlated with: Misinterpreted passage B/B #4 Which nucleotide pairing(s) would be recognized by the MMR system during DNA replication? i. dTMP and dCMP ii. dGMP and dAMP iii. dAMP and dTMP Correct reasoning, however the question was asking for what would be detected by mismatch system, so choose the two answer choices that cannot be paired B/B #5 The information in the passage best supports the conclusion that Intron 8 of HSP110 most likely contains which of the following? Introns are going to be spliced out, therefore the intron will have a splice acceptor site

B/B #42 Pericytes were growth-arrested in Experiment 1 so that the: Pericyte growth is the independent variable , therfore would not interfere with the measurement of EC growth B/B #43 Based on Figure 1 and the passage, which of the following cells are most important in the exchange of O2 between the blood and the surrounding tissues? Endothelial cells make up the lumen of the capillary. So they must be responsible for oxygen exchange Strategy: When questions ask to look for figure, use the information for that figure only What is behaviorist theory? Learning must involve a behavioral change, learners must associate their response with a stimulus personality is the result of learned behavior patterns based on a person's environment deterministic- environment completely determines their behavior/personalities What is the humanistic theory? people are inherently good, and we are self-motivated to improve (so we can reach self-actualization) people have free will Carl Rogers What is the biological theory? components of personality are inherited, or determined in part by our genes What is the psychoanalytic theory? Psychoanalytic perspective: personality results from unconscious urges and desires

• Freud: id, superego, ego
• Jung: collective unconscious, archetypes CARS #1 (passage 1): Which of the following statements from the passage most strongly indicates that the passage was written prior to the twenty-first century?

Answer choice should note the differences between 21st century and the time period when the article was written Technology: Ex) Internet, social media CARS #3 (passage 1): Suppose the author were asked to advise a newly independent nation about the form of government it should establish. Based on the passage, the author would probably recommend: Answer choice should be supported by the passage information, selected incorrect answer due to making an assumption not in passage CARS #4 (passage 1): Consider that some groups are defined as "cults"; members of these extremist sects generally live communally and obey an authoritarian, charismatic leader. Assume that all cults have fewer than 100 members. This information would tend to weaken the passage's assertions about the: cults are extremist sects in small groups, answer should show the negative effects of small groups CARS #28 (passage 5): The assertion that reducing class sizes requires more teachers (first paragraph) plays which of the following roles in the passage? What did the assertion do? Provided an explanation supported by the passage for the substantial costs of class-size reductions CARS #28 (passage 5): The observation that some teachers use techniques that work best in small classes (paragraph 4) is used to support which of the following assertions from the passage? Answer choice is stated directly in the passage "One likely explanation is that some teachers, who already use methods well suited to smaller classes, do very well when they are actually given small classes. Their improved performance pulls up the average. " CARS strategy assertions For problems that ask "is used to support which of the following assertions from the passage", find direct evidence from the passage CARS #30 (passage 5) Assume that in a particular state, teachers at all grade levels emphasize hands- on projects and personal interactions with individual students. The passage suggests that in this state, class-size reductions would probably:

apply passage information to this scenario if teachers in all grades emphasized these techniques, then you would expect to see improvements in student performance due to class-size reductions at all grade levels, and not just in the early grades CARS #33 (passage 6) To fulfill the author's view of an exemplary professor, which of the following subject areas would be most useful for economics professors to know outside of their discipline? Answer choice from passage information "In an age when humanity's relationship to nature is so in need of careful, farsighted attention, academics do a disservice to their students, and to the future of human culture on the planet, if they do anything less." CARS #36 (passage 6) Based on information in the passage, which of the following would be the most likely reason behind the author's suggested academic reforms? Rationalized the answer choice, what was the main point of the passage A) To pay more careful attention to the relationship between humans and the world outside the classroom CARS #47 (passage 7) In the passage, the author explains that his focus is different from that of most historians because he: Answer should have been specific to the theater, chose a general trap answer that did not mention the theater Most often, historians have allowed the dreams that actors weave to take precedence over the process of weaving. They have prioritized the moment of consumption over the moment of production. However, actors' dealings with their employers, like those of many other laborers, were fraught with tension. Locked into an unequal relationship with the businessmen who controlled the U.S. theater industry C. deals with the economic realities of the theater.

D. emphasizes the unequal relationship between businesspeople and their employees. (too general does not mention theater) C/P Content: What are the different functional groups? C/P: What is the mechanism for esterification? C/P: What are the units for power? Power = Work/time W (watt) J/s N*m kg⋅m2⋅s^−