American Red Cross lifeguarding written Exam-with 100% verified solutions 2024-2025, Exams of Nursing

Download American Red Cross lifeguarding written Exam-with 100% verified solutions 2024-2025 and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! American Red Cross lifeguarding written Exam- with 100% verified solutions 2024-2025 What is the primary responsibility of a lifeguard? to prevent drowning and other injuries from occurring at your aquatic facility. Provide three examples of how lifeguards fulfill their primary responsibility monitoring activities in and near the water through patron servaliance, preventing injuries by minimizing or eliminating hazardous situations or behaviors, enforcing facility rules and regulations and educating patrons about them, recognizing and responding quickly and effectively to all the emergencies, administering first air and CPR including using an automated external defibrillator (AED) and if trained, administering emergency oxygen when needed, working as a team with other lifeguards, faculty, and staff management. list 5 examples of secondary responsibilities (other tasks) that should never interfere with patron serveillance testing the pool water chemistry, assist patrons by performing safety orientations, administering swim tests, fitting life jackets and other duties, cleaning or performing maintenance, completing records and reports, performing opening duties, closing duties, or facility safety checks and inspections. list 5 characteristics of a professional lifeguard knowledgable and skilled, reliable, mature, courteous and consistent, positive, professional, healthy and fit lifeguards should: always be attentive and sit or stand upright when on surveillance duty a lifeguard is texting while on surveillance duty and fails to recognize a swimmer in distress. what legal principle could be a problem for this lifeguard? negligence list the 5 steps that a lifeguard should take when obtaining consent from an injured or ill person before providing first air or emergency care state your name, state your level of training, ask if you may help, explain that you would like to assess them to find out what you think may be wrong or what you can do to help, explain what you plan to do. what is the validity of an American Red Cross lifeguarding certification? how does an American Red Cross certified lifeguard get recertified? (2 years.) annual certification training. why is it important to attend a pre-season orientation and training to ensure lifeguards understand their responsibilities and know how to perform their job, to ensure that they get practice with their facilities safety and rescue equipment and emergency action plans, to ensure they understand codes, rules and regulations of their facility. what does EAP stand for emergency action plan why is it important for lifeguards and other team members to understand and practice the EAP to know what role you'll play, to know how you all work as a team what is the best practice for the frequency of in-service training participation at well-managed aquatic facilities at least. hours of in service training each month continued to struggle underwater once submerged, eventually will loose consciousness and stop moving. DROWNING VICTIM - PASSIVE: no struggle/slipping underwater due to a medical condition such as having a heart, seizure, head injury, heart related illness, hypothermia, hyperventilation/prolonged underwater breath holding. they might float face down or near the surface or bottom, might be limp or have little movement, have no body action/no breathing, might look like their floating, may be face down, on one side, face up or at the bottom. roving stations when a facility is unusually crowded. a roving lifeguard is assigned to a specific zone, which is covered by another lifeguard on an elevated station. they walk around and are able to position themseleves where needed in the zone. elevated stations most effective posistion for a broad view. single lifeguard. ground level stations fixed location on a deck or in shallow water. quick response to be close to patrons so you can assist quickly and enforce safety rules. floating station watching swimmers from a water craft (boat like at camp) patrol on the outer edge of the swimming area, can be quickly to the rescue. could be a knack, rowboat. a lifeguard on duty should be able to recognize and reach a drowning victim within? 30 seconds the size of a zone should allow for a lifeguard to recognize an emergency, reach the victim, extricate and provide ventilations within___. explain why 1 1/2 - 2 minutes total coverage you are the only lifeguard while you are on duty, you have to scan the entire area, control the activities of patrons in and out of the water and recognize and respond to emergencies zone coverage the swimming area is divided into zones, with one guard for each zone, they should overlap lifeguards should be actively ______ in their zones. why? searching you are guarding a lap swim with only two patrons. all of the following will help you deal with the monotony except for which? swing your whistle lanyard it is very hot in your facility and you are starting to doze on the stand. all of the following can help you stay alert except for which? jump in the pool while on servallience duty to cool off the glare of the lights on the water movements are making it hard to see all areas of your zone. what are all the acceptable options. wear polarized sunglasses, change body position, reposition your lifeguard station (with approval) why is it important for lifeguard managers to conduct drills to test zones to test the effectiveness of their zones and make any modifications as necessary ___, which can be described as rapid, deep breathing, is a dangerous technique used by some swimmers to try to swim long distances underwater or to hold their breath for an extended period while submerged in one place. if you see these dangerous activities you must intervene. voluntary hyperventilation RID stands for recognition, intrusion, distraction recognition: recognizing a person in distress or drowning intrusion: when secondary duties intrude on your primary duties distraction: talking to people while on duty why should an EAP be facility specific different facility layouts, number of staff on duty at a time, location of backup lifeguards and other safety team members, equipment used and typical response times of the local emergency medical services (EMS) system. provide three examples of situation based EAPs water emergency- drowning victim - active water emergency- drowning victim - passive water emergency- spinal injury victim water emergency - missing person land emergency - injury or illness others include: evacuations, sheltering in place, severe weather, chemical spills or leaks, power failures, violence, thefts in progress what order rescue, equipment check, signal, return to duty, report/advise/release signal, rescue, report/advise/release, equipment check, return to duty describe the actions of the additional safety team members listed below during a rescue where the victim is unresponsive and requires additional emergency care other lifeguards: help additional safety team members (front desk staff, maintenance staff) assisting with emergency rescues if trained, summoning EMS, bringing rescue equipment, clearing the swimming area, altering additional safety memebers, controlling bystanders, securing and protecting the area or evacuating the facility, notifying the chain of command (lifeguard supervisor, manager, etc.), meeting and directing EMS responders to the scene, collecting information for reports, dealing with questions from the media or patrons. when completing a report you should collect all factual information about what was seen, heard and the actions taken who should deal with questions from the media after an incident and why only management or designated spokesperson should talk to the media why might a supervisor chose NOT to re-open a facility that was closed during an emergency? provide an example depends on safety issues such as weather enough lifeguards are ready to return to survalience duty, all of the required equipment is in place or spills involving blood or other potentially infectious materials have been all cleaned up members of the safety team, including non-lifeguard personnel should be aquatics instructors, admissions personnel, retail, concession, administrative staff, maintenance, custodial, security people, supervisors, administrators (park rangers, game wardens, marine safety officers, etc.) TRAINED AND CERTIFIED IN FIRST AIR AND CPR/AED AT THE SAME LEVEL OF THE LIFEGUARD TEAM explain each task report: collecting all the required info about the victim such as name, address, contact info (before releasing the victim) then continue filling out the info regarding the rescue (do not record opinions or info given to you by someone else) Sometimes you'll take witness statements, remember what documentation for legal reasons is needed advise: might give safety instructions to victim for next time, or tell them what they should do to treat themselves, might have EMS give advise (always document actions and advice on the incident report) release: a victim may only be released when the rescue and emergency care provided by you and safety team is complete. you might release them under their own care or to the care of EMS. always document that the victim was released list the general procedures in order for situations involving a water rescue 1. activate the emergency action plan (EAP 2. enter the water, if necessary 3. perform an appropriate rescue 4. move the victim to a safe exit point 5. remove the victim from the water 6. provide emergency care as needed 7. report, advise, release provide and appropriate assessment always treating life threatening conditions first handle the rescue with a sense of urgency touching solid dressings that are contaminated with potentially infectious material is an example of indirect contact examples of work practice controls include dispose of sharp objects, avoid splashing, spraying or splattering droplets of blood or other infectious materials when performing procedures, remove and dispose soiled protective clothing asap, clean and disinfect all equipment or work surfaces, use good hand hygiene, don't eat drink smoke or apply lip cosmetics or touch the eye mouth or nose when an infectious area is near, isolate contaminated areas for others the OSHA recommended solution to use disinfecting contaminated or soiled equipment and surfaces is 1 part bleach to 9 parts of water place the following general procedures for injury or sudden illness on land in order 1. size up the scene 2. perform a primary assessment 3. summon EMS 4. perform secondary assessment 5. provide care for conditions found 6. report, advise, and release describe 6 actions you should take or determinations that you should make while performing a scene size up 1.use your senses to check for hazards that could present a danger to you or the victim, such as unusual odors 2. use appropriate PPE 3. determine the number of injured or ill victims 4. determine the nature of the illness or what cause the injury 5. form an initial impression that may indicate a life threatening emergency 4. determine what additional resources may be needed provide a situation and specific example of when you should move a victim who is on land when emergency occurs in the water for land only move them after you have conducted an assessment and provided care move a victim only if: you are faced with immediate danger, you need to get to other victims who have more serious injuries or illnesses, it is necessary to provide appropriate care (moving to perform CPR) if you are alone when responding to someone who is ill when should you call first or care first call first: any adult or child about 12 years of age or older who is unresponsive, a child or infant who suddenly collapsed that you witnessed, an unresponsive child or infant known to have heart problems care first: an unresponsive child who you did not see collapse, a victim suspected of drowning how do you tell the difference between a child, adult, and infant child: 1-12 years old (1-puberty) infant: younger than 1 years old adult: 12 years or older when would you give 2 ventilations before starting CPR: for unresponsive person who is not breathing or no pulse to begin CPR if u find a victim unresponsive as a result of drowning if the victim is not breathing, no pulse, and not in the water (cardiac emergency) lack of oxygen can eventually stop the heart (cardiac arrest) and prevent blood from reaching the brain and other vital organs in as little as _______ minutes after submerging. brain cell damage or death begins to occur within ____ to ______ minutes 3 minutes describe the appropriate care for a conscious person with an airway obstruction (chocking) get consent (identify yourself), encourage them to cough it up, 5 back blows, 5 abdominal thrusts if a conscious chocking victim becomes unresponsive what should you do lower the victim to the ground and get an AED and summon EMS. begin CPR with chest compressions, give ventilations 30 compressions, 2 ventilations describe the 5 links in the cardiac chain of survival for adults 1. recognition of cardiac arrest and activation of the emergency response system 2. early car to keep oxygen rich blood flowing and to help delay brain damage and death 3. early debrilliation to help restore an effective heart rhythm and significantly increase the victims chance for survival 4. advanced life support using advanced medical personnel who can provide the proper tools and medication needed to continue the lifesaving care 5. integrated post cardiac arrest care to optimize ventilation and oxygenation and treat hypotension immediately after the return of the spontaneous circulation for each minute CPR and defibrillation are delayed, the victims chance of survival is reduced by about __ percent 10% what should you do if you think someone is having a heart attack summon EMS and provide prompt care, ask open ended questions such as how are you feeling and hear the symptoms in the victims own words. take immediate action and summon Ems, have the victim stop any activity and rest in a comfortable position, loosen tight or uncomfortable clothing, closely monitor the victim until EMS the over. comfort the victim, be prepared to perform CPR and use AED signs of cardiac arrest include sudden collapse, unresponsiveness, abnormal breathing, no pulse what is the objective of CPR to perform a combination of effective chest compressions and ventilations to circulate blood that contains oxygen the victims brain and other vital organs compressions given at the correct rate of at least _____ per minute to a maximum of _____ per minute 100, 120 what is the appropriate compression depth when providing CPR to an adult 2 inches but no more than 2.4 inches when providing two rescuer CPR, when should rescuers change positions at least every 2 minutes (5 cycles of 30 compressions 2 ventilations) you arrive on the scene when another lifeguard is performing CPR, what should you do first confirm weather EMS has been called, if they haven't, call, if they have get the AED or help perform CPR when performing 2 rescuer CPR on an infant, describe how lifeguards should modify the following compression to ventilation ratio: 15:2 not 30:2 the compression technique: encircling thumbs technique provide 3 examples why a lifeguard could or should stop CPR you see an obvious sign of life (normal breathing or movement), an AED is ready to analyze, other trained responders EMS is there, you are too exhausted to continue,. the scene becomes unsafe true or false: it is not appropriate to use an AED on a victim who is pregnant and why YOU CAN USE AN AED ON PREGNANT WOMAN when completing a secondary assessment, lifeguards use SAMPLE to gather a brief history of the responsive victim, what does the mnemonic SAMPLE stand for what are a lifeguards objectives while waiting for EMS personnel to arrive what are the signs and symptoms of shock restlessness or irritability, altered LOC, pale, cool, moist skin, vommiting, rapid breathing/pulse, excessive thirst __________ is a life threatening condition that occurs when the body systems are overwhelmed by heat and stop functioning heat stroke list 3 signs and symptoms of the condition descirbed above changes in LOC, skin that is hot to touch, skin that is wet/dry/red/pale, vision disturbances, seizures, committing, rapid/shallow breathing, rapid/weak pulses, lack of sweating list 3 examples of high impact/high risk activities in an aquatic environment enterting head first into shallow water, falling from greater than standing height, entering the pool from a height (diving board, water slide, etc.), striking a submerged or floating object, receiving a bow to the head, colliding with another swimmer, striking the water with high impact such as falling while water skiing or surfing spinal injury procedures in order 1. activate the AEP 2. safely enter the water 3. perform a rescue providing manual in line stabilization 4. check for responsiveness and breathing (if breathing proceed, if not remove the person from water using passive extractive technique) 5. re-assess the victims condition and provide appropriate care the ______ technique is used for performing manual in line stabilization for victims in the water head splint backboards work best when they are equipped with a chest strap to secure the victim, a head immobilizer device that can be attached to the top of the board what should you do after you enter the water with a spinal injury put them on the backboard appropriate rescue techniques for a victim with a spinal injury spinal back boarding procedures, spinal back boarding procedure-high edges, spinal back boarding procedure-speed slide what should you tell the victim with a back boarding spinal procedure let them know what you are doing and reassure them along the way. tell them to nod their head yes or no to your questions describe 4 ways additional lifeguards can help during spinal back boarding and extraction from the water help to submerge, position and stabilize the backboard from the deck, support in water rescue in deep water, support the backboard while the chest strap and head immobilizer are secured, communicating with and reassuring the victim, guiding the backboard as it is being removed from the water, providing care after the victim has been removed from the water