American Red Cross Lifeguarding Written Exam (2022/2023), Exams of Nursing

Download American Red Cross Lifeguarding Written Exam (2022/2023) and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! American Red Cross Lifeguarding Written Exam What is the primary responsibility of a lifeguard? - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS to prevent drowning and other injuries from occurring at your aquatic facility. Provide three examples of how lifeguards fulfill their primary responsibility - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS monitoring activities in and near the water through patron servaliance, preventing injuries by minimizing or eliminating hazardous situations or behaviors, enforcing facility rules and regulations and educating patrons about them, recognizing and responding quickly and effectively to all the emergencies, administering first air and CPR including using an automated external defibrillator (AED) and if trained, administering emergency oxygen when needed, working as a team with other lifeguards, faculty, and staff management. list 5 examples of secondary responsibilities (other tasks) that should never interfere with patron serveillance - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS testing the pool water chemistry, assist patrons by performing safety orientations, administering swim tests, fitting life jackets and other duties, cleaning or performing maintenance, completing records and reports, performing opening duties, closing duties, or facility safety checks and inspections. list 5 characteristics of a professional lifeguard - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS knowledgable and skilled, reliable, mature, courteous and consistent, positive, professional, healthy and fit lifeguards should: - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS always be attentive and sit or stand upright when on surveillance duty a lifeguard is texting while on surveillance duty and fails to recognize a swimmer in distress. what legal principle could be a problem for this lifeguard? - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS negligence list the 5 steps that a lifeguard should take when obtaining consent from an injured or ill person before providing first air or emergency care - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS state your name, state your level of training, ask if you may help, explain that you would like to assess them to find out what you think may be wrong or what you can do to help, explain what you plan to do. what is the validity of an American Red Cross lifeguarding certification? how does an American Red Cross certified lifeguard get recertified? - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS (2 years.) annual certification training. why is it important to attend a pre-season orientation and training - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS to ensure lifeguards understand their responsibilities and know how to perform their job, to ensure that they get practice with their facilities safety and rescue equipment and emergency action plans, to ensure they understand codes, rules and regulations of their facility. what does EAP stand for - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS emergency action plan why is it important for lifeguards and other team members to understand and practice the EAP - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS to know what role you'll play, to know how you all work as a team what is the best practice for the frequency of in-service training participation at well- managed aquatic facilities - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS at least. hours of in service training each month what are the benefits of regular, frequent in-service training - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS gives you a chance to maintain your knowledge and skills at a professional level and practice with the lifeguards at your facility. list. topics that could be a discussed during in-service training - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS surveillance and recognition, water and land rescue skills, emergency response drills, decision making protocols, facility rules and regulations, customer service, records and reports and physical conditioning. what items are considered to be personal protective equipment for a lifeguard - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS resuscitation mask and gloves. (may also include gowns, masks, shields, protective eyewear) what equipment should be worn or carried by a lifeguard at all times while on duty? list at least two and include the reasons why this equipment should be worn or carried - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS rescue tube (keeping people afloat), resuscitation mask (one way mouth to mouth contact for oxygen) and gloves (protect yourself from infectious materials). (whistle: to signal other lifeguards) what safety equipment/items should be easily accessible for a lifeguard while on duty? list at least two and describe how/when each item is used - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS back boards (to remove victims from the water when they are unable to exit on their own), rescue buoy (to throw to a person to keep them afloat), other personal protective equipment (PPE), other resuscitation equipment, an automated external defibrillator (AED), first aid supplies and rescue boards. as a lifeguard you are responsible for? - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS consistently enforcing your facilities rules and regulations list 5 common rules and regulations often posted at an aquatic facility - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS swim only when a lifeguard is on duty, swim diapers are required for small children or people with incontience, no swimming with open or infected wounds, obey lifeguard instructions at all times, no hyperventilating before swimming, underwater or intrusion: when secondary duties intrude on your primary duties distraction: talking to people while on duty during rotation both lifeguards must ensure their is no lapse in patron survellience, even for a brief moment. to ensure this, what should each lifeguard do. - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS the incoming lifeguard should:search the zone and be aware of the actity level in the zone you will be guarding, be searching your zone as you walk towards your station, checking all areas of the water from the bottom to the surface the outgoing lifeguard should:inform of any situations that need special attention, confirm that the transfer is good and continue scanning as you walk to your next station list three major strategies a lifeguard can use to prevent injuries at an aquatic facility - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS informing and educating patrons of risks that could cause injuries, enforcing the rules (ensuring that the facility is safe and providing effective patron servalience, educating and informing patrons and enforcing your facility rules) Communicating with patrons list three things that can determine if a life jacket is appropriate for use - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS swimming ability, activity and water conditions list two guidelines you should keep in mind when providing survalience for patrons - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS guarding areas for young children: older children may be too large for some structures or their play might be too rough for young children, toddlers who are still learning how to walk may fall easily, children often get lost (remind parents to watch their kids), you must watch out for children using the pool as a toilet, children do not think about sunburning or hypothermia play structures: do not let the play structure become overcrowded, do not allow people to swim underneath them, watch to ensure patrons return to the surface after dropping from a floating feature, play close attention to kids playing in interactive water structures (they might run and fall) pay close attention to people min moving water, watch for overcrowding and horseplay, keep safe and orderly, watch for people who climb onto floating objects and jump back into the water, watch for people who throw toys and might hit people identify three strategies for ensuring safe group visits - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS booking procedure, safety orientation, classification of swimmer abilities, designation of swimming areas, identification of group leaders or adult chaperones, supplemental group strategies (body checks, layer of protection) why is it important to educate your patrons about safety in, on, and around the water - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS so that they can avoid injury describe the steps in order to conduct a swim test - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS 1. enter the water and completely submerge 2. recover to the surface and remain there for at least one minute (floating or treading) 3. rotate 360 degrees and orient to the exit 4. level off and propel oneself on the front or the back through the water for at least 25 yards 5. exit the water why should an EAP be facility specific - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS different facility layouts, number of staff on duty at a time, location of backup lifeguards and other safety team members, equipment used and typical response times of the local emergency medical services (EMS) system. provide three examples of situation based EAPs - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS water emergency- drowning victim - active water emergency- drowning victim - passive water emergency- spinal injury victim water emergency - missing person land emergency - injury or illness others include: evacuations, sheltering in place, severe weather, chemical spills or leaks, power failures, violence, thefts in progress what order rescue, equipment check, signal, return to duty, report/advise/release - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS signal, rescue, report/advise/release, equipment check, return to duty describe the actions of the additional safety team members listed below during a rescue where the victim is unresponsive and requires additional emergency care - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS other lifeguards: help additional safety team members (front desk staff, maintenance staff) assisting with emergency rescues if trained, summoning EMS, bringing rescue equipment, clearing the swimming area, altering additional safety memebers, controlling bystanders, securing and protecting the area or evacuating the facility, notifying the chain of command (lifeguard supervisor, manager, etc.), meeting and directing EMS responders to the scene, collecting information for reports, dealing with questions from the media or patrons. when completing a report you should - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS collect all factual information about what was seen, heard and the actions taken who should deal with questions from the media after an incident and why - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS only management or designated spokesperson should talk to the media why might a supervisor chose NOT to re-open a facility that was closed during an emergency? provide an example - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS depends on safety issues such as weather enough lifeguards are ready to return to survalience duty, all of the required equipment is in place or spills involving blood or other potentially infectious materials have been all cleaned up members of the safety team, including non-lifeguard personnel should be - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS aquatics instructors, admissions personnel, retail, concession, administrative staff, maintenance, custodial, security people, supervisors, administrators (park rangers, game wardens, marine safety officers, etc.) TRAINED AND CERTIFIED IN FIRST AIR AND CPR/AED AT THE SAME LEVEL OF THE LIFEGUARD TEAM explain each task - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS report: collecting all the required info about the victim such as name, address, contact info (before releasing the victim) then continue filling out the info regarding the rescue (do not record opinions or info given to you by someone else) Sometimes you'll take witness statements, remember what documentation for legal reasons is needed advise: might give safety instructions to victim for next time, or tell them what they should do to treat themselves, might have EMS give advise (always document actions and advice on the incident report) release: a victim may only be released when the rescue and emergency care provided by you and safety team is complete. you might release them under their own care or to the care of EMS. always document that the victim was released list the general procedures in order for situations involving a water rescue - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS 1. activate the emergency action plan (EAP 2. enter the water, if necessary 3. perform an appropriate rescue 4. move the victim to a safe exit point 5. remove the victim from the water 6. provide emergency care as needed 7. report, advise, release what are some factors that should be considered when deciding how to enter the water - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS water depth, location and condition of the victim, location of other swimmers, design of the lifeguard station, your location, facility set up and type of equipment used (rescue board, rescue body, rescue tube) if you are alone when responding to someone who is ill when should you call first or care first - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS call first: any adult or child about 12 years of age or older who is unresponsive, a child or infant who suddenly collapsed that you witnessed, an unresponsive child or infant known to have heart problems care first: an unresponsive child who you did not see collapse, a victim suspected of drowning how do you tell the difference between a child, adult, and infant - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS child: 1-12 years old (1-puberty) infant: younger than 1 years old adult: 12 years or older when would you give 2 ventilations before starting CPR: - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS for unresponsive person who is not breathing or no pulse to begin CPR if u find a victim unresponsive as a result of drowning if the victim is not breathing, no pulse, and not in the water (cardiac emergency) lack of oxygen can eventually stop the heart (cardiac arrest) and prevent blood from reaching the brain and other vital organs in as little as _______ minutes after submerging. brain cell damage or death begins to occur within ____ to ______ minutes - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS 3 minutes 4 to 6 minutes respiratory distress - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS a victim who is having difficulty breathing respiratory arrest - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS a victim who has stopped breathing but has a pulse list 5 possible causes of respiratory distress - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS a partually obstructed airway, illness, chronic conditions (asthma, emphysema, congestive heart failure), electrocution, heart attack, injury to the head, chest, lungs, or abdomen, allergic reactions, drug overdose, poisoning, emotional distress, anaphylactic shock when caring for a person in respiratory distress _______ - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS maintain open airway, summon EMS, help the victim to rest in a comfortable position that makes breathing easier, reassure and comfort the victim, assist the victim with any of their medication, keep the victim from getting chilled or over heated, administer emergency oxygen and monitor it if trained and available list 5 possible causes or respiratory arrest - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS drowning, obstructed airway, injury to the head, chest, lungs, abdomen, illness, respiratory conditions, congestive heart failure, heart attack, coronary heart disease, allergic reactions, electrocution, shock, poisoning, drug overdose, emotional distress when checking to see if someone is breathing you should - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS see if the victims chest clearly rises and falls the normal breathing rate for an adult is between ____ and _____ breathes per minute - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS 12 and 20 breaths per minute what is a lifeguards objective when caring for a drowning victim who is not breathing - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS get the victims mouth and nose out of the water, open the airway and given ventilations as quickly as possible when giving ventilations to an adult who is not breathing but has a definite pulse, you should give how many ventilations - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS 1 ventilation every 5- 6 seconds lasting about 1 second when giving ventilations to an child who is not breathing but has a definite pulse, you should give how many ventilations - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS 1 ventilation every 3 seconds for one second what should you do if you are giving ventilations and the victims chest does not rise after the first breath - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS reopen the airway, make a seal and try a second breath. then move to compressions describe the appropriate care for a conscious person with an airway obstruction (chocking) - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS get consent (identify yourself), encourage them to cough it up, 5 back blows, 5 abdominal thrusts if a conscious chocking victim becomes unresponsive what should you do - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS lower the victim to the ground and get an AED and summon EMS. begin CPR with chest compressions, give ventilations 30 compressions, 2 ventilations describe the 5 links in the cardiac chain of survival for adults - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS 1. recognition of cardiac arrest and activation of the emergency response system 2. early car to keep oxygen rich blood flowing and to help delay brain damage and death 3. early debrilliation to help restore an effective heart rhythm and significantly increase the victims chance for survival 4. advanced life support using advanced medical personnel who can provide the proper tools and medication needed to continue the lifesaving care 5. integrated post cardiac arrest care to optimize ventilation and oxygenation and treat hypotension immediately after the return of the spontaneous circulation for each minute CPR and defibrillation are delayed, the victims chance of survival is reduced by about __ percent - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS 10% what should you do if you think someone is having a heart attack - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS summon EMS and provide prompt care, ask open ended questions such as how are you feeling and hear the symptoms in the victims own words. take immediate action and summon Ems, have the victim stop any activity and rest in a comfortable position, loosen tight or uncomfortable clothing, closely monitor the victim until EMS the over. comfort the victim, be prepared to perform CPR and use AED signs of cardiac arrest include - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS sudden collapse, unresponsiveness, abnormal breathing, no pulse what is the objective of CPR - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS to perform a combination of effective chest compressions and ventilations to circulate blood that contains oxygen the victims brain and other vital organs compressions given at the correct rate of at least _____ per minute to a maximum of _____ per minute - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS 100, 120 what is the appropriate compression depth when providing CPR to an adult - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS 2 inches but no more than 2.4 inches when providing two rescuer CPR, when should rescuers change positions - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS at least every 2 minutes (5 cycles of 30 compressions 2 ventilations) you arrive on the scene when another lifeguard is performing CPR, what should you do first - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS confirm weather EMS has been called, if they haven't, call, if they have get the AED or help perform CPR when performing 2 rescuer CPR on an infant, describe how lifeguards should modify the following - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS compression to ventilation ratio: 15:2 not 30:2 the compression technique: encircling thumbs technique provide 3 examples why a lifeguard could or should stop CPR - THE CORRECT ASNWER IS you see an obvious sign of life (normal breathing or movement), an AED is ready to analyze, other trained responders EMS is there, you are too exhausted to continue,. the scene becomes unsafe