AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+, Exams of Nursing

Download AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+ and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+ normal heart anatomy - Correct Answer - base at top, apex at bottom - aortic, pulmonic, tricuspid, mitral - S1 heart sound = closure of AV valves, mitral & tricuspid - S2 heart sound = closure of SL valves, aortic & pulmonic - S3 = extra fluid, HF, preg - S4 = uncontrolled HTN, LV hypertrophy Split S2 - Correct Answer - during inspiration and expiration is bad - normal = only during inspiration where do you hear heart sounds - Correct Answer - S2 at base - S1, S3, S4 at apex Diastolic murmurs - Correct Answer - DOOM! - refer! - MS. ARD 1. mitral senosis 2. aortic regurgitation AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+ systolic murmurs - Correct Answer - only systolic murmurs radiate MR. ASS MVP mitral regurg aortic stenosis mitral valve prolapse aortic stenosis - Correct Answer - closest to neck - radiates to neck - systolic Mitral regurgitation - Correct Answer - radiates to armpit - systolic Mitral valve prolapse - Correct Answer - systolic murmur - normally hear a click - commonly seen with marfan syndrome AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+ Peak flow readings - Correct Answer height age gender HAG ASthma meds - Correct Answer - ICS-LABA PRN: intermittent - ICS-LABA daily: mild - ICS-LABA daily OR low dose ICS with LRTA (singulair): moderate - REFER to pulm: severe *budesonide-formoterol = preferred ICS-LABA combo bronchodilators - Correct Answer - "terol" steroids - Correct Answer - "ide" - "zone" AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+ COPD Dx - Correct Answer - FEV1/FVC ratio < 0.70 - s/s: barrel chest, clubbing of fingers, chronic caugh - exam: percussion hyperresonance - chronic bronchitis and emphysema chronic bronchitis or emphysema BEFORE COPD - Correct Answer = bronchodilator COPD Tx - Correct Answer - Group A: SABA or LABA - Group B: LABA or LAMA - Group C: LAMA - Group D: LAMA or LAMA-ICS *albuterol - formoterol - tiotropium - combo LAMA-ICS (trelegy) Pneumonia - Correct Answer - infiltrates and consolidation in lower lobes AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+ - exam: increased tactile fremitis - s/s: cough, fever, chills, rhonchi, wheezes pneumonia tx - Correct Answer - MAD: macrolide, amoxicillin, doxycycline = healthy outpt adults - comorbidities or abx in last 90 days = levaquin or augmentin AND macrolide CURB-65 criteria - Correct Answer - hospital admission criteria for elderly - confusion, BUN > 19, RR > 20/30, BP < 90/60, > 65 yrs - 1pt for criteria. 2 pts might be admission. 3 or greater is admission tuberculosis - Correct Answer - upper lobes - tx: usually requires tx up to a year and 3 drug tx - dx: confirmed with sputum culture AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+ - tx: only tx with abx if due to pertusis (doesn't decrease s/s but does decrease transmission) - azithromycin - vax: TDAP, DTAP - fever after vax usually due to pertusis component sinusitis - Correct Answer - s/s: recent URI, 7-10 days later roccurance of symptoms, pain bending over, unilateral toothache - tx: augmentin allergic rhinitis - Correct Answer - avoid triggers - tx: intra-nasal corticosteroids (flonase), antihistamine (benadryl) - dx: IGE anticholinergic side effects - Correct Answer - cant see, cant pee, cant spit, cant poop AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+ Thyroid function - Correct Answer - check TSH first - TSH: 0.5-5.0 hypothyroidism - Correct Answer - high TSH, low T3/T4 - tx: Synthroid -- monitor cardiac affects, start at low dose in elderly - check TSH every 4-6 wks hyperthyroidism - Correct Answer - low TSH, high T3/T4 - tx: propanolol, tapazole, PTU - PTU preferred in 1st trimester of preg then move to tapazole - PTU: frequent lab levels, mult doses per day parathyroid - Correct Answer - located behind thyroid - release PTH: calcium and phosphorus AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+ hyperparathyroidism - Correct Answer - calcium is high - phos is low - calcium high is concern for underlying malignancy subclinical hypo or hyperthyroidism - Correct Answer abn TSH and normal ts/t4 - monitor in 6 months, tx once actually hyper or hypo DM 2 - Correct Answer - dx: A1C at or > 6.5% - fasting BG, oral glucose tolerance test - refer to podiatry, ophthalmology - yearly microalbumin screening to monitor renal fxn DM 1 - Correct Answer - antibodies against beta cells - insulin dependent - can develop DKA, often upon dx - DO NOT stop insulin when sick AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+ DM meds that cause hypoglycemia - Correct Answer - sulfonoylureas (glipizide) --> avoid in elderly long acting insulin - Correct Answer - lantus, levimir addisons disease - Correct Answer - s/s: hyperpigmentation - low everything but high potassium *addisonian crisis: always carry emergency steroids cushings disease - Correct Answer - s/s: moon face, truncal obesity - high everything but low potassium lupus - Correct Answer - dx: pos ANA WITH several s/s - s/s = malar rash, sjogren's syndrome anemia - Correct Answer - normal MCV = 80-100 AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+ macrocytic anemia - Correct Answer - MCV > 100 - B12 def - Folate def FAB microcytic anemia - Correct Answer - MCV < 80 - iron def - lead - thalassemia LIT B12 anemia - Correct Answer - macrocytic MCV > 100 - s/s: neuro symptoms, tingling in hands and feet, dizziness, unsteady gait, beefy red tongue (glossitis) AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+ Folate Anemia - Correct Answer - macrocytic MCV > 100 - iron def anemia - Correct Answer - microcytic MCV < 80 - low iron levels, high total iron binding capacity levels - s/s: nail pitting, pica, fatigue, pale Thalassemia - Correct Answer - microcytic MCV < 80 - overload of iron in blood, increase intestinal absorption of iron - requires a lot of transfusions - dx: hemoglobin electrophoresis sickle cell anemia - Correct Answer - dx in infancy - microcytic MCV < 80 - sickle cell crisis: illness, dehydration, deoxygenation - tx: IV fluids, O2, pain meds +HBsAG - Correct Answer Hep B Antigen - "always growing" AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+ - tx: phlebotomy appendicitis signs - Correct Answer - rovsing - markle - blumberg - mcburneys point - obturator -psoas Rovsing Sign - Correct Answer "reverse" - palpate left and hurts on RLQ appendicits Markle Sign - Correct Answer - pain in RLQ when hops on one foot appendicits Blumberg Sign - Correct Answer - reBound tenderness AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+ appendicits Mcburney's point - Correct Answer - 2/3s distance b/n belly button and ileac crest appendicits Obturator sign - Correct Answer - internal rotation of right hip at 90 causes abd pain appendicits Psoas - Correct Answer patient rasies leg against resistence appendicits Murphy's sign - Correct Answer Cholecystitis - positive: palpate subcostal area on RUQ and pain on inspiration Cholecystitit - Correct Answer - murphys sign: pain with inspiration - dx = ultrasound - if no gallstones found, then order HIDA scan AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+ Cullens sign - Correct Answer - "center", belly button blue - intraabd bleed: pancreatitis, ruptured ectopic preg Turners sign - Correct Answer - intraabdominal bleed: pancreatitis, ruptured ectopic preg - "turn" over and see blue on flank pancrease - Correct Answer - amylase - lipase Chvostek's sign - Correct Answer - hypocalcemia - thyroidectomy with parathyroid damage - tap on face and scrunch up on one side - risk of seizure Trousseau's sign - Correct Answer - hypocalcemia - thyroidecomy with parathyroid damage - inflate BP cuff and draws up arm like involuntary contraction - risk of seizure AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+ gonorrhea or chlamydia - Correct Answer friable cervix herpes - Correct Answer painful vesicles normal vagaina PH - Correct Answer 3.8-4.5 gonorrhea and chlamydia - Correct Answer - doxycycline and rocephin chalmydia - Correct Answer - azithromycin - 2nd line doxycycline gonorrhea - Correct Answer - rocephin syphillis - Correct Answer - dx: RPR comfirmatory = FTA-ABS test - s/s: *1st painless cancker for 3-6 wks then goes away *2nd rash on palms and soles AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+ *3rd neurosyphillis affects brain and spinal cord - Tx: IM bicellin non hormonal contraception - Correct Answer - copper IUD depo provera - Correct Answer - risk of osteoporosis - take calcium and vit d - dont use longer than 5 years breastfeeding contraceptions - Correct Answer - progestin only - mini pill combo contraceptions - Correct Answer - dont use with migraine with aura, hx of blood clots, > 35 and smoker - if miss 2 pills: take most recent missed pill, get rid of other missed pills, utalize backup method AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+ ortho evra patch - Correct Answer - high risk of clots presumptive preg - Correct Answer - breast tenderness - amenorrhea - subjective probable preg - Correct Answer - hcg preg test - hegar - chadwick - goodell positive preg - Correct Answer - fetal heart tones - palpation of fetus - ultrasound of fetus Rhogam - Correct Answer - week 28 - within 72 hours postpartum placental abruption - Correct Answer - very serious AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+ - typically associated with breast stimulation - order prolactin level to monitor BPH - Correct Answer - symmetrically enlarged rubbery prostate - urinary frequency and hesistancy - tx: alpha blockers, terazosin - take med at bedtime, orthostatic hypotension - finasteride - shrinks prostate down, takes 6 months - saw palmetto PSA cutoff is 4 for referral prostate cancer - Correct Answer - often dont tx unless > 10 years to live epidydimitis - Correct Answer - positive prehn sign - scrotum angry and swollen - unilateral testicular pain - tx: doxycycline or rocephin if < 35 yrs levofloxacin if > 35 yrs AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+ testicular torsion - Correct Answer - severe unilateral pain and cremasteric reflex is absent kidney fxn - Correct Answer GFR BUN Creatinine RBC = glomerulonephritis or WBC casts = pyelonephritis urinalysis - Correct Answer - positive nitrites - positive leukocytes - blood - UTI - bactrim, cipro, macrobid - avoid bactrim if on warfarin - heel pain - avoid fluroquinolone AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+ erectile dysfunction - Correct Answer - look for cards issues - PDE5: viagra *before prescribing must order an EKG Osteoporosis - Correct Answer - Dx = DEXA scan < -2.5 - risks: depo provera, long term steroid use, smoking, female, elderly - tx: bisphosponates (fosamax), HCTZ (stimulate osteoblasts and build bone, decrease exretion of CA in bones) - Prevention: calcium, vitamin d, weight-bearing exercise Osteopenia - Correct Answer - Dx: DEXA scan -1 - -2.4 Rheumatoid Arthritis - Correct Answer - s/s: systemic symptoms, buchards nodes, boutonneirs, swan neck deformity AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+ Carpal tunnel syndrome - Correct Answer - tests = phalens (backwards prayer hands) & tinel's (tap the inner wrist) - affects median nerve - tx: splint, brace, rest, steroids morton's neuroma - Correct Answer - "feels like a pebble is in my shoe", b/n 3rd and 4th toe Knee INjury tests - Correct Answer - McMurry = meniscus - Appley test = meniscus - lachman = ACL (most sensitive sign for ACL - anterior drawer test = ACL - Valgus test = ligaments continued popping in knee - Correct Answer meniscal injury AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+ straight leg test - Correct Answer - sciatica - positive result = reproduction of s/s b/n 30-70 degrees of elevation Sciatica - Correct Answer - L4 = squat and rise exam with diminished knee jerk - L5 = heel walking with numbness at great toe - S1 = walk on toes with diminished or absent ankle jerk Drop arm test - Correct Answer - rotator cuff injuries - abduct patient's shoulder then have them lower it down slowly - positive = arm suddenly drops to side Empty can test - Correct Answer - supraspinatus tear - shoulder injury Gout - Correct Answer - prevention: allopurinol AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+ *side effect = bone marrow suppressiono - low purine diet, no alcohol, avoid diuretics - DO NOT give HCTZ (increases uric acid levels) - dx test: serum uric acid level (not always high with acute attacks) - acute tx: NSAIDs, indocin, steroids - colcrys = severe fibromyalgia - Correct Answer - widespread pain, overall sensitivity - dx: pain, fatigue, waking up feeling unrefreshed, cognitive problems ALL x 3 or more months - also cannot be explained by any other condition - tx: cymbalta, elavil, lyrica, flexoril - regular exercise! AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+ - occurs with wrist flexion/pronation with valgus strain of elbow - tx: rest, ice, NSAIDs, brae epicondylitis - Correct Answer common with: Tennis Fencing Golf Rowing Baseball (pitching) Hammering Typing Meat-cutting Plumbing Painting - tx: rest, ice, NSAIDs, brae AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+ Levels of Evidence - Correct Answer - top = meta analysis/systemic reviews - middle = RCTs, cohort studies, case control studies, cross sectional studies - bottom: editorials, opinions, no real research Quasi-experimental design vs RCTs - Correct Answer - second catergory of evidence -RCT = randomization - QED = no randomization Health Belief Model - Correct Answer - people change behaviors when they believe they are personally at risk - perceived risks susceptibility - belief of consequence - risk severity - benefits to action - self efficacy AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+ - cues to action license - Correct Answer - ability to practice from your state certification - Correct Answer - board exam, ANCC or AANP credentialing - Correct Answer - process to bill insurances, medicare, medicaid - massive verification process liability insurance - Correct Answer - claims based: coverage only while employed - occurrence based: covered any time you had an active policy to the entire duration stages of change model - Correct Answer - assess patients readiness to make a change - pre-contemplation: no interest in stopping, nothing bad has happened - contemplation - preparation: cutting down smoking AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+ - we can collaborate with MDs, dentists, and DOs medicare - Correct Answer A - inpt hospital B - out pt, dialysis C- advantage plans, subplemental plans, vision, dental D - RX Budget reconocilliaton act - Correct Answer - BRA act came first - allows us to be reimbursed up to 85% when seeing a patient balanced budget act - Correct Answer - came after BRA act - now requires NPs to have NPI number HITECH act - Correct Answer - mandaged that we all move to EMRs to get paid - offered major incentives to switch early - found meaningful use for providers: AVS, clinical decision supports incorporated into practice (abn labs in red in EMR), enact PHI Medicaid - Correct Answer - funded at federal and state level AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+ - those who cannot afford health insurance and live below the poverty level - < $2000/month *childrens health insurance program (CHIP) if above 2000 but cannot afford it - programs through medicaid: WIC primary prevention - Correct Answer - before it occurs secondary interventions - Correct Answer screenings tertiary - Correct Answer rehab or treatment veracity - Correct Answer truth telling fidelity - Correct Answer loyalty autonomy - Correct Answer ability to make own decision paternalism - Correct Answer - provider tries to pick what is best AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+ benifecence - Correct Answer to do good Nonmaleficence - Correct Answer - do no harm justice - Correct Answer everyone gets same tx native americans - Correct Answer shamans believe illness is a punishment uses herbal remedies avoids eye contact and loud volumes health is in harmony vietnamese - Correct Answer blood loss is worse than illness - dont like labs - stop rx when feel better hispanics - Correct Answer imbalance b/n environment and individual AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+ grasp moro stepping birth weight doubles - Correct Answer 6 months birth weight triples - Correct Answer 12 months bilirubin - Correct Answer > 15 = phototherapy tanner stages - Correct Answer girls: 2 - breast bud, 2-3 years later she gets period 3- one mound 4- two mounds and start of period Boys: 2- straight pubic hairs 3- penis grows in length, growth spurt 4- curly pubic hairs AANP Exam Best Study Guide Verified Solutions Latest Update 2023\2024 Best Rated A+ puberty: > 8 in girls, > 9 in boys - worried if period not by age 15 - if a girl has had period, probably at adult height - Correct Answer .,amd.,asmd