ADVANCED TRAUMA LIFE SUPPORT (ATLS) LATEST 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM, Exams of Nursing

Download ADVANCED TRAUMA LIFE SUPPORT (ATLS) LATEST 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! ADVANCED TRAUMA LIFE SUPPORT (ATLS) LATEST 2024-2025 ACTUAL EXAM 45-year-old patient is found supine on the floor. Healthcare providers note pinpoint pupils, shallow respirations, and vomitus in and around the mouth. What course of action should be taken next? a. Initiate an IV and administer naloxone b. Supplemental oxygen and suction c. Obtain a blood glucose level d. Begin BVM ventilations - ANSWER>>B Patients with a history of COPD that present with an acute onset of shortness of breath are likely to have what condition? a. Pulmonary embolism b. Angina pectoris c. Angioedema d. Hypertensive crisis - ANSWER>>A During compensatory shock, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is activated to cause a/an: a. Increase in preload, afterload, and re-absorption of sodium b. Decrease in preload, afterload, and re-absorption of sodium c. Hypotension and bradycardia d. Vasodilation and sodium retention - ANSWER>>A What clinical findings are most commonly associated with a pulmonary embolus? a. Clear breath sounds with tachypnea b. Rhonchi auscultated bilaterally with hypercarbia c. Crackles heard in the bases with bradycardia d. Fever, tachycardia, and tachypnea with increased work of breathing - ANSWER>>A What condition is most likely to cause respiratory acidosis? a. Anxiety/panic attack b. Narcotic overdose c. Methanol ingestion d. Diabetic ketoacidosis - ANSWER>>B A 55-year-old complains of an 'aching' chest discomfort that persists over several days. The patient has a temperature of 101F (38.3C). Which finding will help narrow the diagnosis to pericarditis? a. Pain is relieved when supine b. Pulsus alternans is present c. S3 gallop is auscultated d. ST-segment elevation in all leads - ANSWER>>D Anaphylaxis is most associated with which physiological event? a. Hemorrhage b. Vasodilation c. Bradycardia d. Hypertension - ANSWER>>B Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by what pathological change? a. Excessive mucous production b. Inflammation of the visceral pleura c. Breakdown of the alveolar-capillary membrane d. Accumulation of fluid between the pleural layers - ANSWER>>C Continuous positive airway pressure would be most beneficial in treating which patient? a. A 43yo with a decreased LOC with respiratory difficulty b. A 22yo with severe asthma who is not responding to nebulizer treatments c. A 38yo with carpal pedal spasms, clear lung sounds, and respirations of 40/min d. A 55yo with jugular vein distension and a BP of 90/60 - ANSWER>>B What is the initial treatment for a patient experiencing hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic coma (HHNC)? a. Crystalloid IV fluid administration b. Administration of dextrose c. Administration of insulin d. Fluid bolus of 5% dextrose in water (D5W) - ANSWER>>A Your patient has had a seizure secondary to a nerve agent exposure. What medication would be best to diminish the seizure? a. Atropine b. Diphenhydramine c. Midazolam d. Pralidoxime - ANSWER>>C Respiratory alkalosis may occur as a result of: a. Familial history of heart disease b. Recent stent placement c. Nausea and vomiting d. Daily use of aspirin - ANSWER>>B The patient complains of sharp chest pain that worsens when supine. He is bed ridden due to complications from a recent hip surgery. The patient is tachypneic and the ECG reveals sinus tachycardia. What is the patient's working diagnosis? a. Cardiac tamponade b. Gastroenteritis c. Pneumothorax d. Pulmonary embolism - ANSWER>>D A patient is a resident in an assisted living facility to obtain physical therapy after a knee replacement surgery. She complains of a rash that is red and has small bumps. She has been feeling ill for several days. What is the most likely working diagnosis? a. Escherichia coli b. Shigellosis c. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus d. Clostridum difficile - ANSWER>>C A foreign exchange university student is found by his roommate and EMS is dispatched. The patient presents with an unusual flat red rash on his chest and arms. He has been ill with fever, nausea, and vomiting. Physical exam reveals stiffness of the neck. The healthcare provider will anticipate which diagnosis? a. Chicken pox (varicella) b. Meningitis c. Encephalitis d. H5, N1 (avian) influenza - ANSWER>>B Healthcare providers are treating a 49yo male complaining of diffuse abdominal cramping. He has been ill with vomiting for 3 days. What working diagnosis is most probable? a. Appendicitis b. Cholecystitis c. Diverticulitis d. Gastroenteritis - ANSWER>>D While assessing your patient, you note he involuntary flexes the legs in response to flexing his neck. The patient is presenting with: a. A positive Murphy's sign indicating possible cholecystitis b. A positive Brudzinski's sign indicating possible meningitis c. A positive Psoas sign indicating possible meningitis d. The presence of a Babinski reflex indicating possible spinal cord lesion - ANSWER>>B Healthcare providers are assessing an obese 49yo who is lethargic and has not been feeling well for several days. His family reports a history of extreme thirst. Vital sings are P 143, R 14, and BP 88/58. He takes medication for type 2 diabetes daily. What is the most probably working diagnosis? a. Thyroid storm b. Cushing's syndrome c. Diabetic ketoacidosis d. Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic coma - ANSWER>>D A firefighter has been working a fire for 4 hours on a humid, hot day. He suddenly becomes nauseated and restless. The provider observes pupil dilation and an almond odor to his breath. The vital signs are P 56, R 22, BP 140/86. The ECG reveals sinus bradycardia with occasional PACs. Which toxin exposure has occurred? a. Carbon monoxide poisoning b. Cocaine overdose c. Ethanol poisoning d. Cyanide poisoning - ANSWER>>D Healthcare providers are treating a patient that has taken an unknown amount of a prescribed pain medicine along with an OTC analgesic numerous times over the last 36 hours for chronic lumbar pain. The patient is experiencing abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. The providers note pallor and diaphoresis. Blood glucose is 42. What toxin overdose is suspected? a. Amphetamine b. Acetaminophen c. Barbiturate d. Benzodiazepine - ANSWER>>B A patient complains of nausea and is passing black, tarry stools rectally. This patient is most likely suffering from: a. Cholecystitis b. Lower GI bleed c. Upper GI bleed d. Bowel obstruction - ANSWER>>C The provider assesses a patient suffering from fever, nausea, vomiting, and per- umbilical pain. Further evaluation reveals RLQ pain and lower back pain. A physical exam reveals an increase in RLQ pain when the patient's right leg is extended from the hip (Psoas Sign). Which working diagnosis is most appropriate? a. GI bleed b. Acute pancreatitis c. Pleural effusion d. Appendicitis - ANSWER>>D Intra-abdominal bleeds, like pancreatitis, often present with discoloration or bruising around the umbilicus. This physical exam finding is known as: a. Cullen's sign b. Roving's sign c. Psoas sign d. Murphy's sign - ANSWER>>A Which of the following is a hallmark sign of tricyclic antidepressant toxicity? a. Dysrhythmias b. Rash c. Drooling d. Hyperventilation - ANSWER>>A A daughter states that her 72yo mother has a history of hypertension, high cholesterol, and rheumatoid arthritis. Daily medications include aspirin, Tenormin, Plaquenil, and Plavix. She is concerned as her mother has mixed up her medications and is now lethargic with diminished respirations. Vital signs are P 58 and regular, R 10 and shallow, and a BP of 90/74. Blood glucose is 52. Which medication toxicity would be indicative of this presentation? a. Calcium channel blockers b. Salicylate c. Beta blocker d. Anticoagulant - ANSWER>>C If untreated, a cardiac tamponade will present with signs and symptoms of which type of shock? a. Hypovolemia b. Neurogenic c. Obstructive d. Cardiogenic - ANSWER>>C A patient presents anxious with difficulty in breathing and chest pain. An assessment reveals hypotension, muffled heart tones, and distended neck veins. There is a past medical history of pericarditis. The provider notes that there is a decrease in systolic