AMCA PRACTICE TEST 1 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS 2024/2025 CORRECT STUDY SET, Exams of Health sciences

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AMCA PRACTICE TEST 1 100%

VERIFIED ANSWERS

2024/2025 CORRECT STUDY

SET

Whole blood mostly consist of ____________. water Rationale - whole blood is composed of water, solutes, and cells. Whole blood is 55-60% plasma and 40 - 45% cells. Plasma is about 92% wate Which type of blood cells are responsible for gas exchange in circulating blood? Red blood cells Rationale - Red blood cells (erythrocytes) transport oxygen and help transport Carbon Dioxide. Professional negligence is also called: malpractice Which of the following is the most important for phlebotomists to keep in mind during their daily routine in medical settings? Confidentiality Rationale - Patient confidentiality is the most important part of the health care industry. Which department performs chemical screening tests on urine specimens? Urinanalysis

Rationale - The urinalysis department performs chemical screening on urine specimens as part of a urinalysis test Which department monitors warfarin therapy? coagulation Rationale - Warfarin is an anticoagulant and is monitored closely by the prothrombin time test which is performed in the coagulation department Which type of blood cell is responsible for defense and immunity? WBC Rationale - Leukocytes (white blood cells) are responsible for defense and immunity The liquid portion of a blood specimen (without an anticoagulant) is called: Serum What is the scrubbing of instruments with special brushes and detergents to remove blood, mucous, etc. called? Sanitization Rationale - Sanitization is the scrubbing of instruments with special brushes and detergents to remove blood, mucous, etc ________________ involves a soaking or wiping process and inhibits the activity of disease-causing organisms. Disinfection Rationale - Disinfecting is the process that destroys microorganisms What is the process used for supplies that will come in contact with internal body tissue or an open wound? It involves the use of heat (steam) and an autoclave.

Sterilization Rationale - Sterilization is the process that destroys microorganisms and includes either heat or cold water Which blood test includes WBC, RBS, hemoglobin, and hematocrit? CBC Rationale - A CBC includes a WBC, RBC's, platelets, hemoglobin and hematocrit The most common blood type is: O Rationale - 45% of the population have type O blood What are small red spots on a patient's skin due to a blood clotting abnormalities referred to as? Petechiae A decrease in the plasma volume with an increased concentration of cells and larger molecules is referred to as: hemoconcentration If the tourniquet is applied for longer than three minutes, which of the following analytes will most likely become falsely elevated? potassium A hospitalized patient may not be identified by which of the following means? Patient's Chart The most common sites for venipuncture are in which of the following areas?The most common sites for venipuncture are in which of the following areas? The antecubital area of the arm Using a butterfly needle is beneficial for:

Geriatric patients What effect does warming the site have on venipuncture? Increases localized blood flow Diagnosis and treatment of diseases characterized by joint inflammation is part of which medical specialty? Rheumatology The total amount of blood pumped out of the heart in one minute is known as the: Cardiac Output Rationale - the amount of blood ejected by either ventricle per minute is the cardiac output Deceitful practice or false portrayal of facts either by words or conduct is the definition of: Fraud Inflammation of a vein in conjunction with formation of a blood clot is called: Thrombophlebitis Which of the following is an abnormal finding in the blood? Bacteria Which of the following is a common route for the administration of parenteral medications? Injection Rationale - Parenteral administration refers not only to injections but to all ways drugs are administered other than via the gastrointestinal tract A pre-filled syringe is also known as a (n): Cartridge

Rationale - Pre-filled syringes contain a pre-measured amount of medication in a cartridge with a needle attached Which of the following muscles is commonly used for intramuscular injections in the infant? Vastus lateralis What is the function of hemoglobin? Carry oxygen from the lungs and to carry carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs Guides used to monitor all aspects of patient care are called: QA Indicators Rationale - QA indicators are specific markers that can measure quality, adequacy, accuracy, timeliness and customer satisfaction Performing one's duties in the same manner as any other reasonable and prudent person with the same experience and training is referred to as: Standard of Care A single order that is administered immediately and usually written for emergencies is known as: STAT order A very busy phlebotomist misidentifies the patient when collecting a specimen for transfusion preparation. The possible misdiagnosis of blood type could cause the patient's death. If the phlebotomist's action results in injury, the wrongful act is called: Negligence Rationale - Negligence is "a violation of a duty to exercise reasonable skill and care in performing a task" Which of the following is a phlebotomy QA procedure? Checking needles for blunt tips and small barbs

Which of the following tests is most likely used to test for inflammation, infectious disease, and malignant neoplasms? ESR Rationale - ESR is used to test for collagen disease, inflammatory disease and rheumatoid arthritis Which of the following is the best way to prepare routine blood specimen tubes for transportation to an off-site lab? Seal the tubes in plastic bags Rationale - Specimens being transported to an outside facility must be placed in a sealed plastic bag with a bio hazard logo. An example of negligence is when the phlebotomist: Fails to report significant changes in a patient's condition Which of the following specimens is least likely to require special handling? Cholesterol Critical values (test values that are considered life threatening) are also called: Panic values Which of the following would be a pre-analytical error related to specimen storage? Exposure to light Which type of precautions would be used for a patient who has pulmonary tuberculosis? Airborne Rationale - Anyone entering the patient's room is required to wear a mask (respirator). In addition to standard precautions, airborne isolation is required for pulmonary tuberculosis The abbreviation for the virus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is: HIV

A person who has recovered from a particular virus and has developed antibodies against that virus is said to be: immune An example of a disease requiring droplet isolation is: Pertussis Rationale - Pertussis (whooping cough) is a respiratory disease transmitted by droplets. Scabies requires contact precautions What word is used to describe the breakdown of red blood cells? Hemolysis The lab abbreviation PT stands for: prothrombin time Which of the following stopper colors identifies a tube used for coagulation testing? Light-Blue Heparin prevents blood from clotting by: inhibiting thrombin What is the purpose of an antiglycolytic agent? It preserves glucose Lipemia results from: High fat content from the blood The additive 3.2% sodium citrate results in what? The prevention of clotting by binding calcium. The use of povidone iodine for site preparation can result in a false increase in what level?

Povidone iodine may falsely increase levels of potassium, phosphorus or uric acids in test results. 70% isopropyl alcohol is a preferable site disinfectant due to this effect. Which of the following is a characteristic of capillaries? They are found in every square inch of the human body Which of the following can reduce your risk of infection after being exposed to a bloodborne pathogen such as Hepatitis B or HIV? Taking a post-exposure prophylaxis. How long should a tube be pre-warmed in an incubator prior to collecting a warmed specimen, such as Cold Agglutinins? 30 minutes Which of the following is not a standard vacuum tube size? 20 ml. Most blood collection tubes hold 10 ml or less. Adult tubes range from 3-10 ml, while pediatric ones range from 2-4 ml. Under what circumstances should a tube be pre-labeled? never What test requires that it be chilled in ice right after collection? Tests that require immediate chilling in crushed ice or an ice water mixture include arterial gases, ammonia, lactic acid, pyruvate, and ACTH Which color tube needs to be filled completely? Blue If an intoxicated person refuses a blood sample to determine the presence of alcohol or drugs at the request of a police officer, what is the best course of action? Request that the officer get a warrant.

Donning PPE gown, mask, goggles, gloves Doffing PPE gloves, goggles, gown, mask A fistula is an artificial permanent surgical connection between an artery and vein What color tube does an electrolyte panel go in? green What color tube does one use when drawing for a reticulocyte count? Lavender What does ACD stand for? Acid Citrate Dextrose Legal actions in which the alleged injured party sues for monetary damages are: Civil actions Significant gaps in the quality of testing practices in physicians' offices resulted in the recent development of: Good laboratory practices. Quality system essentials (QSEs) are: Accompanied by quality indicators that monitor workflow. One of the responsibilities of the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) is to: Provide healthcare worker insurance. A process in which one party questions another under oath while a court reporter records every word is a:

Deposition QC protocols prohibit use of outdated evacuated tubes because: Stoppers may shrink, allowing specimen leakage if the tube is inverted The "standard of care" in the practice of phlebotomy is influenced by which of the following organizations? The Joint Comission EDTA inhibits clotting of blood through its action of Capturing Calcium A patient with a high degree of jaundice typically has Yellow skin and sclera Lymphostasis is Obstruction of the flow of lymph Venous stasis is:Select one: a. Vein collapse from excess pressure b. Back flow of tissue fluid into a vein c. Stoppage of the normal venous blood flow d. Part of the normal coagulation process Stoppage of the normal venous blood flow Hemoconcentration from prolonged tourniquet application increases:Select one: a. Specimen hemolysis b. Blood plasma volume c. pH and oxygen levels d. Non-filterable analytes Non-filterable analytes Rationale - Hemoconcentration is a condition in which plasma and small, filterable components of

the blood pass through the walls of the blood vessels into the tissues decreasing blood plasma volume and concentrating and therefore increasing nonfilterable or suspended blood components such as red blood cells What is the difference between NPO and fasting?Select one: a. NPO and fasting are the same thing b. Fasting is no food and NPO is no water c. NPO requires that the patient drink water, whereas fasting does not d. Fasting allows the patient to drink water, whereas NPO does not Fasting allows the patient to drink water, whereas NPO does not The best specimens to use for establishing inpatient reference ranges for blood tests are:Select one: a. Post-prandial specimens b. Basal state specimens c. Steady-state specimens d. Fasting specimens b. Basal state specimens A phlebotomy needle that does not have a safety feature:Select one: a. Must be used with a holder that has a safety feature b. Should be removed from the holder before disposal c. Cannot be used for any venipuncture procedure d. Requires immediate recapping after venipuncture The correct answer is: Must be used with a holder that has a safety feature A laboratory report form should state that a specimen has been collected by capillary puncture:Select one: a. Because results can vary by specimen source b. So other tests will be capillary collections c. For equipment inventory control purposes d. To satisfy liability insurance requirements Because results can vary by specimen source

Which of the following items is unnecessary when performing a routine venipuncture?Select one:a. Evacuated tubesb. Tourniquetc. Safety needlesd. Disinfectant The correct answer is: Disinfectant Rationale - Antiseptics, not disinfectants are routinely used when performing venipuncture Which tubes must be first in the order of draw?Select one: a. Coagulation tubes b. Heparin tubes c. Blood culture tubes d. Serum Separator tubes Blood culture tubes Types of Point of Care testing (POCT) Urinalysis; Hemoglobin; Hematocrit; Coagulation; Chemistry panels;Glucose; Pregnancy; ECG or EKG; RSV; Influenza A and B; Group A Streptococcus; H.Pylori and EBV Deliver specimens to the laboratory appropriately Generally, specimens should be delivered to the lab within 45 minutes of collections; some specimens can be held for 24-48 hours Protection From Light Some specimens contain light-sensitive analytes, such as bilirubin, vitamin B₁₂, and folate, among others. These specimens must be collected in amber-colored tubes and are often wrapped in aluminum foil to prevent analytes break down from light exposure. Forensic Samples Specimens collected for the purpose of forensic or legal testing must be stored in designated, locked containers prior to transport to the testing facility. Chemistry Section blood glucose levels, electrolytes (sodium, potassium, and chloride), total protein, etc. Serum Separator Ttubes

Test Tubes, Additives, and Tests - Yellow Blood culture and sterile specimens, ACD solution - additive used is sodium polyanetholesulfonate Blue Additive used is sodium citrate. Additive prevents coagulation by binding calcium.Commonly used for coagulation tests (PT, PTT, fibrinogen) Red No additive required, Chemistry testing, Blood bank testing Green Additive used is sodium heparin or lithium heparin, which is a natural anticoagulant that inhibits thrombin. Commonly used for routine chemistry testing Lavender Commonly used for hematology testing (CBC, reticulocyte count, erythrocyte sedimentation). Gray Commonly used for glucose tolerance and lactic acid measurement. Royal Blue and Tan Used to collect samples for nutritional studies, therapeutic drug monitoring, and toxicology, testing aluminum, copper, arsenic, calcium, etc. Ethics is the knowledge of what is right conduct versus what is wrong conduct. Tort is a wrong committed against a person or the person's property is a wrong committed against a person or the person's property. Torts may be intentional or unintentional. Libek

is making false statements in print, writing, or through pictures. Shock - Common Symtoms Clammy,pale,cod skin, rapid weak pulse, shallow or increased breathing rate, staring eyes and expressionless face Reporting is the oral account of care Recording is the written account of care and observations. Objective Data is information that is heard, felt, or smelled Subjective data are things a person tells you about that you cannot observe through your senses.