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Aerobic Respiration: Exam Questions and Answers, Exams of Nursing

A comprehensive set of questions and answers related to aerobic respiration, covering key concepts such as glycolysis, the krebs cycle, and electron transport chain. It is a valuable resource for students studying cellular respiration and energy metabolism in biology or related fields.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 12/30/2024

michael-abonyo
michael-abonyo 🇺🇸

106 documents

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Aerobic Respiration/Electron

Transfer Chain, Anatomy &

Physiology The Unity of Form &

Function, 9th edition, Saladin,

Chapter 26 exam with 100%

correct solutions

What is the first step of aerobic respiration? - ANSWER-glycolysis Where does glycolysis take place? - ANSWER-cytoplasm What is the net # of ATP made in glycolysis? - ANSWER- How is ATP made in glycolysis? - ANSWER-substrate-level phosphorylation What other products are made in glycolysis (excluding ATP)? - ANSWER- pyruvate, 2 NADH What is the molecular formula for glucose? - ANSWER-C6H12O What is the coenzyme produced from glycolysis? - ANSWER-2 NADH

What is the job of the coenzyme? - ANSWER-to transfer electrons How many carbons are in each molecule of pyruvate produced in glycolysis?

  • ANSWER- What is the second step of aerobic respiration? - ANSWER-prep reactions (transition step) Where do the prep/transition reactions take place? - ANSWER-matrix of the mitochondria How many net ATP are produced in the prep/transition reactions? - ANSWER- How is ATP made in prep/transition reactions? - ANSWER-N/A What other products are made in the prep/transition reactions (excluding ATP)? - ANSWER-2 CO 2 acetyl-CoA 2 NADH What is the third step of aerobic respiration? - ANSWER-Krebs cycle What is another name for the Krebs cycle? - ANSWER-citric acid cycle

Where does the Krebs cycle take place? - ANSWER-matrix of mitochondria How many net ATP are produced in the Krebs cycle? - ANSWER- How is ATP made in the Krebs cycle? - ANSWER-substrate-level phosphorylation What other products are made in the Krebs cycle (excluding ATP)? - ANSWER-4 CO 2 FADH 6 NADH What is the fourth step in aerobic respiration? - ANSWER-Electron Transfer Phosphorylation (ETP) Where does ETP take place? - ANSWER-cristae of mitochondria How many net ATP are produced in ETP? - ANSWER- How is the ATP made in ETP? - ANSWER-chemiosmosis What other products are made in ETP (excluding ATP)? - ANSWER-6 H2O 10 NAD+ 2 FAD

What is another name for anaerobic respiration? - ANSWER-fermentation Where does lactic acid fermentation take place? - ANSWER-cytoplasm, especially in skeletal muscle cells What is the primary goal of lactate fermentation? - ANSWER-regenerates NAD+ How many net ATP are produced in lactate fermentation? - ANSWER- How is the ATP produced in lactate fermentation? - ANSWER-substrate- level phosphorylation of glycolysis What other products are made in lactate fermentation (excluding ATP)? - ANSWER-2 NAD+ 2 lactate What is another term for lactate? - ANSWER-lactic acid What reduces 2 molecules of NAD+? - ANSWER-glycolysis Are NAD and FAD oxidized or reduced by aerobic respiration? - ANSWER- oxidized

Are NADH and FADH2 oxidized or reduced by aerobic respiration? - ANSWER-reduced Is oxidation a loss or gain of electrons? - ANSWER-loss Is reduction a loss or gain of electrons? - ANSWER-gain What is the total yield of ATP in aerobic respiration? - ANSWER- What is another name for aerobic respiration? - ANSWER-electron transfer chain What determines whether aerobic respiration or anaerobic fermentation will take place? - ANSWER-oxygen availability What is the equation for aerobic respiration? - ANSWER-C6H12O6 + 6 O → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP energy What is the goal of aerobic respiration? - ANSWER-generate ATP Why do anaerobic fermentation if it does not contribute any ATP (beyond what was made in glycolysis)? - ANSWER-where there's not enough O2 to reduce lactic acid Where does anaerobic respiration begin? - ANSWER-cytoplasm

Where does aerobic respiration begin? - ANSWER-cytoplasm Where does anaerobic respiration end? - ANSWER-cytoplasm Where does aerobic respiration end? - ANSWER-cristae of mitochondria What is the final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration? - ANSWER- oxygen The inner membrane of a mitochondrion contains the protein __________, which harnesses the energy created by H+ flow to produce ATP by a process called __________. - ANSWER-ATP synthase, chemiosmosis Metabolism of these is crucial to the body - ANSWER-glucose and glycogen Glycogenesis and Gluconeogenesis are what type of reaction? - ANSWER- anabolic glycolysis and glycogenolysis are what type of reaction? - ANSWER- catabolic Glucose is synthesized from - ANSWER-glycerol and amino acids

The process where Glucose is synthesized from glycerol and amino acids is called what? - ANSWER-gluconeogenesis This can be used for either anaerobic fermentation or aerobic respiration - ANSWER-pyruvate Glycogenesis is stimulated by - ANSWER-insulin Glycogenolysis is stimulated by - ANSWER-glucagon and epinephrine step that transfers an inorganic phosphate to glucose - ANSWER- phosphorylation What is G6P? - ANSWER-glucose-6-phosphate What step of glycolysis rearranges G6P? - ANSWER-priming What term means breakdown or decomposition? - ANSWER-lysis In the priming step of glycolysis, fructose 1,6-diphosphate is split into two 3- C molecules, becoming the pyruvate. This fructose can also be called what?

  • ANSWER-glucose The chemical addition of a phosphoryl group (PO3-) to an organic molecule is known as what? - ANSWER-phosphorylation

Hydrogen atoms are removed from PGAL in what process? - ANSWER- oxidation What is it called when phosphate groups are removed in glycolysis? - ANSWER-dephosphorylation Incomplete fatty acid oxidation produces __________, which might lead to __________. - ANSWER-ketone bodies, acidosis The movement of protons through ATP synthase occurs from where to where? - ANSWER-intermembrane space to matrix When oxygen accepts electrons, what is produced as a byproduct? - ANSWER-water Before entering the Krebs cycle, what is pyruvate converted to? - ANSWER- Acetyl-CoA The Kreb's cycle must run twice to completely break down the two pyruvate molecules. What will a single "turn" of the Krebs cycle yield? - ANSWER- ATP, 3 NADH, and 1 FADH Cells obtain energy by __________ food molecules such as glucose. - ANSWER-oxidizing

Oxidation - ANSWER-removing hydrogen from a molecule Reduction - ANSWER-adding hydrogen to a molecule Whenever one molecule is _________, another molecule must be __________. - ANSWER-oxidized, reduced True or False: NADH serves as an electron carrier that can donate its hydrogen to other molecules - ANSWER-True What is the synthesis of ATP via a proton gradient called? - ANSWER- Chemiosmosis What enzyme is used to synthesize ATP? - ANSWER-ATP synthase