AMCA Pct Study Guide Exam Questions With Complete Solutions, Exams of Advanced Education

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AMCA Pct Study Guide Exam Questions

With Complete Solutions

Ventral - Correct Answer-front part of body Dorsal - Correct Answer-back part of body Posterior - Correct Answer-toward the back part of body Anterior - Correct Answer-in front of Medial - Correct Answer-toward the midline Lateral - Correct Answer-away from the midline Proximal - Correct Answer-closest to the point of origin Distal - Correct Answer-away from the point of origin Frontal plane - Correct Answer-divides the body into front and back portions Transverse plane - Correct Answer-divides the body into upper and lower portions Normal Anatomic Position (NAP) - Correct Answer-standing with arms lank and palms forward Supine position - Correct Answer-lying on back, facing upward Prone position - Correct Answer-lying on abdomen, facing downward (head may be turned to one side) Lateral recumbent position - Correct Answer-The patient is lying on their right or left side. Cardi/o - Correct Answer-heart carcin/o - Correct Answer-cancerous cephal/o - Correct Answer-head cerebr/0 - Correct Answer-cerebrum (largest part of the brain) cyt/o - Correct Answer-cell

dent/i - Correct Answer-tooth, teeth derm/o - Correct Answer-skin electr/o - Correct Answer-electrical activity enter/o - Correct Answer-intestines (usually the small intestine) fet/o - Correct Answer-fetus gastr/o - Correct Answer-stomach hyster/o - Correct Answer-uterus, womb rhin/o - Correct Answer-nose sacr/o - Correct Answer-sacrum thromb/o - Correct Answer-clotting ur/o - Correct Answer-urine, urinary tract -al - Correct Answer-pertaining to -algia - Correct Answer-pain -dynia - Correct Answer-pain -ectomy - Correct Answer-excision, removal -emia - Correct Answer-blood condition -genic - Correct Answer-produced by -globin - Correct Answer-protein -gravida - Correct Answer-pregnant woman -itis - Correct Answer-inflammation -oma - Correct Answer-tumor, mass -osis - Correct Answer-abnormal condition -pathy - Correct Answer-disease condition

-sis - Correct Answer-state, condition ante- - Correct Answer-before, in front of anti- - Correct Answer-against, opposite brady- - Correct Answer-abnormally slow dia- - Correct Answer-through, across end, endo- - Correct Answer-within, inside epi- - Correct Answer-upon, above, over hyoer- - Correct Answer-excessive, above normal hypo- - Correct Answer-under, below peri- - Correct Answer-surrounding, around pre- - Correct Answer-before, in front of sub- - Correct Answer-under, below -graphy - Correct Answer-the process of producing a picture or record -metry - Correct Answer-process of measuring -scopy - Correct Answer-process of visually examining -stomy - Correct Answer-surgical opening -tomy - Correct Answer-process of cutting, incision -tripsy - Correct Answer-surgical crushing Digoxin (Digitalis) used to - Correct Answer-treat atrial fibrillation and congestive heart failure. It increases the force of the heart's contractions and slows the heart rate. When a patient is taking digoxin they are instructed to take their pulse regularly. Nitroglycerin used for - Correct Answer-relief of ischemic chest pain in patients with coronary vascular disease and angina. Warfarin - Correct Answer-extremely useful in the treatment of blood clots.

Xylocaine (lidocaine) - Correct Answer-a local anesthetic as well as a first-line anti- arrhythmic used to treat ventricular arrhythmia ACE Inhibitors - Correct Answer-used in the treatment of patients with congestive heart failure. They work by lowering the overall resistance in the vascular beds, making it easier for the heart to pump the blood. Arteries carry blood ____ from the heart - Correct Answer-away from the heart Veins carry blood ____ the heart - Correct Answer-to the heart Diastole - Correct Answer-relaxation of the heart when the filling of the atria and ventricles occur Systole - Correct Answer-contraction of the atria and ventricles and is when the blood that has filled the heart is pumped to the pulmonary system and the systemic system Cardiac Output (CO) - Correct Answer-person's heart rate x the stroke volume over 1 minute and is expressed in liters per minute cardiac cells unique property - Correct Answer-Conductivity, automaticity, excitibility, contractiility Contractility - Correct Answer-ability to contact forcibly when stimulated Automaticity - Correct Answer-The ability of the heart to generate and conduct electrical impulses on its own. Conductivity - Correct Answer-A material's ability to allow heat or electric charges to flow. Excitability - Correct Answer-ability to receive and respond to electric stimuli Depolorization - Correct Answer-causes next axon to open, internal charge changes to positive and is same as outside, change in charge produces action potential Repolarization - Correct Answer-Return of the cell to resting state, caused by reentry of potassium into the cell while sodium exits the cell. Normal heart rate - Correct Answer-60-100 bpm Regularity ECG - Correct Answer-measure the distance between all the R-R waves on the strip and if they are all the same the rhythm is called regular if not the rhythm is called irregular PR interval normal duration - Correct Answer-0.12-0.20 seconds

QRS complex normal duration - Correct Answer-0.06-0.10 seconds Sinus Dysrhythmia (Arrhythmia) - Correct Answer-four dysrhythmias that are associated with the SA node: Tachycardia, Bradycardia, sinus arrest (the total absence of the p- wave, QRScomplex, and T-wave), sinus dysrhythmia(is the same as sinus rhythm except there is the presence of a patterned irregularity that can be described as slowing the speeding up then slowing again) this will usually happen with the inspiration and exhalation cycle(normal finding in children, athletes, and older patients) Sinus Arrest - Correct Answer-- SA node doesn't fire -total absence of the p-wave, QRScomplex, and T-wave) Atrial Dysrhythmias - Correct Answer-abnormal electrical activity that results in stimulation outside the SA node but within the atria What causes Atrial Dysrhythmia - Correct Answer-increased automaticity, triggered activity, and reentry Increased automaticity - Correct Answer-the atrial cells spontaneously depolarize and initiate impulses before the SA node can generate its pulse. Triggered activity - Correct Answer-injured cells sometimes only partially repolarize and this can sometimes lead to repetitive ectopic firing that may lead to atrial or ventricular tachycardia. Reentry - Correct Answer-occurs when an impulse is delayed along a slow conduction pathway and the impulse is able to remain active long enough to produce another impulse during myocardial repolarization. Asystole - Correct Answer-Total absence of cardiac activity (Flat line) Hypotrophy - Correct Answer-condition, in which the muscular wall enlarges to increase the strength of the contraction, usually happens in the ventricles. Dilation - Correct Answer-condition, in which the muscular wall thins and expands to accommodate more blood, usually happens in the atria ECG lead placement, Lead I - Correct Answer-Records electrical activity from right arm to left arm ECG lead placement, Lead II - Correct Answer-Records electrical activity from right arm to left leg ECG lead placement, Lead III - Correct Answer-Records electrical activity from left arm to left leg

ECG lead placement, aVR - Correct Answer-Records electrical activity away from midpoint between left arm and left leg to left arm (across heart to right shoulder) ECG lead placement, aVL - Correct Answer-Records electrical activity from midpoint between right arm and left leg to left arm (across heart to left shoulder) ECG lead placement, aVF - Correct Answer-Records electrical activity from midpoint between right arm and left arm to left leg (across heart toward feet) ECG lead placement, V1 - Correct Answer-: fourth intercostal space, right of sternum ( also can be known as the breastbone) ECG lead placement, V2 - Correct Answer-fourth intercostal space, left of sternum ECG lead placement, V3 - Correct Answer-midway over fourth and fifth intercostal space, halfway between base and sternum ECG lead placement, V4 - Correct Answer-fifth intercostal space, in line with nipple ECG lead placement, V5 - Correct Answer-midway between the nipple and midpoint of axilla Axilla - Correct Answer-armpit ECG lead placement, V6 - Correct Answer-over intercostal space at axilla midpoint B - Correct Answer-What is the most accurate method for acquiring heart rate? A. 6X10 method B. 1500 method C. QRS method D. 300, 150, 100, 75, 50 method A - Correct Answer-As an impulse moves toward a positive electrode it produces what type of deflection? A. Upward B. Downward C. Flat D. Negative D - Correct Answer-On ECG papers horizontal measurements are used determine what? A. Electrical voltage of the waveforms B. Amplitude of the waveforms C. Cardiac output D. Heart rate

A - Correct Answer-The initiation of the impulse in the SA node and its movement through the atria produce? A. P-wave B. PR interval C. QRS complex D. T-wave C - Correct Answer-Repolarization of the ventricles is represented by the? A. P-wave B. ORS complex C. T wave D. R wave D - Correct Answer-Artifact is: A. Produced by chaotic electrical activity found in the heart B. An easier way to interpret rhythms C. Usually consistent across the rhythm strip D. Problematic because it can mimic life-threatening dysrhythmias B - Correct Answer-Two PVC's in a row are called a? A. Double B. Couplet C. Trigeminal D. Salvo D - Correct Answer-The heart valve that is situated between the right atrium and the right ventricle is called? A. The pulmonic valve B. The mitral valve C. The aortic valve D. The tricuspid valve B - Correct Answer-Each small square running horizontally represents: A. 3 seconds B. .04 seconds C. 5mm D. 0.1mv B - Correct Answer-How many electrodes are used as part of a 12-lead ECG? A. 8 B. 10 C. 12 D. 5 D - Correct Answer-The third step of analyzing an ECG rhythm is: A. Evaluate the QRS complex

B. Determine the heart rate C. Determine the regularity D. Evaluate the P-wave B - Correct Answer-The PR intervals get progressively longer in: A. 1 st degree AV heart block B. 2 nd degree AV heart block, Type I C. 3 rd degree AV heart block D. Sinus dysrhythmia B - Correct Answer-A heart rate below 60 is called: A. NSR B. Bradycardia C. Tachycardia D. Fast C - Correct Answer-15) Atrial fibrillation has: A. Longer PR intervals B. A regular rhythm C. No P-waves D. No QRS complex C - Correct Answer-Which patient education process lets you know that the teaching plan is working? A. Planning B. Implementation C. Evaluation D. Documentation D - Correct Answer-Which of the following actions is helpful in assisting patients with their needs? A. Referring the patient to the internet B. Sending the visiting nurse to assess the patient C. Having the patient personalize information that he or she wants to learn D. Keeping a list of community resources that can further assist the patient A - Correct Answer-Which of the following is used to mark the ECG paper? A. A stylus B. A marker C. A pen D. An ink jet B - Correct Answer-If a patient is said to be in asystole, the characteristics would be described as: A. Possible palpitations and a rate of 60 beats per minute B. Rate of O and no pulse C. Rapid rate and loss of consciousness D. Dramatic hypotension and slow thread pulse

D - Correct Answer-Select the method of preparation for the patient that will ensure a successful ECG recording. A. Placing the electrodes in the correct position over the patient's clothing B. Informing the patient that it is normal to be scared and to not worry about breathing. C. Having the patient disrobe and put on a patient gown D. Making sure the patient's legs are not crossed and the arms are resting at each side. C - Correct Answer-When educating a patient about factors that increase the risk of atherosclerosis include which of the following? A. High BUN B. Dermatitis and sinus infection C. High blood pressure and obesity D. Flatulence C - Correct Answer-The ECG should be performed in a quiet environment because: A. Wandering baseline is reduced B. It enables the patient to sleep C. Interference is minimized D. Transmission of microorganisms is minimized B - Correct Answer-When preparing a patient to wear a Holter Monitor, instruct the patient to: A. Wear the monitor in the shower for accurate readings B. Depress the event marker for significant symptoms C. Remove the monitor when exercising D. Remove the monitor from the case at night B - Correct Answer-When no abnormalities show during a resting ECG, the physician may order an Exercise ECG. Another name for this is: A. Cardiac catheterization B. Stress test C. Holter monitor D. Cardiac monitoring C - Correct Answer-Which of the following terms refers to the ventricular ectopic discharge at a rapid, regular rate in excess of 100 beats per minute? A. Premature ventricular contraction B. Atrial flutter C. Ventricular tachycardia D. Atrial fibrillation 98.6 F - Correct Answer-What is the normal body temperature? tympanic membrane - Correct Answer-What location gives you the most accurate body temperature?

tymanic membrane - Correct Answer-eardrum 60-100 bpm - Correct Answer-What the normal resting pulse rate in adults? 130-160 bpm - Correct Answer-What the normal resting pulse rate in infants? 80-120 bpm - Correct Answer-What the normal resting pulse rate in children? 12-20 rpm - Correct Answer-What is the normal range for respiratory rate of adults? 30-60 rpm - Correct Answer-What is the normal range for respiratory rate of infants? 18-30 rpm - Correct Answer-What is the normal range for respiratory rate of children? 120/80 mmHg - Correct Answer-What is the normal range for blood pressure for adults? 50/25 mmHg - Correct Answer-What is the normal range for blood pressure for infants? Automaticity - Correct Answer-The ability of the heart to generate and conduct electrical impulses on its own. Contractability - Correct Answer-the ability to shorten forcibly SA node (sinoatrial node) - Correct Answer--pacemaker of the heart -sets the heartbeat rate -located in the right atrium -causes atria to contract AV node (atrioventricular node) - Correct Answer-on base of RA Receives impulse from SA node and slowly passes the signal to the AV bundle Purkinje fibers - Correct Answer-fibers in the ventricles that transmit impulses to the right and left ventricles, causing them to contract D - Correct Answer-This cavity contains the heart and lungs, among other organs. a. Orbital b. Nasal c. Cranial d. Thoracic A - Correct Answer-Located near the back of the body, this body cavity is a continuous internal opening that includes the cranial and spinal cavities. a. Posterior (dorsal) cavity b. Pelvic cavity c. Abdominal cavity d. Transverse plane

D - Correct Answer-This is the scrubbing of instruments with special brushes and detergents to remove blood, mucous, etc. a. Disinfection b. Sterilization c. Distillation d. Sanitization B - Correct Answer-This is the process that involves a soaking or wiping process and inhibits the activity of disease-causing organisms. a. Treated with antiseptics b. Disinfection c. Sanitizing d. Sterilization D - Correct Answer-The process used for supplies that would come in contact with internal body tissue or an open wound. It involves the use of heat (steam) and an autoclave. a. Distillation b. Sanitization c. Disinfection d. Sterilization D - Correct Answer-The patient has a history of cardiovascular disease. Which of the following tests would not be used as a screening procedure? a. ECG b. Blood work c. Chest x-ray d. Colonoscopy C - Correct Answer-Which plane divides the body into right and left portions? Select one: a. Frontal b. Lateral c. Sagittal d. Transverse D - Correct Answer-The amount of blood flow to the myocardium is termed: a. Contraction b. Influx c. Stenosis d. Perfusion D - Correct Answer-Which heart valve is between the left atrium and the left ventricle? a. Right atrioventricular b. Tricuspid

c. Aortic semilunar d. Bicuspid D - Correct Answer-The total amount of blood pumped out of the heart in one minute is known as the: a. Systemic circulation b. Systolic pressure c. Diastolic pressure d. Cardiac output C - Correct Answer-Which of the following irregularities on an ECG would be considered the most severe? a. A - Fib b. Tachycardia c. V- Fib d. PVC B - Correct Answer-The technician is placing leads and electrodes on the patient's chest. At which location will lead V4 be placed? Select one: a. Fourth intercostal space at the right sternal border b. Fifth intercostal space in the left midclavicular line c. Lateral to the V4 lead d. Fourth intercostal space at the left sternal border B - Correct Answer-The horizontal flat line that separates the various waves on the ECG strip represents: Select one: a. An interval b. The baseline c. A segment d. The amplitude D - Correct Answer-Marks on the ECG tracing caused by another source of activity are: a. Wandering baseline b. Conduction marks c. Asystole d. Artifacts D - Correct Answer-You are obtaining an ECG using a 10 lead ECG machine. The patient accidentally coughs while the strip is running, causing an artifact on the strip. This can be identified as a: a. Wandering baseline b. Electrical interference c. Voluntary muscle movement

d. Somatic tremor