Advanced Pharmacology Final Exam Questions With Answers 2024, Exams of Nursing

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Advanced

Pharmacology

Exam

Questions and

Answers

1. A Nurse Practitioner will monitor which of the following when assigned to a patient taking allopurinol for chronic gout who visits the clinic every 2 months? o Selected Answer: Blood sugar levels
2. A 66-year-old woman has experienced a significant decline in her quality of life as a result of worsening rheumatoid arthritis. Her physician has prescribed etanercept and the APRN is responsible for facilitating this new aspect of the patient's drug regimen. This will involve the administration of: o Selected Answer: Weekly subcutaneous injections.
3. Mr. Laird is a 49-year-old electrician who experienced severe burns on his trunk, arms, and hands in a workplace accident 2 weeks ago. Part of his current wound care regimen involves the daily application of silver sulfadiazine to his wounds. The nurses who are providing care for Mr. Laird in the burn and plastic unit of the hospital should perform what action when administering this medication? o Selected Answer: Cleanse the wound of debris prior to applying the silver sulfadiazine.

8. A Nurse Practitioner is working with a 16-year-old pregnant teen and assessing for behavior that may put the baby at risk. The most important assessment the nurse can make is: o Selected Answer: Whether the pregnant woman uses illegal substances.
9. The recommended treatment for trichomoniasis is: o Selected Answer: Flagyl.
10. A Nurse Practitioner is caring for a patient who is at 28 weeks' gestation and is receiving terbutaline (Brethine) to control preterm labor. Which of the following assessment parameters should the nurse prioritize? o Selected Answer: Fetal heart rate (FHR).
11. A 34-year-old male has been diagnosed with TB and will be started on INH therapy. The medication history reveals that he currently takes antacids on a regular basis. The nurse will instruct the patient to take: o Selected Answer: Antacids not less than 1 hour before or 2 hours after taking INH.
12. An older adult woman has been diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and her care team has identified potential benefits of

imatinib. Which of the following characteristics of this patient’s current health status may preclude the use of imatinib? o Selected Answer: The patient has chronic heart failure resulting in significant peripheral edema.

13. A 9-year-old boy was brought to his primary care provider by his mother with signs and symptoms of hookworm infection and will be sent home with a prescription for mebendazole. When provided patient and family education, the nurse should teach the mother which of the following measures to avoid reinfection following treatment? o Selected Answer: The importance of vigilant hygiene for the boy and the other members of the family.
14. A Nurse Practitioner is caring for a 10-year-old boy who complains of chronic headaches. His mother reports that she gives him Tylenol at least three times a day. Which of the following will the nurse work with the physician to evaluate? o Selected Answer: Hepatic function.
15. A patient with chronic heart failure has begun treatment with epoetin alfa, which she will receive in her own home from a home health nurse. The nurse should teach the patient to supplement this treatment with a diet that is high in:

o Selected Answer: Targeted therapies have the potential to damage cancerous cells while leaving normal body cells less affected.

20. A 15-year-old patient has meningitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae. She is being treated with chloramphenicol. The most important nursing action for this patient would be to monitor: o Selected Answer: Plasma concentrations regularly.
21. A patient has been prescribed oral tetracycline. The nurse will instruct the patient to take the drug: o Selected Answer: On an empty stomach 1 hour before or 2 hours after taking any meals or other drugs.
22. Mr. Singh is a 66-year-old man who is receiving chemotherapy for the treatment of lung cancer that has metastasized to his liver. In an effort to prevent infection, Mr. Singh has been prescribed filgrastim (Neupogen). Which of the nurse's following assessment questions most directly addresses a common adverse effect of filgrastim? o Selected Answer: "Do you feel like you're having any pain in your bones?"
23. Morphine has been prescribed for a 28-year-old man with severe pain due to a back injury. The nurse will advise the patient to avoid: o Selected Answer: Alcohol.

24. Intravenous carmustine has been prescribed for a patient with cancer. The nurse should help relieve the discomfort of pain and burning during the infusion by: o Selected Answer: Slowing the infusion.
25. A 73-year-old woman has osteoporosis and is prescribed alendronate. She takes calcium and vitamin D supplements, drinks lots of water, and has just quit smoking. The nurse should advise the patient to also: o Selected Answer: Perform light-weight exercises and go for walks.
26. A 38-year-old pregnant patient admits to the Nurse Practitioner that she is an alcoholic and has been consuming alcohol during her pregnancy. The nurse knows that using alcohol during pregnancy may result in a child who presents with: o Selected Answer: Microcephaly.
27. A 7-year-old child has tonsillitis and is prescribed penicillin V, which is to be administered at home. The nurse will instruct the parents to administer the drug: o Selected Answer: With a glass of water 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal.

32. A patient with AIDS has developed a number of secondary infections in recent weeks, including Kaposi's sarcoma. As a result of this most recent diagnosis, his care team has opted to begin treatment with interferon alfa-2a. The nurse is aware that this drug will address the etiology of Kaposi's sarcoma by: o Selected Answer: Inhibiting tumor growth by enhancing inflammation.
33. A 16-year-old boy is prescribed cromolyn sodium nasal spray to treat a nasal allergy. To maximize the therapeutic effects of the drug, which of the following will the nurse include in instructions to the patient? o Selected Answer: Take the drug for one full week before coming in contact with allergens.
34. Alprostadil (Caverject), a drug used to treat erectile dysfunction, has been prescribed to a 42-year-old patient. When providing education to the patient and his wife, the nurse should inform the wife about which of the following adverse effects? o Selected Answer: Vaginal burning.
35. A 56-year-old woman will soon begin treatment for her overactive bladder with tolterodine (Detrol). What patient teaching should the nurse provide to this woman?

o Selected Answer: "You might find that you get a dry mouth or a headache from this drug, but this does not mean it has to be discontinued."

36. A 54-year-old woman with a history of osteoporosis has been prescribed ciprofloxacin for recurrent cystitis. Because of the patient's history, the nurse would be sure to discuss with the woman the use of: o Selected Answer: Grapefruit juice.
37. An immunocompromised 7-year-old child was recently discharged home with a peripherally-inserted central line (PICC line) for home antibiotic therapy. He has now been brought to the emergency department by his mother and father with signs and symptoms of line sepsis. Upon questioning, the mother states that she has been removing the PICC dressing daily and washing the site with warm water and a cloth. What nursing diagnosis is most appropriate in this situation? o Selected Answer: Ineffective Family Therapeutic Regimen Management.
38. A 12-year-old boy is being discharged from the hospital after major surgery. The boy will be taking two medications at home for an extended period. The nurse who is discharging the patient should provide medication teaching specifically to: o Selected Answer: Both the boy and his mother regarding all medication issued.

43. A 45-year-old female patient is prescribed ciprofloxacin to treat a bronchial infection. A nursing assessment revealed that she started taking daily vitamin supplements about 2 years ago. To maximize the therapeutic effects of the ciprofloxacin therapy, the nurse should advise the patient to: o Selected Answer: Take the vitamins at least 2 hours before or after taking ciprofloxacin.
44. A female patient is taking filgrastim (Neupogen) to decrease the incidence of infection. The nurse notices a small increase in the neutrophil count 2 days after starting therapy. The nurse's evaluation of the increase is that: o Selected Answer: The increase in the neutrophil count is only transient.
45. A patient has completed 4 weeks of treatment with epoetin alfa. Which of the following assessment findings would most strongly indicate that treatment has been effective? o Selected Answer: The patient's hemoglobin level is 11 g/dL.
46. A Nurse Practitioner is instructing a 19-year-old female patient on the use of fluconazole for candida vaginitis. A teaching priority will be to:

o Selected Answer: Use an alternative form of birth control, if taking an oral contraceptive.

47. When planning care for a patient who is receiving filgrastim (Neupogen) for a non-myeloid malignancy, the nurse should formulate which of the following patient outcomes? (Select all that apply.) o Selected Answers:  The patient will not develop an infection.  The patient will not experience bone pain.  The patient will be able to self-administer filgrastim at home.  The patient will not develop febrile neutropenia.
48. An immunocompromised patient with a diagnosis of candidiasis has failed to respond to conservative therapy and has consequently begun treatment with amphotericin B. The nurse is aware that this drug achieves a therapeutic effect by way of its influence on: o Selected Answer: The permeability of fungal cell walls.
49. An elderly woman is slated for a hemiarthroplasty (hip replacement surgery) after falling and breaking her hip on the stairs outside her home. The woman's pain in the time since her injury has been severe, and her care team has been treating it with morphine. Which of the

53. The nurse practitioner orders Amoxicillin 500 mg tid. What is the total amount of medication the patient will take per day? o Selected Answer: 1500 mg.
54. A Nurse Practitioner who provides care on a pediatric medicine unit has conducted a medication reconciliation of a recently admitted patient. In light of the fact that the child takes methylphenidate (Ritalin), the nurse is justified in considering a history of what health problem? o Selected Answer: ADHD.
55. A 13-year-old female took a weight loss drug that activated the sympathetic nervous system. Which of the following assessment findings would the nurse expect? o Selected Answer: Increased cardiac conduction.
56. A 43-year-old man has been diagnosed with active TB. He is prescribed a multiple-drug therapy, including INH and rifampin. A priority assessment by the nurse will be to monitor which combination of laboratory test results? o Selected Answer: Serum alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and bilirubin.

57. A patient has been admitted to the critical care unit with a diagnosis of peritonitis that has necessitated treatment with gentamicin. As a result, the care team should be cautious when concurrently administering other medications that may cause: o Selected Answer: Ototoxicity or nephrotoxicity.
58. A Nurse Practitioner is aware that the concept of selective toxicity is foundational to antimicrobial therapy. Which of the following statements most accurately describes selective toxicity? o Selected Answer: A drug harms microbes without harming human cells.
59. A 45-year-old woman with acute leukemia is going to begin chemotherapy with vincristine. The nurse is aware that vincristine must always be administered: o Selected Answer: Through a central line.
60. Which of the following would the nurse include in a teaching plan about the signs and symptoms of thrombophlebitis and thromboembolism that should be reported by a patient taking estrogen? o Selected Answer: Headaches and chest pain.

o Selected Answer: Assess the area and make sure that there are no open lesions or abrasions.

66. A Nurse Practitioner works at a weight management clinic. To which of the following overweight patients could the nurse safely administer dextroamphetamine? o Selected Answer: A 48-year-old Caucasian man who has adult-onset diabetes.
67. A Nurse Practitioner is having difficulty administering a bitter drug to a 5-year-old child. The nurse should: o Selected Answer: Offer the child a flavored ice chip or ice pop prior to administering the drug.
68. An oncology nurse is aware of the risks for injury that exist around the preparation, transportation, and administration of chemotherapeutic agents. In order to reduce these risks of injury, the nurse should take which of the following actions? o Selected Answer: Prime the IV tubing with an approved IV solution rather than with the drug itself.
69. A Nurse Practitioner is reviewing the pre-pregnancy medication regimen of a patient who has just had a positive pregnancy test. The nurse should be aware of which of the following changes in pharmacokinetics that accompanies pregnancy?

o Selected Answer: Increased drug distribution resulting from hemodynamic changes.

70. The Nurse Practitioner has established peripheral IV access and begun an infusion of magnesium sulfate on a 29-year-old antepartum patient who is 35 weeks pregnant. Which of the following assessment findings most likely prompted the patient's physician to order magnesium sulfate for this patient? o Selected Answer: Systolic blood pressure readings in excess of 190 mmHg.
71. Which of the following would a Nurse Practitioner assess for in a patient who is taking polymyxin B systemically? o Selected Answer: Nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity.
72. A patient is receiving cefazolin in combination with anticoagulants. To minimize the adverse effects during therapy, the nurse will: o Selected Answer: Monitor the patient for bleeding gums.
73. A male patient is experiencing climacteric symptoms secondary to androgen deficiency. His physician has prescribed testosterone. The nursing assessment reveals that the patient has had a myocardial infarction. The combination of testosterone therapy and a history of myocardial infarction would place that patient at a significantly higher risk of: