Airway Management: FISDAP Test Questions and Answers, Exams of Medicine

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Chapter 11 Airway Management FISDAP

Test Questions and Answers

A patient who is suspected of being hypoxic and is breathing adequately should be given supplemental oxygen with a: - Correct Answer Non- breathing mask The nasal cannula is MOST appropriately used in the prehospital setting: - Correct Answer when the patient cannont tolerate a nonbreathing mask The primary waste product of aerobic metabolism is: - Correct Answer carbon dioxide The Nasopharyngeal airway is MOST beneficial because it: - Correct Answer can maintain a patent airway in a semiconscious patient with a gag reflex The MOST significant complication association with oropharyngeal suctioning is: - Correct Answer hypoxia due to prolonged suction attempts. What is the alveolar minute volume of a patient with a tidal volume of 500 mL, a dead space volume of 150 mL, and a respiratory rate of 16 breaths/minute? - Correct Answer 5,600 mL You are ventilating an apneic woman with a bag-mask device. She has dentures, which are tight fitting. Adequate chest rise is present with each ventilation, and the patient's oxygen saturation reads 96%. When you reassess the patency of her airway, you note that her dentures are now loose, although your ventilations are still producing adequate chest rise. You should: - Correct Answer Remove her dentures, resume ventilations, and assess for adequate chest rise. Tidal volume is defined as the volume of air that: - Correct Answer moves into or out of the lungs in a single breath. A 37-year old male has an apparent foreign body airway obstruction. He is conscious and alert and is coughing forcefully. His skin is pink, warm, and

most. The MOST appropriate treatment for this patient includes: - Correct Answer encouraging him to cough and transporting. For which of the following conditions would the EMT most likely administer humidified oxygen? - Correct Answer Croup Inhalation occurs when the: - Correct Answer diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract and cause a decrease in intrathoracic pressure The MOSt serious complication associated with using a nasopharyngeal airway in a patient with trauma to the head or face is: - Correct Answer pentrating the cranium CPAP is indicated for patients who: - Correct Answer have pulmonary edema and can follow verbal commands Prior to applying a nonrebreathing mask to a patient, you must ensure that the: - Correct Answer reservoir bag is fully inflated. Which of the following is the MOST reliable indicator of adequately performed bag mask ventilations in an apneic adult with a pulse? - Correct Answer Adequate rise of the chest when squeezing the bag. You are ventilating a 40 year old uninjured man who is apneic but has a pulse. When your partner reassesses his blood pressure, she notes that he has decreased significantly from previous readings. You should: - Correct Answer reduce the rate or volume of the ventilations you are delivering. Which of the following patients MOST likely require insertion of an oropharyngeal airway? - Correct Answer A 40 year old unconscious patient with slow, shallow respirations. The actual exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs in the: - Correct Answer alveolar sacs. Without adequate oxygen, the body's cells - Correct Answer incompletely convert glucose into energy, and lactic acid accumulates in the blood.

As the single EMT managing an apneic patient's airway, the preferred initial method of providing ventilations is the: - Correct Answer mouth to mask technique with a one way valve. In which of the following patients would the head tilt-chin lift manuever be the MOST appropriate method of opening the airway? - Correct Answer A 37 year old female who is found unconscious in her bed. Which of the following statements regarding positive-pressure ventilation is correct? - Correct Answer With positive - pressure ventilation, more volume is required to have the same effects as normal breathing. Based on current guidelines, in which of the following situations should supplemental oxygen be administered? - Correct Answer exposure to carbon monoxide and an oxygen saturation of 94% A 23-year old male experienced severe head trauma after his motorcycle collided with an oncoming truck. He is unconscious, has agonal gasps, and has copious bloody secretions in his mouth. How should you manage his airway? - Correct Answer Alternate oropharyngeal suctioning and ventilation with a bag-mask device. To select the proper size oropharyngeal airway, you should measure from the: - Correct Answer corner of the mouth to the earlobe. You are ventilating a patient with a stoma; however, air is escaping from the mouth and nose. To prevent this, you should: - Correct Answer seal the mouth and nose. A 19-year old female is found unconscious by her roommate. Your primary assessment reveals that her breathing is inadequate. As you insert an oropharyngeal airway, she begins to gag violently. You should: - Correct Answer remove the airway and be prepared to suction her oropharynx. Central chemoreceptors located in the medulla provide feedback to increase the rate and depth of breathing when they sense: - Correct Answer slight increases in carbon dioxide or a decrease in the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid.

Which of the following would cause an increase in the amount of exhaled carbon dioxide? - Correct Answer Increased cardiac output Each cell of the body combines nutrients and oxygen and produces energy and waste products through a process called: - Correct Answer metabolism An oxygen cylinder should be taken out of service and refilled when the pressure inside it is less than: - Correct Answer 500 psi At a flow rate of 6 L/min, a nasal cannula can deliver an approximate oxygen concentration of up to: - Correct Answer 44% Gas exchange in the lungs is facilitated by: - Correct Answer adequate amounts of surfactant. High flow oxygen with a nasal cannula during the preoxygenation phase of endotracheal intubation is called: - Correct Answer apneic oxygenation Irregular respirations characterized by an increasing rate and depth of breathing followed by periods of apnea are called: - Correct Answer Cheyne-Stokes respirations Oxygen toxicity is a condition in which: - Correct Answer cellular tissue damage occurs from excessive oxygen levels in the blood. Structures of the lower airway include all of the following, except - Correct Answer the epiglottis The diaphragm is innervated by the ____ nerve, which allows it to contract

• Correct Answer phrenic The hypoxic drive is influenced by: - Correct Answer low blood oxygen levels The presence of elevated carbon dioxide levels in the blood is called: - Correct Answer hypercarbia The pressure of gas in a full cylinder of oxygen is approximately _____ pounds per square inch (psi). - Correct Answer 2000

What is the MOST common cause of airway obstruction in an unconscious patient? - Correct Answer The tongue Which of the following factors will cause a reduction in minute volume in an adult? - Correct Answer shallow breathing Which of the following is a late sign of hypoxia? - Correct Answer cyanosis Which of the following organs or tissues can survive the longest without oxygen? - Correct Answer muscle Which of the following oxygen flowmeters is NOT affected by gravity and can be used in any position when attached to an oxygen cylinder? - Correct Answer Bourdon-gauge flowmeter Which of the following patients is breathing adequately? - Correct Answer A conscious male with respirations of 19 breaths/min and pink skin Which of the following structures is NOT found in the upper airway? - Correct Answer Bronchus With a good mask-to-face seal and an oxygen flow rate of 15 L/min, the nonrebreathing mask is capable of delivering up to ____% inspired oxygen

• Correct Answer 90 Breathing is controlled by an area in the - Correct Answer Brainstem The EMT should assess a patient's tidal volume by: - Correct Answer observing for adequate chest rise. In an otherwise healthy individual, the primary stimulus to breathe is a(n): - Correct Answer increased level of carbon dioxide in the blood Signs of adequate breathing in the adult include all of the following, EXCEPT - Correct Answer shallow chest rise

During insertion of an oropharygneal airway into an unconscious begins to vomit. The first thing you should do is: - Correct Answer turn the patient on her side In which of the following patients would a nasopharyngeal airway contraindicated? - Correct Answer A patient who fell 20 feet and landed on his/her head You are delivering oxygen to a patient with a nasal cannula at 4 L/min when he begins to complain of a burning sensation in his nose. You should:

• Correct Answer attach an oxygen humidifier A patient is found unconscious after falling from a third-floor window. His respirations are slow and irregular. You should: - Correct Answer assist his breathing with a bag mask device When ventilating an apneic adult with a bag-mask device, you should squeeze the bag: - Correct Answer until visible chest rise is noted. You and your partner are ventilating an apneic adult when you notice that his stomach is becoming distended. You should: - Correct Answer Reposition his head