AANP Study guide-with 100% verified solutions-2024- 2025.docx, Exams of Nursing

Download AANP Study guide-with 100% verified solutions-2024- 2025.docx and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! AANP Study guide-with 100% verified solutions-2024- 2025 Measles (Rubeola) What RNA virus is associated with cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis with photophobia, rash that starts on head or face? Ortolani maneuver technique for checking hip integrity. unequal movement suggests the hip is dislocated varicocele enlarged, dilated veins near the testicle bladder cancer cancerous tumor that arises from the cells lining the bladder; major sign is hematuria, smoking or industrial chemicals can cause Roseola infantum rash starts on the trunk and goes to the extremities Rash comes out when the fever breaks endovenous laser therapy (EVLT) treatment of large varicose veins in the legs in which a laser fiber is inserted directly into the affected vein to heat the lining within the vein, causing it to collapse, shrink, and eventually disappear; also called endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) B12 deficiency Methylmalonic acid and Homocystein level cervical dysplasia the presence of precancerous changes in the cells that make up the inner lining of the cervix, white, sharply demarcated lesion of cervix polycythemia vera general increase in red blood cells (erythremia), pruritis after a shower L5-S1 weak plantarflexion roseacea topical metronidazole Constructive pericarditis Pericardial knock Restrictive Pericarditis S3 Cluster Headache Unilateral severe orbital, supraorbital, or temporal pain. More common in males. Restlessness, tearing of eyes, nasal congestion, rhinnorrhea, fullness of ear, tx-O2 100% CA 125 Ovarian cancer Deficiency of Niacin Dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia Pertussis treatment in children Azithromycin HLA-DQA or HLA-DQB gene for susceptibility for DM 1 Glyburide Most likely sulfa to cause hypoglycemia Prehn sign elevation of testicles "feels better, less pressure" A form of dementia characterized by an increase in Lewy body cells in the brain. Symptoms include visual hallucinations, momentary loss of attention, falling, and fainting, but also parkinsonian motor features such as bradykinesia, resting tremor, rigidity, and gait difficulty Ramsey Hunt Syndrome Reactivation of cranial nerve VII, facial paralysis, ear pain, vesicular eruption in the auricle and ear canal Why would you give meningococcal vaccine before 11th birthda? Sickle cell anemia (no functioning spleen) Emphysema Structural changes that occur distal to the terminal bronchioles Pinworm treatment Albendazole or pyrantel pamoate or albendazole PO Primary achalasia loss of peristalysis in distal esophagus and failure of LES relaxation with swallowing Polymyositis treatment 1. steroids 2. followed by methotrexate (methotrexate for long-term immunosuppressant therapy) CLL (chronic lymphocytic leukemia) -Chronic with lengthy survival -Primarily a diagnosis of the elderly -Usually B cells -WBC more mature and not functioning properly Vitamin D deficiency Less than 12 mg/ml Acute urticaria fenofenadine, cetirizine, loratadine, first line (second-generation H1 antihistamines) ankylosing spondylitis can cause uveitis tinea cruris Jock itch, terbinafine or butenafine first line (topical) Diagnosing asthma spirometry Hypoparathyroidism hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia Screening for gestational diabetes Between 24-28 weeks Indication for PM? Asymptomatic Mobitz II second-degree AV block-risk of progressing to 3rd degree HB Horner syndrome ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis Binocular diplopia, horizontal diplopia on gaze towards affected side? what cranial nerve and muscle? Abducens nerve, lateral rectus muscle First line treatment for pertussis? Azithromycin Lichen planus Pruritic, purple, polygonal planar papules and plaques (6 P's), treatment-topical steroids (topical fluocinonide) Expected clinical finding with high triglycerides? Eruptive xanthomas Rotterdam criteria Diagnosis of PCOS (2 out of 3) - amenorrhea/anovulatory cycles, signs of hyperandrogenism (hirsutism, acne, alopecia, virilization, infertility), polycystic ovaries on US Marfan syndrome Aortic regurgitation Shigella Treatment-azithromycin De Quervain thyroiditis caused by neutrophilic inflammation of the thyroid gland. It is typically viral in origin, and is preceded by an upper respiratory infection Acromegaly -abnormal enlargement of the extremities -insidious onset, with a time to diagnosis on the order of 6-10 years. The classic facial findings, which include enlargement of the supraorbital ridges, mandible and a widened nose glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency avoid antimalarial drugs, sulfonamides (sulfamethoxazole), nitrofurans (nitrofurantoin), methylene blue, vitamin K, and phenazopyridine Eosinophilic esophagitis dysphagia to solid foods Retropharyngeal abscess is a deep neck space infection sore throat, difficulty swallowing, or difficulty breathing with possible signs of fever and systemic toxicity. Examination of the oral pharynx may demonstrate midline or unilateral swelling or bulging of the posterior pharyngeal wall -CT scan of the neck with intravenous contrast Vascular dementia seen in patients with risk factors such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension and diabetes. Patients with vascular dementia have patchy cognitive impairment, often with focal neurologic signs and symptoms. Onset may be abrupt, with a stepwise decline. Patients who have had a stroke are at increased risk for vascular dementia -The laboratory workup for rheumatoid arthritis includes ESR and CRP levels, presence of antibodies to cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) bodies, rheumatoid factor, a CBC, kidney function, and hepatic enzymes Lynch syndrome hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC), is the most common cause of hereditary colon cancer. Men and women with Lynch syndrome are more likely to get colon cancer or other cancers, such as stomach, liver, kidney, and brain cancer, before the age of 50 Multiple myeloma Men are slightly more affected than women. Multiple myeloma should be suspected in any patient presenting with one or more of the following: bone pain resulting from lytic lesions, hypercalcemia, kidney injury, or anemia. Elevated serum protein levels can also be seen in patients with multiple myeloma. -protein electrophoresis and free light chain assay Acute mastoiditis Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common cause of mastoiditis. Mastoiditis presents with fever, headache, and otalgia. Patients will often have a preceding history of acute otitis media which has not resolved after 2 or more weeks. Physical examination reveals postauricular erythema and tenderness, as well as protrusion of the auricle. In addition, the tympanic membrane is erythematous, bulging, and has decreased mobility. A 65-year-old man presents for follow-up after an upper endoscopy. He has a 10-year history of cirrhosis. The upper endoscopy revealed small esophageal varices with red signs. There was no active bleeding seen and no band ligation was performed. Based on his history of cirrhosis and findings on endoscopy, what would be the most appropriate next step in the management of this patient? Start nadolol- or other non-selective beta blocker-reduces portal venous inflow Proprioceptive sensitivity loss high-stepping and stamping gait, increased risk of falls niacin (vitamin B3) deficiency -dementia, dermatitis, and diarrhea -Isoniazid (INH) biochemically competes with niacin and inhibits the conversion of tryptophan to niacin, resulting in niacin deficiency. venous hum Common innocent murmur. It is low-pitched and is best heard in the right or left supraclavicular or infraclavicular areas. The low-pitch quality allows for the murmur to be best heard with the bell of the stethoscope. A 53-year-old man presents with weight loss, anorexia, abdominal pain, jaundice and early satiety. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial diagnostic test to diagnose and stage pancreatic cancer? CT scan What is the most common form of psoriasis? Psoriasis vulgaris primary hyperparathyroidism asymptomatic hypercalcemia, which is typically detected as an incidental finding on routine blood testing. Manifestations of hypercalcemia include paresthesias, muscle cramps, fatigue, and depression. Cardiovascular symptoms may include hypertension, palpitations, prolonged PR interval, shortened QT interval, bradydysrhythmias, and heart block systolic murmur at the apex. The murmur is associated with a midsystolic click -Mitral valve prolapse occurs due to a mitral valve leaflet abnormality. The associated murmur is systolic with a mid- to late-systolic click, heard best at the apex of the heart. Symptoms can include palpitations, depression, anxiety, fatigue, or syncope -procedural antibiotic prophylaxis is indicated to avoid infective endocarditis A 66-year-old man presents to the clinic for his annual wellness visit. Which of the following factors places the patient at risk for hypertension? A1C of 8% Which of the following is the most sensitive diagnostic test for genital herpes simplex virus infection? Polymerase chain reaction-based testing