AMCA PHLEBOTOMY EXAM 2024/2025 REAL EXAM WITH RATIONALES AND EXPERT VERIFIED ANSWERS, Exams of Nursing

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AMCA PHLEBOTOMY EXAM 2024 /202 5 REAL EXAM

WITH RATIONALES AND EXPERT VERIFIED

ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE GRADED A

Whole blood consists mostly of which of the following? Select one: a. Water b. Cells c. Solutes d. Tissue Rationale - whole blood is composed of water, solutes, and cells. Whole blood is 55 - 60% plasma and 40-45% cells. Plasma is about 92% water The correct answer is: Water Which type of blood cell is responsible for gas exchange in the circulating blood? Select one: a. Macrophages b. Red blood cells c. White blood cells d. Platelets Rationale - Red blood cells (erythrocytes) transport oxygen and help transport Carbon Dioxide. The correct answer is: Red blood cells Professional negligence is also called: Select one: a. Malfunction b. Malice c. Arbitration d. Malpractice Rationale - Malpractice is a form of professional negligence The correct answer is: Malpractice Which of the following items is the most important for phlebotomists to keep in mind during their daily routine in medical settings? Select one: a. Consent b. Burglary

c. Privilege granted to a physician d. Confidentiality Rationale - Patient confidentiality is the most important part of the health care industry. The correct answer is: Confidentiality Which department performs chemical screening tests on urine specimens? Select one: a. Coagulation b. Microbiology c. Urinalysis d. Hematology Rationale - The urinalysis department performs chemical screening on urine specimens as part of a urinalysis test The correct answer is: Urinalysis Which department monitors warfarin therapy? Select one: a. Immunology b. Chemistry c. Microbiology d. Coagulation Rationale - Warfarin is an anticoagulant and is monitored closely by the prothrombin time test which is performed in the coagulation department The correct answer is: Coagulation Which type of blood cell is responsible for defense and immunity? Select one: a. Macrophages b. Red blood cells c. Platelets d. White blood cells Rationale - Leukocytes (white blood cells) are responsible for defense and immunity The correct answer is: White blood cells The liquid portion of a blood specimen (without an anticoagulant) is called: Select one: a. Serum b. Oxygenated blood

b. PTT c. CBC d. Blood typing Rationale - A CBC includes a WBC, RBC's, platelets, hemoglobin and hematocrit The correct answer is: CBC The most common blood type is: Select one: a. A b. B c. AB d. O Rationale - 45% of the population have type O blood The correct answer is: O Small red spots on a patient's skin due to a blood clotting abnormality is referred to as: Select one: a. Petechiae b. Hemolysis c. Syncope d. Hemoconentration Rationale - Petechiae is small, red, smooth hemorrhagic spots appearing on a patient's skin The correct answer is: Petechiae A decrease in the plasma volume with an increased concentration of cells and larger molecules is referred to as: Select one: a. Hemoconcentration b. Hemotherapy c. Hemolysis d. Scleroses Rationale - Hemoconcentration is a decrease in plasma volume, with an increased concentration of cells and larger molecules - could be caused by squeezing, probing or prolonged tourniquet application.

The correct answer is: Hemoconcentration If the tourniquet is applied for longer than three minutes, which of the following analytes will most likely become falsely elevated? Select one: a. Parathyroid hormone b. Bilirubin c. Potassium d. GGT Rationale - Plasma, cholesterol, iron, lipid protein and potassium levels will be falsely elevated if tourniquet is too tight or prolonged The correct answer is: Potassium A hospitalized patient may not be identified by which of the following means? Select one: a. Patient's armband b. Nurse c. Patient's chart d. Verbal confirmation by the patient Rationale - A patient armband and verbal confirmation are acceptable ways of patient ID according to the Joint Commission The correct answer is: Patient's chart The most common sites for venipuncture are in which of the following areas? Select one: a. The antecubital area of the arm b. The middle finger c. The dorsal side of the wrist d. The middle forearm Rationale - The most common site for routine venipuncture is the antecubital area of the arm just below the bend of the elbow The correct answer is: The antecubital area of the arm Using a butterfly needle is beneficial for: Select one: a. Geriatric patients b. Routine venipuncture in health adults

a. Fraud b. Discovery c. Negligence d. Battery Rationale - Fraud is deliberate deception carried out for unlawful gain and is in the form of a deceitful practice or false portrayal of facts The correct answer is: Fraud Inflammation of a vein in conjunction with formation of a blood clot is called: Select one: a. Phlebosclerosis b. Atherosclerosis c. Thrombophlebitis d. Vasculitis Rationale - The word root thromb means "clot". Phlebitis is inflammation of a vein. The meaning of thrombophlebitis is "inflammation of a vein in conjunction with the formation of a blood clot." The correct answer is: Thrombophlebitis Which of the following is an abnormal finding in the blood? Select one: a. Antibodies b. Blood cells c. Bacteria d. Platelets Rationale- Bacteria is normally not found in the blood because the immune system recognizes them as foreign and destroys them The correct answer is: Bacteria Which of the following is a common route for the administration of parenteral medications? Select one: a. Rectal b. Topical c. Transdermal d. Injection

Rationale - Parenteral administration refers not only to injections but to all ways drugs are administered other than via the gastrointestinal tract The correct answer is: Injection A pre-filled syringe is also known as a (n): Select one: a. Cartridge b. Tuberculine syringe c. Hypodermic syringe d. Insulin syringe Rationale - Pre-filled syringes contain a pre-measured amount of medication in a cartridge with a needle attached The correct answer is: Cartridge Which of the following muscles is commonly used for intramuscular injections in the infant? Select one: a. Internal oblique b. External oblique c. Vastus lateralis d. Deltoid Rationale - Children younger than 2 years of age typically receive injections in the vastus lateralis, ventro gluteal or the dorso gluteal. The correct answer is: Vastus lateralis What is the function of hemoglobin? Select one: a. Carry oxygen from the lungs and to carry carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs b. Simulate red bone marrow c. Help destroy bacteria, toxins, and viruses d. Fight off infection Rationale - Red blood cells transport oxygen and carbon dioxide as part of the molecule called hemoglobin. The correct answer is: Carry oxygen from the lungs and to carry carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs Guides used to monitor all aspects of patient care are called: Select one: a. QC deficiencies

Rationale - Negligence is "a violation of a duty to exercise reasonable skill and care in performing a task" The correct answer is: Negligence Which of the following is a phlebotomy QA procedure? Select one: a. Checking needles for blunt tips and small barbs b. Recording chemistry instrument maintenance c. Keeping a record of employee paid sick leave d. Tracking all of the laboratory OSHA violations Rationale - A QA procedure is a plan for ensuring the quality of all areas of the lab's technical and support functions The correct answer is: Checking needles for blunt tips and small barbs Which of the following tests is most likely used to test for inflammation, infectious disease, and malignant neoplasms? Select one: a. AST b. ESR c. RBC count d. Amylase Rationale - ESR is used to test for collagen disease, inflammatory disease and rheumatoid arthritis The correct answer is: ESR Which of the following is the best way to prepare routine blood specimen tubes for transportation to an off-site lab? Select one: a. Seal the tubes in plastic bags b. Place the tubes in ice slurry c. Wipe each tube with alcohol d. Wrap the tubes in requisitions Rationale - Specimens being transported to an outside facility must be placed in a sealed plastic bag with a bio hazard logo. The correct answer is: Seal the tubes in plastic bags

An example of negligence is when the phlebotomist: Select one: a. Missed the vein and has to redirect twice to complete the draw b. Fails to report significant changes in a patient's condition c. Is unable to obtain a specimen from a very combative patient d. Forgets to sign out at the nurses' station when draws are complete Rationale - Negligence is "a violation of a duty to exercise reasonable skill and care in performing a task" The correct answer is: Fails to report significant changes in a patient's condition Which of the following specimens is least likely to require special handling? Select one: a. Homocysteine b. Bilirubin c. Cholesterol d. Gastrin Rationale - Bilirubin specimens must be protected from light. Gastrin and homocystein specimens should be chilled in ice slurry. Cholesterol does not require special handling. The correct answer is: Cholesterol Critical values (test values that are considered life threatening) are also called: Select one: a. 4 alarm values b. Stabile values c. At - risk values d. Panic values Rationale - A critical lab value (panic value) is a test result that represents a variance from normal values as to be considered life threatening and needs immediate attention from a physician. The correct answer is: Panic values Which of the following would be a pre-analytical error related to specimen storage? Select one: a. Faulty technique b. Exposure to light c. Under - filled tube d. Inadequate fast

c. Varicella d. Pertussis Rationale - Pertussis (whooping cough) is a respiratory disease transmitted by droplets. Scabies requires contact precautions The correct answer is: Pertussis What word is used to describe the breakdown of red blood cells? Select one: a. Erythma b. Hemostasis c. Erythrocytosis d. Hemolysis Rationale - Hemolysis is the breakdown of red blood cells. The correct answer is: Hemolysis The lab abbreviation PT stands for: Select one: a. Prenatal therapy b. Partial thromboplastin c. Patient temperature d. Prothrombine time Rationale - PT is a laboratory abbreviation for prothrombine time (or protime for short) The correct answer is: Prothrombine time Which of the following stopper colors identifies a tube used for coagulation testing? Select one: a. Lavender b. Green c. Red d. Light-blue Rationale - Most coagulation tests require plasma specimens collected in light blue-top tubes containing the anticoagulant sodium citrate The correct answer is: Light-blue Heparin prevents blood from clotting by: Select one: a. Chelating thrombin b. Inhibiting thrombin

c. Binding calcium d. Activating clacium Rationale - Heparin prevents coagulation by inhibiting thrombin during the coagulation process. The correct answer is: Inhibiting thrombin What is the purpose of an antiglycolytic agent? Select one: a. It enhances the clotting process b. It preserves glucose c. It inhibits the electrolyte breakdown d. It prevents clotting Rationale - An antiglycolytic agent is a substance that inhibits or prevents glycolysis by the cells of the blood The correct answer is: It preserves glucose Lipemia results from: Select one: a. Increased number of platelets b. Improper specimen handling c. Specimen hemoconcentration d. High fat content from the blood Rationale - Lipemia is the presence of increased fats (lipids) in the blood. The correct answer is: High fat content from the blood A patient with a high degree of jaundice typically has: Select one: a. Bruising and petechiae b. Yellow skin and sclera c. Hemolyzed specimens d. Edematous extremities Rationale - Jaundice is a condition characterized by increased bilirubin in the blood and sclera (whites of the eyes) giving the patient a yellow appearance The correct answer is: Yellow skin and sclera Lymphostasis is: Select one: a. Obstruction of the flow of lymph

a. Post-prandial specimens b. Basal state specimens c. Steady-state specimens d. Fasting specimens Rationale - Inpatient reference ranges for laboratory tests are typically established using basal state specimens to eliminate the effects of diet, exercise and other factors on results The correct answer is: Basal state specimens A phlebotomy needle that does not have a safety feature: Select one: a. Must be used with a holder that has a safety feature b. Should be removed from the holder before disposal c. Cannot be used for any venipuncture procedure d. Requires immediate recapping after venipuncture Rationale - A needle without a safety feature can be used but it must be used with a tube holder that has a safety feature The correct answer is: Must be used with a holder that has a safety feature A laboratory report form should state that a specimen has been collected by capillary puncture: Select one: a. Because results can vary by specimen source b. So other tests will be capillary collections c. For equipment inventory control purposes d. To satisfy liability insurance requirements Rationale - Test results can vary depending on the source of the specimen The correct answer is: Because results can vary by specimen source Which of the following items is unnecessary when performing a routine venipuncture? Select one: a. Evacuated tubes b. Tourniquet c. Safety needles d. Disinfectant Rationale - Antiseptics, not disinfectants are routinely used when performing venipuncture The correct answer is: Disinfectant

Which tubes must be first in the order of draw? Select one: a. Coagulation tubes b. Heparin tubes c. Blood culture tubes d. Serum Separator tubes Rationale - Tubes or containers for specimens such as blood cultures that must be collected in a sterile manner, are always collected first in the order of draw. The correct answer is: Blood culture tubes