AHA PALS 2020 EXAMS WITH VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS, Exams of Nursing

Download AHA PALS 2020 EXAMS WITH VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! AHA PALS 2020 EXAMS WITH VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2023-2024 ALREADY GRADED A 100% GUARANTEED PASS 1. A 3-year-old child was recently diagnosed with leukemia and has been treated with chemotherapy. The child presents with lethargy and a high fever. Heart rate is 195/min, respiratory rate is 36/min, blood pressure is 85/40 mm Hg, and capillary refill time is less than 2 seconds. What is the child's most likely condition? A. Septic shock B. Hypovolemic shock C. Significant bradycardia D. Cardiogenic shock Septic shock 2. A 2-week-old infant presents with irritability and a history of poor feeding. Blood pressure is 55/40 mm Hg. What term describes this infant's blood pressure? A. Hypotensive B. Normal C. Hypertensive D. Compensated Hypotensive 3. During a resuscitation attempt, the team leader orders an initial dose of epinephrine at 0.1 mg/kg to be given 1/0. What should the team member do? A. Administer the drug as ordered B. Administer 0.01 mg/kg of epinephrine C. Respectfully ask the team leader to clarify the dose D. Refuse to administer the drug Respectfully ask the team leader to clarify the dose 4. Which of the following is a characteristic of respiratory failure? A. Inadequate oxygenation and/or ventilation B. Hypotension C. An increase in serum pH (alkalosis) D. Abnormal respiratory sounds Inadequate oxygenation and/or ventilation 5. Which of the following is most likely to produce a prolonged expiratory phase and wheezing? A. Disordered control of breathing B. Hypovolemic shock C. Lower airway obstruction D. Upper airway obstruction Lower airway obstruction 6. A 4-year-old child presents with seizures and irregular respirations. The seizures stopped a few minutes ago. Which of the following most likely to be abnormal? A. Vascular resistance B. Pulse rate C. Lung compliance D. Control of breathing Control of breathing 7. What abnormality is most likely to be present in children with acute respiratory distress caused by lung tissue disease? A. Decreased oxygen saturation B. Stridor C. Normal respiratory rate D. Decreased respiratory effort Decreased oxygen saturation 8. An alert 2-year-old child with an increased work of breathing and pink color is being evaluated. Heart rate is 110/min, and respiratory rate is 30/min. What would best describe this patient's condition? A. Respiratory distress B. Respiratory arrest C. Respiratory failure D. Disordered control of breathing Respiratory distress 9. The parents of a 7-year-old child who is undergoing chemotherapy report that the child has been febrile and has not been feeling well, with recent onset of lethargy. Assessment reveals the following: The child is difficult to arouse, with pale color. The child's heart rate is 160/min, respiratory rate is 30/min, blood pressure is 76/45 mm Hg, capillary refill time is 5 to 6 seconds, and temperature is 103°F (39.4°C). What is the most appropriate intervention? A. Obtain vascular access and administer 20 mL/kg of isotonic crystalloid over 30 minutes B. Obtain vascular access and administer 20 mL/kg of isotonic crystalloid over 5 to 10 minutes C. Obtain immediate blood cultures and chest x-ray D. Obtain expert consultation with an oncologist to determine the chemotherapeutic regimen Obtain vascular access and administer 20 mL/kg of isotonic crystalloid over 5 to 10 minutes 11. A 2-year-old child presents with a 4-day history of vomiting. The initial impression reveals an unresponsive child with intermittent apnea and mottled color. Heart rate is 166/min, respiratory rate is now being supported with bag-mask ventilation, capillary refill time is 5 to 6 seconds, and temperature is 102°F (38.9°C). What is the best method of establishing immediate vascular access? A. Two providers may attempt peripheral vascular access twice each C. Verify the endotracheal tube position D. Aggressively suction the endotracheal tube Verify the endotracheal tube position 21. For a 6-month-old infant with supraventricular tachycardia and adequate perfusion, which of the following is the preferred vagal maneuver? A. Ocular pressure B. Carotid pressure C. Valsalva maneuver D. Ice to the face Ice to the face 22. A child presents with severe respiratory distress, urticaria, stridor, and tachycardia about 10 minutes after eating peanuts. What is the most appropriate initial medication for this child? A. Nebulized albuterol B. Epinephrine IM C. Isotonic crystalloid IV D. Methylprednisolone Epinephrine IM 23. A 2-year-old child was found submerged in a swimming pool. She is unresponsive, not breathing, and pulseless. In addition to performing high-quality CPR and establishing vascular access, which of the following is the most appropriate intervention? A. Give atropine 0.02 mg/kg lIO/IV B. Apply cricoid pressure C. Give epinephrine 0.01 mg/kg IO/IV D. Provide transthoracic pacing Give epinephrine 0.01 mg/kg IO/IV 24. A 3-year-old child is unresponsive, not breathing, and pulseless. High-quality CPR is in progress. A cardiac monitor is applied, and the rhythm of vfib is noted. What is the next appropriate intervention? A. Attempt defibrillation with a 2 J/kg shock B. Administer epinephrine 0.01 mg/kg C. Consider placement of an advanced airway D. Administer amiodarone 5 mg/kg Attempt defibrillation with a 2 J/kg shock 25. A pulseless 6-week-old infant arrives in the emergency department, and high-quality CPR is in progress. The initial rhythm of aystole is shown. CPR continues, and vascular access has been established. What is the next appropriate intervention? A. Administer atropine 0.02 mg/kg IO/IV B. Attempt defibrillation with a 2 J/kg shock C. Administer epinephrine 0.01 mg/kg IO/IV D. Consider insertion of an advanced airway Administer epinephrine 0.01 mg/kg IO/IV 26. A 6-month-old infant is unresponsive and not breathing. What is the maximum time that should be spent trying to palpate the pulse before starting CPR? A. 10 seconds B. 15 seconds C. 30 seconds D. 60 seconds 10 seconds 27. What is the recommended location to check for a pulse in a 3- month-old infant? A. Carotid B. Radial C. Brachial D. Cardiac apex C. Brachial 28. A 7-year-old child presents in pulseless arrest. The child's ECG shows the rhythm of NSR Which of the following describes the patient's condition? A. Ventricular escape rhythm B. Ventricular tachycardia C. Pulseless electrical activity D. Sinus bradycardia Pulseless electrical activity 30. A 12-year-old child suddenly collapses while playing sports. He is unresponsive and not breathing. Emergency response is activated. The child has no pulse, and CPR is initiated. An AED arrives. What is the most appropriate next intervention? A. Contact the child's family B. Provide CPR for 2 minutes C. Drive the child to the hospital D. Use the AED Use the AED 31. A 6-year-old child is found unresponsive, not breathing, and pulseless. What is the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio when 2 or more healthcare providers are present to perform CPR? A. 15;2 B;30;1 C;15;3 D Wait for help 15:2 32. A 5-year-old child has had severe respiratory distress for 2 days. During assessment the child's heart rate decreases from 140/min to 90/min, and the child's respiratory rate decreases from 66/min to 8/min. What intervention is most appropriate? A. Provide rescue breaths at a rate of 12 to 20/min B. Provide rescue breaths at a rate of 6 to 10/min C. Initiate chest compressions at a rate of at least 100/min D. Initiate chest compressions at a rate of 60/min Provide rescue breaths at a rate of 12 to 20/min 33. A 7-year-old child presents with a narrow-complex supraventricular tachycardia, lethargy, and poor perfusion. Pulses are weak and thready. Vascular access cannot be established. What is the most appropriate intervention? A. Unsynchronized shock with 0.5 to 1 J/kg B. Synchronized shock with 0.5 to 1 J/kg C. Unsynchronized shock with 2 J/kg D. Synchronized shock with 2 J/kg Synchronized shock with 0.5 to 1 J/kg 1. A 13-year-old patient with asthma just received oxygen and albuterol via a nebulizer. What is the next most appropriate intervention? A. Administer 0.1 mg/kg of adenosine B. Obtain a blood sample to evaluate arterial or venous blood gases C. Reassess breath sounds and clinical status D. Repeat the albuterol treatment Reassess breath sounds and clinical status 2. The respiratory rate of a 1-year-old child with respiratory distress has decreased from 65/min to 30/min. The child is more lethargic and continues to have subcostal retractions. What does this change likely indicate? A. Respiratory distress is unchanged B. Progression toward respiratory failure C. Improved respiratory status D. Neurologic impairment Progression toward respiratory failure 3. What is the most likely cause of head bobbing in infants? A. Increased respiratory effort B. Improving respiratory status C. Decompensated shock D. Brain injury Increased respiratory effort 4. Several healthcare providers are participating in an attempted resuscitation. Which of the following is most consistent with the responsibilities of the team leader of the resuscitation? A. Records medications and interventions B. Assigns roles to team members rhythm below is seen on the cardiac monitor. What is the most appropriate initial intervention? A. Give adenosine 0.1 mg/kg rapid IV push B. Perform carotid sinus massage C. Perform synchronized cardioversion at 0.5 J/kg D. Attempt defibrillation at 2 J/kg Give adenosine 0.1 mg/kg rapid IV push 18. An 8-month-old infant is being evaluated. The child's mother says the infant has not been feeding well. The infant is alert with rapid but unlabored breathing, and the infant's color is pale. A cardiac monitor is applied, and the rhythm below is noted. Distal pulses are readily palpable. You give oxygen and establish IV access. What is the most appropriate vagal maneuver? A. Valsalva maneuver B. Carotid massage C. Ocular pressure D. Ice to the face Ice to the face 19. A 7-year-old child presents with a narrow-complex supraventricular tachycardia, lethargy, and poor perfusion. Pulses are weak and thready. Vascular access cannot be established. What is the most appropriate intervention? A. Unsynchronized shock with 0.5 to 1 J/kg B. Synchronized shock with 0.5 to 1 J/kg C. Unsynchronized shock with 2 J/kg D. Synchronized shock with 2 J/kg Synchronized shock with 0.5 to 1 J/kg 20. A 3-month-old infant presents with lethargy and a 3-day history of vomiting, diarrhea, and poor feeding. The initial impression reveals lethargy, increased respiratory effort with retractions, and pale, mottled skin color. Vital signs are as follows: heart rate 210/min, respiratory rate 60/min, and blood pressure 60/40 mm Hg. Peripheral pulses are thready, and capillary refill time is 4 seconds. The cardiac monitor displays the rhythm below. After administration of oxygen and establishment of vascular access, what is the most appropriate intervention? A. Adenosine O.1 mg/kg IV rapid push B. Vagal maneuvers C. Synchronized shock at 0.5 to 1 J/kg D. IV fluid bolus of 20 mL/kg normal saline IV fluid bolus of 20 mL/kg normal saline 21. A 3-year-old child is unresponsive, gasping, and has no detectable pulse. CPR is initiated. A monitor is attached, and the rhythm is shown below. What is the appropriate next therapy? A. Attempted defibrillation with 2 J/kg B. Synchronized cardioversion with 0.5 to 1 J/kg C. Epinephrine 0.01 mg/kg 10/IV D. Amiodarone 5 mg/kg 1O/IV Attempted defibrillation with 2 J/kg 22. A 2-year-old child is in pulseless arrest. The child has received high-quality CPR, 2 shocks, and a dose of IV epinephrine. The next rhythm check reveals the rhythm shown below. What would be an appropriate energy dose for the third defibrillation attempt? A. 2 J/kg B. 2 to 4 J/kg C. 4 J/kg or greater D. Greater than 10 J/kg 4 J/kg or greater 23. A 12-year-old child suddenly collapses while playing sports. He is unresponsive and not breathing. Emergency response is activated. The child has no pulse, and CPR is initiated. An AED arrives. What is the most appropriate next intervention? A. Contact the child's family B. Provide CPR for 2 minutes C. Drive the child to the hospital D. Use the AED Use the AED 24. A 3-year-old child is in cardiac arrest, and high- quality CPR is in progress. The first rhythm check reveals the rhythm below. Defibrillation is attempted with a shock dose of 2 J/kg. After administration of the shock, what is the most appropriate next intervention? A. Resume CPR, beginning with chest compressions B. Check for a pulse C. Analyze the rhythm D. Administer epinephrine Resume CPR, beginning with chest compressions 25. Which of the following is a characteristic of respiratory failure? A. Inadequate oxygenation and/or ventilation B. Hypotension C. An increase in serum pH (alkalosis) D. Abnormal respiratory sounds Inadequate oxygenation and/or ventilation 26. A 3-year-old child is in cardiac arrest, and a resuscitation attempt is in progress. The child is in ventricular fibrillation and was given a shock at 2 J/kg, followed by immediate CPR. At the next rhythm check, ventricular fibrillation is again noted on the cardiac monitor. What is the most appropriate next intervention? A. Attempt defibrillation with a 4 J/kg shock B. Attempt defibrillation with a 2 J/kg shock C. Resume CPR D. Check for a pulse for at least 10 seconds A. Attempt defibrillation with a 4 J/kg shock 27. CPR is in progress on a 10-month-old infant who was unresponsive and not breathing, with no palpable pulse. A cardiac monitor is applied, and sinus bradycardia at a rate of 42/min is noted. CPR is resumed, and vascular access is obtained. Which of the following is the most appropriate intervention? A. Epinephrine 0.01 mg/kg IO/IV B. Atropine 0.5 mg/kg IO/IV C. Amiodarone 5 mg/kg IO/IV D. Lidocaine 1 mg/kg IO/IV Epinephrine 0.01 mg/kg IO/IV 28. During a pediatric resuscitation attempt, what is most likely to contribute to high-quality CPR? A. A depth of compressions of about one fourth the anterior-posterior depth of the chest B. A compression rate of 80/min C. Pulse checks performed once per minute D. Allowing the chest wall to recoil completely between compressions Allowing the chest wall to recoil completely between compressions 29. While you are performing CPR on an infant in cardiac arrest at a doctor's office, a second rescuer arrives with an AED. Which of the following best describes the use of an AED on this infant? A. The use of AEDS is not recommended on an infant. B. There are not enough data to recommend for or against the use of AEDS on infants. C. Only pediatric pads may be used on infants. D. If pediatric pads are unavailable, it is acceptable to use adult pads. D. If pediatric pads are unavailable, it is acceptable to use adult pads. 30. A 5-year-old child is hit in the chest with a baseball and suddenly collapses. High-quality CPR is being performed. When the AED arrives, only adult AED pads are available. What should the rescuer do? A. Use the AED with adult pads B. Wait for pediatric AED pads and use them as soon as they are available C. Continue the steps of CPR for 2 minutes before using the AED D. Await arrival of a manual defibrillator Use the AED with adult pads 32. Which of the following is most likely to produce a prolonged expiratory phase and wheezing? A. Disordered control of breathing B. Hypovolemic shock C. Lower airway obstruction D. Upper airway obstruction Lower airway obstruction 33. A 5-year-old child has had severe respiratory distress for 2 days. During assessment the child's heart rate decreases from 140/min to 90/min, and the child's respiratory rate decreases from 66/min to 8/min. Which of the following is the next appropriate intervention?