ABG practice questions Exam 1 medsurg Questions And Answers, Exams of Nursing

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pH - 7. PCO2 - 31 mmHg PO2- 60 mmHg O2Sat - 90% HCO3 - 25 mEq/L - correct answer uncompensated respiratory alkalosis with hypoxemia pH - 7. PCO2 - 52 mmHg PO2- 55 mmHg O2Sat - 88% HCO3 - 23 mEq/L - correct answer uncompensated respiratory acidosis with hypoxemia pH - 7. PCO2 - 37 mmHg PO2- 91 mmHg O2Sat - 97% HCO3 - 38 mEq/L - correct answer uncompensated metabolic alkalosis pH - 7.

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PCO2 - 41 mmHg PO2- 87 mmHg O2Sat - 97% HCO3 - 19 mEq/L - correct answer uncompensated metabolic acidosis pH - 7. PCO2 - 26 mmHg PO2- 63 mmHg O2Sat - 92% HCO3 - 14 mEq/L - correct answer partially compensated respiratory alkalosis with hypoxemia pH - 7. PCO2 - 56 mmHg PO2- 83 mmHg O2Sat - 96% HCO3 - 29 mEq/L - correct answer partially compensated respiratory acidosis pH - 7. PCO2 - 48 mmHg

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PO2- 71 mmHg O2Sat - 94% HCO3 - 29 mEq/L - correct answer partially compensated metabolic alkalosis with hypoxemia pH - 7. PCO2 - 25 mmHg PO2- 97 mmHg O2Sat - 98% HCO3 - 13 mEq/L - correct answer partially compensated metabolic acidosis pH - 7. PCO2 - 32 mmHg PO2- 92 mmHg O2Sat - 97% HCO3 - 20 mEq/L - correct answer fully compensated respiratory alkalosis pH - 7. PCO2 - 49 mmHg PO2- 67 mmHg

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O2Sat - 93% HCO3 - 30 mEq/L - correct answer fully compensated respiratory acidosis with hypoxemia pH - 7. PCO2 - 47 mmHg PO2- 75 mmHg O2Sat - 94% HCO3 - 28 mEq/L - correct answer fully compensated metabolic alkalosis with hypoxemia pH - 7. PCO2 - 27 mmHg PO2- 84 mmHg O2Sat - 96% HCO3 - 16 mEq/L - correct answer fully compensated metabolic acidosis The nurse reviews the arterial blood gas results of a client and notes the following: pH 7.45, paCO2 30, HCO3 20. The nurse analyzes these results as indicating which condition? - correct answer Respiratory Alkalosis, fully compensated

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The nurse is caring for a client with a nasogastric tube that is attached to low suction. The nurse monitors the client for manifestations of which disorder that the client is at risk for - correct answer Metabolic alkalosis A client with a 3-day history of nausea and vomiting presents to the emergency department. The client is hypoventilating and has a respiratory rate of 10 breaths/min. Arterial blood gases are drawn and the nurse reviews the results, expecting to note which of the following?

1. A decreased pH and an increased CO
2. An increased pH and a decreased Co
3. A decreased pH and a decreased HCO3-
4. An increased pH with an increased HCO3 - correct answer Answer: 4 Rational: Clients experiencing nausea and vomiting would most likely present with metabolic alkalosis resulting from loss of gastric acid, thus causing the pH and HCO3- to increase. Symptoms experienced by the client would include hypventilation and tachycardia. Option 2 reflects a respiratory acidotic condition. Option 2 reflects a respiratory alkalotic condition. Option 3 reflects a metabolic acidotic condition

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The nurse is caring for a client having respiratory distress related to anxiety attack. Recent ABG values are pH 7.53, paO2 72, paCO2 32 and HCO3 28. Which conclusion about the client should the nurse make? A. The client has acidotic blood B. The client is probably overreacting C. The client is in fluid overload D. The client is probably hyperventilating - correct answer D The nurse is caring for a client with diabetic ketoacidosis and documents that the client is experiencing kussmaul's respirations. Which patterns did the nurse observe? A. Respirations that are shallow B. Respirations that are increased in rate C. Respirations that are abnormally slow D. Respirations that are abnormally deep E. Respirations that cease fire several seconds - correct answer B, D The client who is found unresponsive has an ABG drawn and the results indicate the following: pH 7.12, paCO2 90, HCO3 22. The nurse interprets the results as which condition? A. Metabolic acidosis with compensation

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B. Respiratory acidosis with compensation C. Metabolic acidosis without compensation D. Respiratory acidosis without compensation - correct answer D The nurse notes that a client's ABG results reveal a pH 7.50, paCO2 30. The nurse monitors the client for which clinical manifestations associated with these ABG results? Select all that apply A. Nausea B. Confusion C. Bradypnea D. Tachycardia E. Hyperkalemia F. Lightheadedness - correct answer A, B, D, F A nurse reviews the arterial blood gas (ABG) values of a client admitted with pneumonia: pH, 7.51; PaCO2, 28 mm Hg; PaO2, 70 mm Hg; and HCO3--, 24 mEq/L. What do these values indicate? - correct answer Respiratory Alkalosis - A client with pneumonia may hyperventilate in an effort to increase oxygen intake. Hyperventilation leads to excess carbon dioxide (CO2) loss, which causes alkalosis — indicated by this client's elevated pH value. With respiratory alkalosis, the kidneys' bicarbonate (HCO3-) response is delayed, so the client's HCO3- level remains normal. The below-normal value for the partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) indicates CO2 loss and

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signals a respiratory component. Because the HCO3- level is normal, this imbalance has no metabolic component. Therefore, the client is experiencing respiratory alkalosis. The nurse reviews the blood gas's results of a client with atelectasis. The nurse analyzed the results and determined that the client is experiencing respiratory acidosis. Which result validates the nurses findings? A. pH 7.25, paCO2 50 B. pH 7.35, paCO2 50 C. pH 7.50, paCO2 52 D. pH 7.52, paCO2 28 - correct answer A The nurse is caring for a client who is on a mechanical ventilator. Blood gas results indicate a pH of 7.50 and a paCO2 of 30. The nurse has determined that the client is experiencing respiratory alkalosis. Which lab value would most likely be noted in this condition? A. Sodium 145 B. Potassium 3. C. Magnesium 1. D. Phosphorus 3.0 - correct answer B

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The nurse is caring for a client with several broken ribs. The client is most likely to experience what type of acid base imbalance? A. Respiratory acidosis from inadequate ventilation B. Respiratory alkalosis from anxiety and hyperventilation C. Metabolic acidosis from calcium loss due to broken bones D. Metabolic alkalosis from taking analgesics containing base products

- correct answer A