American Red Cross lifeguarding written Exam with Guaranteed Accurate Answers, Exams of Nursing

Download American Red Cross lifeguarding written Exam with Guaranteed Accurate Answers and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! American Red Cross lifeguarding written Exam with Guaranteed Accurate Answers What is the primary responsibility of a lifeguard? - correct answer ✔✔to prevent drowning and other injuries from occurring at your aquatic facility. Provide three examples of how lifeguards fulfill their primary responsibility - correct answer ✔✔monitoring activities in and near the water through patron servaliance, preventing injuries by minimizing or eliminating hazardous situations or behaviors, enforcing facility rules and regulations and educating patrons about them, recognizing and responding quickly and effectively to all the emergencies, administering first air and CPR including using an automated external defibrillator (AED) and if trained, administering emergency oxygen when needed, working as a team with other lifeguards, faculty, and staff management. list 5 examples of secondary responsibilities (other tasks) that should never interfere with patron serveillance - correct answer ✔✔testing the pool water chemistry, assist patrons by performing safety orientations, administering swim tests, fitting life jackets and other duties, cleaning or performing maintenance, completing records and reports, performing opening duties, closing duties, or facility safety checks and inspections. list 5 characteristics of a professional lifeguard - correct answer ✔✔knowledgable and skilled, reliable, mature, courteous and consistent, positive, professional, healthy and fit lifeguards should: - correct answer ✔✔always be attentive and sit or stand upright when on surveillance duty a lifeguard is texting while on surveillance duty and fails to recognize a swimmer in distress. what legal principle could be a problem for this lifeguard? - correct answer ✔✔negligence list the 5 steps that a lifeguard should take when obtaining consent from an injured or ill person before providing first air or emergency care - correct answer ✔✔state your name, state your level of training, ask if you may help, explain that you would like to assess them to find out what you think may be wrong or what you can do to help, explain what you plan to do. what is the validity of an American Red Cross lifeguarding certification? how does an American Red Cross certified lifeguard get recertified? - correct answer ✔✔(2 years.) annual certification training. why is it important to attend a pre-season orientation and training - correct answer ✔✔to ensure lifeguards understand their responsibilities and know how to perform their job, to ensure that they get practice with their facilities safety and rescue equipment and emergency action plans, to ensure they understand codes, rules and regulations of their facility. what does EAP stand for - correct answer ✔✔emergency action plan DISTRESSED SWIMMER: above the water, trying to support self by holding or clinging to a lane, line, expression for concern for personal safety, is breathing, floating, sculling or treading water, might wave for help, horizontal, vertical, or diagonal, little or no forward moving progress, less and less able to support self, able to call for help but might not do so, at the surface of water. DROWNING VICTIM- ACTIVE: someone who is struggling to remain at the surface of the water, they are tying to keep their mouth above the water (instinctive drowning response). they may not be able to call out for help, works to keep their face above the water, may be horizontal face down position, has extended arms to the side or front pressing down for support, is positioned vertically in the water with an ineffective kick, might continued to struggle underwater once submerged, eventually will loose consciousness and stop moving. DROWNING VICTIM - PASSIVE: no struggle/slipping underwater due to a medical condition such as having a heart, seizure, head injury, heart related illness, hypothermia, hyperventilation/prolonged underwater breath holding. they might float face down or near the surface or bottom, might be limp or have little movement, have no body action/no breathing, might look like their floating, may be face down, on one side, face up or at the bottom. roving stations - correct answer ✔✔when a facility is unusually crowded. a roving lifeguard is assigned to a specific zone, which is covered by another lifeguard on an elevated station. they walk around and are able to position themseleves where needed in the zone. elevated stations - correct answer ✔✔most effective posistion for a broad view. single lifeguard. ground level stations - correct answer ✔✔fixed location on a deck or in shallow water. quick response to be close to patrons so you can assist quickly and enforce safety rules. floating station - correct answer ✔✔watching swimmers from a water craft (boat like at camp) patrol on the outer edge of the swimming area, can be quickly to the rescue. could be a knack, rowboat. a lifeguard on duty should be able to recognize and reach a drowning victim within? - correct answer ✔✔30 seconds the size of a zone should allow for a lifeguard to recognize an emergency, reach the victim, extricate and provide ventilations within___. explain why - correct answer ✔✔1 1/2 - 2 minutes total coverage - correct answer ✔✔you are the only lifeguard while you are on duty, you have to scan the entire area, control the activities of patrons in and out of the water and recognize and respond to emergencies zone coverage - correct answer ✔✔the swimming area is divided into zones, with one guard for each zone, they should overlap lifeguards should be actively ______ in their zones. why? - correct answer ✔✔searching you are guarding a lap swim with only two patrons. all of the following will help you deal with the monotony except for which? - correct answer ✔✔swing your whistle lanyard it is very hot in your facility and you are starting to doze on the stand. all of the following can help you stay alert except for which? - correct answer ✔✔jump in the pool while on servallience duty to cool off the glare of the lights on the water movements are making it hard to see all areas of your zone. what are all the acceptable options. - correct answer ✔✔wear polarized sunglasses, change body position, reposition your lifeguard station (with approval) why is it important for lifeguard managers to conduct drills to test zones - correct answer ✔✔to test the effectiveness of their zones and make any modifications as necessary ___, which can be described as rapid, deep breathing, is a dangerous technique used by some swimmers to try to swim long distances underwater or to hold their breath for an extended period while submerged in one place. if you see these dangerous activities you must intervene. - correct answer ✔✔voluntary hyperventilation describe the steps in order to conduct a swim test - correct answer ✔✔1. enter the water and completely submerge 2. recover to the surface and remain there for at least one minute (floating or treading) 3. rotate 360 degrees and orient to the exit 4. level off and propel oneself on the front or the back through the water for at least 25 yards 5. exit the water why should an EAP be facility specific - correct answer ✔✔different facility layouts, number of staff on duty at a time, location of backup lifeguards and other safety team members, equipment used and typical response times of the local emergency medical services (EMS) system. provide three examples of situation based EAPs - correct answer ✔✔water emergency- drowning victim - active water emergency- drowning victim - passive water emergency- spinal injury victim water emergency - missing person land emergency - injury or illness others include: evacuations, sheltering in place, severe weather, chemical spills or leaks, power failures, violence, thefts in progress what order rescue, equipment check, signal, return to duty, report/advise/release - correct answer ✔✔signal, rescue, report/advise/release, equipment check, return to duty describe the actions of the additional safety team members listed below during a rescue where the victim is unresponsive and requires additional emergency care - correct answer ✔✔other lifeguards: help additional safety team members (front desk staff, maintenance staff) assisting with emergency rescues if trained, summoning EMS, bringing rescue equipment, clearing the swimming area, altering additional safety memebers, controlling bystanders, securing and protecting the area or evacuating the facility, notifying the chain of command (lifeguard supervisor, manager, etc.), meeting and directing EMS responders to the scene, collecting information for reports, dealing with questions from the media or patrons. when completing a report you should - correct answer ✔✔collect all factual information about what was seen, heard and the actions taken who should deal with questions from the media after an incident and why - correct answer ✔✔only management or designated spokesperson should talk to the media why might a supervisor chose NOT to re-open a facility that was closed during an emergency? provide an example - correct answer ✔✔depends on safety issues such as weather enough lifeguards are ready to return to survalience duty, all of the required equipment is in place or spills involving blood or other potentially infectious materials have been all cleaned up members of the safety team, including non-lifeguard personnel should be - correct answer ✔✔aquatics instructors, admissions personnel, retail, concession, administrative staff, maintenance, custodial, security people, supervisors, administrators (park rangers, game wardens, marine safety officers, etc.) TRAINED AND CERTIFIED IN FIRST AIR AND CPR/AED AT THE SAME LEVEL OF THE LIFEGUARD TEAM explain each task - correct answer ✔✔report: collecting all the required info about the victim such as name, address, contact info (before releasing the victim) then continue filling out the info regarding the rescue (do not record opinions or info given to you by someone else) Sometimes you'll take witness statements, remember what documentation for legal reasons is needed advise: might give safety instructions to victim for next time, or tell them what they should do to treat themselves, might have EMS give advise (always document actions and advice on the incident report) active victim rear rescue: a drowning victim facing away from you passive victim front rescue: face down, unresponsive, no head injury facing towards you passive victim rear rescue: face down unresponsive no head injury away from you -using a backboard -quick removal for a small victim -walking assist -beach drag -rescue board what are the four core objectives in any rescue situation - correct answer ✔✔ensure the safety of the victim, yourself and others in the vicinity. this includes the entry, approach, rescue, removal, and care provided. use a rescue technique that is appropriate and effective for the situation provide and appropriate assessment always treating life threatening conditions first handle the rescue with a sense of urgency touching solid dressings that are contaminated with potentially infectious material is an example of - correct answer ✔✔indirect contact examples of work practice controls include - correct answer ✔✔dispose of sharp objects, avoid splashing, spraying or splattering droplets of blood or other infectious materials when performing procedures, remove and dispose soiled protective clothing asap, clean and disinfect all equipment or work surfaces, use good hand hygiene, don't eat drink smoke or apply lip cosmetics or touch the eye mouth or nose when an infectious area is near, isolate contaminated areas for others the OSHA recommended solution to use disinfecting contaminated or soiled equipment and surfaces is - correct answer ✔✔1 part bleach to 9 parts of water place the following general procedures for injury or sudden illness on land in order - correct answer ✔✔1. size up the scene 2. perform a primary assessment 3. summon EMS 4. perform secondary assessment 5. provide care for conditions found 6. report, advise, and release describe 6 actions you should take or determinations that you should make while performing a scene size up - correct answer ✔✔1.use your senses to check for hazards that could present a danger to you or the victim, such as unusual odors 2. use appropriate PPE 3. determine the number of injured or ill victims 4. determine the nature of the illness or what cause the injury 5. form an initial impression that may indicate a life threatening emergency 4. determine what additional resources may be needed provide a situation and specific example of when you should move a victim who is on land - correct answer ✔✔when emergency occurs in the water for land only move them after you have conducted an assessment and provided care move a victim only if: you are faced with immediate danger, you need to get to other victims who have more serious injuries or illnesses, it is necessary to provide appropriate care (moving to perform CPR) if you are alone when responding to someone who is ill when should you call first or care first - correct answer ✔✔call first: any adult or child about 12 years of age or older who is unresponsive, a child or infant who suddenly collapsed that you witnessed, an unresponsive child or infant known to have heart problems care first: an unresponsive child who you did not see collapse, a victim suspected of drowning the normal breathing rate for an adult is between ____ and _____ breathes per minute - correct answer ✔✔12 and 20 breaths per minute what is a lifeguards objective when caring for a drowning victim who is not breathing - correct answer ✔✔get the victims mouth and nose out of the water, open the airway and given ventilations as quickly as possible when giving ventilations to an adult who is not breathing but has a definite pulse, you should give how many ventilations - correct answer ✔✔1 ventilation every 5-6 seconds lasting about 1 second when giving ventilations to an child who is not breathing but has a definite pulse, you should give how many ventilations - correct answer ✔✔1 ventilation every 3 seconds for one second what should you do if you are giving ventilations and the victims chest does not rise after the first breath - correct answer ✔✔reopen the airway, make a seal and try a second breath. then move to compressions describe the appropriate care for a conscious person with an airway obstruction (chocking) - correct answer ✔✔get consent (identify yourself), encourage them to cough it up, 5 back blows, 5 abdominal thrusts if a conscious chocking victim becomes unresponsive what should you do - correct answer ✔✔lower the victim to the ground and get an AED and summon EMS. begin CPR with chest compressions, give ventilations 30 compressions, 2 ventilations describe the 5 links in the cardiac chain of survival for adults - correct answer ✔✔1. recognition of cardiac arrest and activation of the emergency response system 2. early car to keep oxygen rich blood flowing and to help delay brain damage and death 3. early debrilliation to help restore an effective heart rhythm and significantly increase the victims chance for survival 4. advanced life support using advanced medical personnel who can provide the proper tools and medication needed to continue the lifesaving care 5. integrated post cardiac arrest care to optimize ventilation and oxygenation and treat hypotension immediately after the return of the spontaneous circulation for each minute CPR and defibrillation are delayed, the victims chance of survival is reduced by about __ percent - correct answer ✔✔10% what should you do if you think someone is having a heart attack - correct answer ✔✔summon EMS and provide prompt care, ask open ended questions such as how are you feeling and hear the symptoms in the victims own words. take immediate action and summon Ems, have the victim stop any activity and rest in a comfortable position, loosen tight or uncomfortable clothing, closely monitor the victim until EMS the over. comfort the victim, be prepared to perform CPR and use AED signs of cardiac arrest include - correct answer ✔✔sudden collapse, unresponsiveness, abnormal breathing, no pulse what is the objective of CPR - correct answer ✔✔to perform a combination of effective chest compressions and ventilations to circulate blood that contains oxygen the victims brain and other vital organs compressions given at the correct rate of at least _____ per minute to a maximum of _____ per minute - correct answer ✔✔100, 120 what is the appropriate compression depth when providing CPR to an adult - correct answer ✔✔2 inches but no more than 2.4 inches when providing two rescuer CPR, when should rescuers change positions - correct answer ✔✔at least every 2 minutes (5 cycles of 30 compressions 2 ventilations) you arrive on the scene when another lifeguard is performing CPR, what should you do first - correct answer ✔✔confirm weather EMS has been called, if they haven't, call, if they have get the AED or help perform CPR the persons first one, it lasts more than 5 minutes, they have repeated seizures with no lucid period, they are injured, the cause is unknown, the person is pregnant, they have diabetes, they fail to regain consciousness afterwards, they are elderly and may have had a stroke put the care steps in order - correct answer ✔✔1. summon EMS personnel 2. support the person with their head above water 3. remove from water 4. position on back and start primary assessment 5. if breathing position them on side what sudden illness could someone who lost their balance and has blurred speech and numb arm be expierencing - correct answer ✔✔stroke what does FAST stand for and when would you use it - correct answer ✔✔face, arm, speech, time what are a lifeguards objectives while waiting for EMS personnel to arrive - correct answer ✔✔ what are the signs and symptoms of shock - correct answer ✔✔restlessness or irritability, altered LOC, pale, cool, moist skin, vommiting, rapid breathing/pulse, excessive thirst __________ is a life threatening condition that occurs when the body systems are overwhelmed by heat and stop functioning - correct answer ✔✔heat stroke list 3 signs and symptoms of the condition descirbed above - correct answer ✔✔changes in LOC, skin that is hot to touch, skin that is wet/dry/red/pale, vision disturbances, seizures, committing, rapid/shallow breathing, rapid/weak pulses, lack of sweating list 3 examples of high impact/high risk activities in an aquatic environment - correct answer ✔✔enterting head first into shallow water, falling from greater than standing height, entering the pool from a height (diving board, water slide, etc.), striking a submerged or floating object, receiving a bow to the head, colliding with another swimmer, striking the water with high impact such as falling while water skiing or surfing spinal injury procedures in order - correct answer ✔✔1. activate the AEP 2. safely enter the water 3. perform a rescue providing manual in line stabilization 4. check for responsiveness and breathing (if breathing proceed, if not remove the person from water using passive extractive technique) 5. re-assess the victims condition and provide appropriate care the ______ technique is used for performing manual in line stabilization for victims in the water - correct answer ✔✔head splint backboards work best when they are equipped with - correct answer ✔✔a chest strap to secure the victim, a head immobilizer device that can be attached to the top of the board what should you do after you enter the water with a spinal injury - correct answer ✔✔put them on the backboard appropriate rescue techniques for a victim with a spinal injury - correct answer ✔✔spinal back boarding procedures, spinal back boarding procedure-high edges, spinal back boarding procedure-speed slide what should you tell the victim with a back boarding spinal procedure - correct answer ✔✔let them know what you are doing and reassure them along the way. tell them to nod their head yes or no to your questions describe 4 ways additional lifeguards can help during spinal back boarding and extraction from the water - correct answer ✔✔help to submerge, position and stabilize the backboard from the deck, support in water rescue in deep water, support the backboard while the chest strap and head immobilizer are secured, communicating with and reassuring the victim, guiding the backboard as it is being removed from the water, providing care after the victim has been removed from the water