AAOS Exam 2 with 100% Correct Answers 2023-2024, Exams of Advanced Education

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AAOS Exam 2 with 100% Correct

Answers 2023-

seizure - Correct Answer-sudden episode of uncontrolled electrical impulses in a controlled manner generalized seizure - Correct Answer-produce shaking movements and involve the whole body, lasts 1-2 mins, patient is usually unconscious and does not remember the seizure, may have urinated/defecated themselves absence seizure - Correct Answer-results in only a brief lapse of consciousness, patients may blink their eyes, stare vacantly or jerk one part of their body -do not restrain patient -time the duration -loosen ties or anything else around the neck that could obstruct breathing -do not force anything between the teeth -do not be concerned if the patient stops breathing temporarily after -after, turn the patient on their side and make sure breathing is not obstructed - Correct Answer-treatment of a seizure hypoglycemia - Correct Answer-low blood sugar, occurs when the body has enough insulin but not enough blood glucose aka- insulin shock -pale, moist, cool skin -rapid, weak pulse -dizziness or headache -confusion or unconsciousness -sweating -hunger -rapid onset of symptoms - Correct Answer-hypoglycemia symptoms hyperglycemia - Correct Answer--occurs when the body has too much blood glucose and not enough insulin -patient may be unresponsive or unconscious -may appear to have the flu -aka: diabetic coma -warm, dry skin -rapid pulse -deep, rapid breathing -confusion or unresponsiveness

-slow onset of symptoms -fruity or acetone odor on the breath -increased hunger, thirst, and urination - Correct Answer-symptoms of hyperglycemia ingested poisons - Correct Answer--occurs when a poison enters the body through the mouth and absorbed by the respiratory system -causes more than 80% of poisoning -found in chemical burns, odors, stains around the mouth -unusual breath odors -discoloration or burning around the mouth -nausea and vomiting -abdominal pain -diarrhea - Correct Answer-symptoms of ingested poisons activated charcoal - Correct Answer--another method of treating ingested poisons -finely ground powder that is mixed with water -do not give if patient is unconscious or acid with pH level is greater than 7 inhaled poisons - Correct Answer-occurs if a toxic substance is breathed in and absorbed through the lungs carbon monoxide - Correct Answer--an odorless, colorless, tasteless gas that cannot be detected by your normal senses -most common causes from improperly vented heating appliance -can be present in smoke -headache -nausea -disorientation -unconsciousness -multiple people with flu like symptoms in the same location - Correct Answer-sign and symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning irritants - Correct Answer-ammonia and chlorine are...` opioid/drug overdose symptoms - Correct Answer--slow, difficult, shallow breathing or no breathing -small or pinpoint pupils -weak pulse -low blood pressure -blue nails and lips -drowsiness -disorientation -delirium -coma

naloxone - Correct Answer-a medication that can rapidly reverse the effects of opioid drugs on the central nervous system by spraying into the nostrils -aka: narcan frostbite - Correct Answer--when parts of the body are exposed to a cold environment -most susceptible body parts: face, ears, fingers, and toes -DO NOT break blisters, rub the injured area, apply heat or allow patient to walk on affected limb -most susceptible: old age, medical conditions, exhaustion, hunger, wearing inadequate clothing hypothermia - Correct Answer--when a persons body temperature falls to a subnormal range of below 95 -occurs when the body is not able to produce enough energy to keep the internal body temp signs and symptoms of hypothermia - Correct Answer--feeling cold or shivering -lack of coordination -decreased level of consciousness -mental confusion -slowed reactions heat exhaustion - Correct Answer--occurs when a patient is exposed to temperatures above 80 -also as a result of vigorous exercise at lower temperature -sweating profusely, light headed, dizzy and nauseated heat stroke - Correct Answer--occurs when the body is subjected to more than it can handle and the normal mechanisms for getting rid of heat are overwhelmed -flushed dry skin that feels hot to the touch -nausea and vomiting -temp of 104 shock signs and symptoms - Correct Answer--altered mental status -confusion, agitation, restlessness, anxiety -cold, clammy, sweaty pale skin -rapid, shallow breathing -rapid, weak pulse -increased capillary refill -nausea or vomiting -weakness or fainting -thirst nose bleed - Correct Answer--can result from an injury, high blood pressure, or dry air

superficial burn - Correct Answer--reddened and painful skin -confined to the outermost layers of the skin -mild to moderate pain partial-thickness burn - Correct Answer--deeper but do not damage the deepest layers of the skin -blistering is present -moderate to severe pain full thickness burn - Correct Answer--damage to all layers of the skin -enough to sometimes injure and destroy underlying muscles and other tissues -pain often absent because nerve endings are destroyed thermal burns - Correct Answer-caused by heat respiratory burns - Correct Answer--burn to any part of the airway -could be from being in a burning confined space chemical burns - Correct Answer--strong acids -some are so strong they can cause damage to the skin or eyes -remove as much as possible from the skin electrical burns - Correct Answer--leaves little evidence on the outside of the body -caused by a current that enters the body at one point and exits through point of ground contact -cooks muscles, nerves, blood vessels, and internal organs rules of nines - Correct Answer-method used to determine what percentage of the body has been burned -adult head and arms each equal 9% and trunk and each leg equal 18% direct force - Correct Answer-a car strikes a pedestrian on the leg, the pedestrian sustains a broken leg indirect force - Correct Answer-a woman falls on her shoulder, the force of the fall transmits energy to the middle of the collarbone and the excess force breaks the bone twisting force - Correct Answer-a football player is tackled as he is turning. as the leg twists, the knee sustains a severe injury sprains - Correct Answer-a joint injury caused by excessive stretching of the supporting ligaments strains - Correct Answer-caused by stretching or tearing of a muscle

dislocation - Correct Answer-a disruption that tears the supporting ligaments of the joint. the bone ends that make up the joint separate from each other and lock into one position fracture - Correct Answer-a broken bone that most often occurs as a result of a significant force altered mental status unusual behavior unconsciousness nausea or vomiting blood/CSF from ears or nose decreased consciousness unequal pupils paralysis seizures external head trauma raccoon eyes battle signs - Correct Answer-signs and symptoms of head injury signs and symptoms of neck and spine injury - Correct Answer--laceration, bruise or other sign of injury to head -tenderness over any point -extreme weakness, numbness, paralysis, or loss of movement -loss of sensation of any part below the neck -loss of bowel and bladder control -priapism anaphylactic shock - Correct Answer--caused by an extreme allergic reaction to a foreign substance -patient may suddenly start to sneeze or itch, face and tongue swell and blue color will appear around the mouth