Advanced Airway Management Exam: Questions and Answers for Paramedics, Exams of Nursing

Download Advanced Airway Management Exam: Questions and Answers for Paramedics and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! FLIGHT PARAMEDIC ADVANCED AIRWAY MANAGEMENT EXAM 2024-2025 Failure to manage an ________________ is a major cause of a preventable death in the prehospital setting." - ANSWER>>Airway What are some indications for immediate intubation? - ANSWER>>Unable to swallow. GCS <8. Expected clinical course. Apnea. Airway obstruction. Resp failure. What are the three critical lab values that indicate the need for intubation? - ANSWER>>Ph <7.2 CO2 >55 PaO2 <60 Rememeber, only one needs to be off to indicate the need for intubation. What does the L.E.M.O.N acronym stand for? - ANSWER>>*Look *Evaluate 3-3-2 *Mallampati *Obstructions * Neck Mobility. What are characteristics of a Mallampati 1 airway? - ANSWER>>Soft palate, uvula, ant / pos tonsillar pillars visible. What are characteristics of a Mallampati 2 airway? - ANSWER>>Tonsillar pillars hidden by the tongue. What are some characteristics of a Mallampati 3 airway? - ANSWER>>Only the base of the uvula can be seen. What are some characteristics of a Mallampati 4 airway? - ANSWER>>The uvula cannot be seen. Severe difficult in intubating, typically associated with obese patients. What is the preffered method for positioning a patient prior to intubating? - ANSWER>>Ears elevated to the patients sternum. Pt's head slightly tilted back. What is the H.E.A.V.E.N acronym used for? - ANSWER>>Evaluating the difficulty of an intubation. What does H.E.A.V.E.N stand for? - ANSWER>>Hypoxemia Extremes of size Anatomical challenges Vomit, blood, fluid Exsanguination / anemia Neck mobility What acronym is used for evaluating the potential success of an extraglottic airway? - ANSWER>>Restrictive airway Obstruction of upper airway Distortion, disruption, or deformity, Stiff lungs or spine. What is the Sellick Maneuver? - ANSWER>>Posterior pressure on the cricoid cartilage to prevent gastricc insufflation and vomiting When should you release the Sellick Manuever? - ANSWER>>After the intubation is complete. What is the BURP maneuver? - ANSWER>>-BURP - Helps you visualize cords -Backward (Posterior pressure on larynx against the cervical vertebrae) -Upward: Upward pressure on larynx as far as possible -Right: Lateral pressure on larynx -Pressure What is a potential problem with supraglottic airway devices? - ANSWER>>Aspiration. What is the onset and duration for Succinycholine? - ANSWER>>1-2 minute onset, 4-6 minute duration. What are the contraindications for Succinycholine? - ANSWER>>Crush injuries, eye injuries, malignant hypothermia, burns. Succinycholine can cause _____________________ ? - ANSWER>>hyperkalemia What are common signs of Maligant Hyperthermia? - ANSWER>>Spasm or lock jaw (Trismus) High fever (could be as high as 110.) Increased ETCO2 Tachycardia , Hypotension Sustained muscle contractions How medication is used to treat Malignant Hyperthermia? - ANSWER>>Dantolene Sodium (Dantrium) ______________________ is a non depolarizing nueromuscular blocker with a duration of 30-45 minutes. - ANSWER>>Vecuronium. What is the onset of Vecuronium? - ANSWER>>4-6 minutes. What can you do while administering Veccuronium to reduce ICP during intubation? - ANSWER>>Give a smaller defisiculating dose ___________________ is a non depolarizing nueromuscular agent with an onset of 1-2 minutes. - ANSWER>>Rocuronium (Zemeron) You must keep __________________ refrigerated, and the medication is good for up to 14 days. - ANSWER>>Rocuronium Etomidate is known as an _____________________ agent. - ANSWER>>Induction What is the drug dosage for Etomidate (Amidate)? - ANSWER>>0.3mg / kg. What is the onset of Etomidate? - ANSWER>>30-60sec What are some contraindications for Etomidate? - ANSWER>>Adrenal supression/ Addisons disease, Resp. emrgencies, and shock. Midazolam (Versed) - ANSWER>>*class*: Benzodiazepine *Indication*: sedation, conscious sedation, anesthesia, status epilepticus *Action*: Acts to produce CNS depression, may be mediated by GABA. *Nursing Considerations*: - assess level of sedation during and for 2-6 hours following - monitor blood pressure, pulse, respirations during IV administration - The antidote for overdose is flumazenil What is the reversal agent for Benzodiazepines? - ANSWER>>Flumazenil Proprofol (Diprivan) - ANSWER>>Hypnotic. Propofol is _____________ acting and has a duration of ________ to ________ minutes. - ANSWER>>Short, 5-10 minutes You should not use Profol in a patient with a _________ ___________. - ANSWER>>Head injury or unstable patients. Ketamine (Ketalar) - ANSWER>>Classification: General anesthetic Action: Produces a state of anesthesia while maintaining airway reflexes, heart rate, and blood pressure. Indications: Pain and as anesthesia for procedures of short duration. Adverse Effect: hypotension and sinus bradycardia, other cardiac arrhythmias {rare), respiratory depression, Contraindications: Patients in whom a significant elevation in blood pressure would be hazardous {hypertension, stroke, head trauma, increased intracranial mass or bleeding, Ml). Use with caution in patients with increased ICP or increased intraocular pressure {glaucoma) and patients with hypovolemia, dehydration, or cardiac disease {especially angina and CHF). Dosage: Administer slowly over a period of 60 seconds. IV, 10: • Adult: 1 to 4.5 mg/kg IV/10. 1 to 2 mg/kg produces anesthesia typically within 30 seconds that typically lasts 5 to 10 minutes. Special Considerations: Pregnancy class C Ketamine is different than Etomidate because it can be used as both a sedative and an _______________________ . - ANSWER>>Analagesic. Ketamine can cause secretions in the airway, if this happens adminster _____________________ and ________________. - ANSWER>>Atropine , Scopolamine. A side effect of Propofol is potential ____________________ . - ANSWER>>Hypotension, reduced MAP. Morphine - ANSWER>>narcotic drug derived from opium, used to treat severe pain What is the drug dosage for Morphine? - ANSWER>>2mg for mild pain control q4 hours 5mg for moderate pain control q4 hours. You should avoid Morphine is patients with _____________________ and ______________________. - ANSWER>>Head injuries and respiratory depression. What is the reversal agent for Morphine? - ANSWER>>Narcan Fentanyl is ____ times more potent than morphine - ANSWER>>100 What is the onset for Fentanyl? - ANSWER>>1-2 minutes. Fentanyl can cause _______________, _________________, and ________________. - ANSWER>>Chest wall rigidity, bradycardia, and hypotension. What is the reversal agent for Fentanyl? - ANSWER>>Naloxone (Narcan) Chris insists that we do these things prior to intubating. - ANSWER>>Plan, preoxygenate, prepare, anticipate, and execute.