Anatomy and Physiology Chapter 1 Test Bank, Exams of Nursing

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Test Bank Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1 Questions with Answers Correct & Verified which describes the study of the functions of body structures? a. anatomy b. physiology c. endocrinology d. histology e. immunology - Correct Answer ✅b. physiology a group of cells that work together to perform a particular function is a(n) a. tissue b. organ c. molecules d. compounds e. organism - Correct Answer ✅a. tissue what process occurs when amino acids build new proteins (select all that apply): a. metabolism Test Bank Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1 Questions with Answers Correct & Verified b. anabolism c. catabolism d. responsiveness e. differentiation - Correct Answer ✅a. metabolism & b. anabolism how are reproduction, differentiation, & growth related? - Correct Answer ✅reproduction occurs through the fertilization of an ovum by a sperm cell to form a zygote, followed by repeated cell divisions & the differentiation of these cells. growth is an increase in body size that results from an increase in the size of existing cells, an increase, in the number of cells, or both. the two organ systems that predominantly regulate & maintain homeostasis are the a. cardiovascular & integumentary systems b. nervous & endocrine systems c. cardiovascular & respiratory systems d. respiratory & muscular systems Test Bank Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1 Questions with Answers Correct & Verified cardiomyopathy worsens as the heart weakens. swelling in the legs occurs & is classified as a (select all that apply): a. symptom b. disorder c. disturbance d. disease e. sign - Correct Answer ✅b. disorder & c. disturbance & e. sign describe the anatomical position - Correct Answer ✅in the anatomical position, the subject stands erect facing the observer w/ the head level & the eyes facing forward. the feet are flat on the floor & directed forward & the arms are at the sides w/ the palms turned forward put the cavities in order from broadest to most specific in which the lungs are located a. thoracic, ventral, parietal pleura, visceral pleura Test Bank Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1 Questions with Answers Correct & Verified b. ventral, visceral pleura, thoracic, parietal pleura c. ventral, thoracic, parietal pleura, visceral pleura d. thoracic, ventral, visceral pleura, parietal pleura - Correct Answer ✅c. ventral, thoracic, parietal pleura, visceral pleura put the cavities in order from broadest to most specific in which the urinary bladder is located a. ventral, abdominopelvic, pelvic, parietal peritoneal, visceral peritoneal b. abdominopelvic, ventral, pelvic, visceral peritoneal, parietal peritoneal c. ventral, abdominopelvic, visceral peritoneal, pelvic, parietal peritoneal d. abdominopelvic, pelvic, ventral, parietal peritoneal, visceral peritoneal - Correct Answer ✅a. ventral, abdominopelvic, pelvic, parietal peritoneal, visceral peritoneal which cavity contains the heart? a. cranial cavity Test Bank Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1 Questions with Answers Correct & Verified b. vertebral cavity c. abdominal cavity d. pericardial cavity e. pleural cavity - Correct Answer ✅d. pericardial cavity the functions of the secretions of the pleura, is to... a. separate the thoracic & abdominal cavities b. protect the central nervous system c. prevent infection d. reduce friction between neighboring organs e. carry nerve impulses - Correct Answer ✅d. reduce friction between neighboring organs cutting open the chest at the sternal marking would represent a(n) a. sagittal plane b. midsagittal plane c. transverse plane Test Bank Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1 Questions with Answers Correct & Verified a. inferior b. anterior c. contralateral d. superior e. superficial - Correct Answer ✅d. superior choose the directional term that would make the following sentence correct. the sternum is ___________ to the heart a. posterior b. anterior c. inferior d. superior e. lateral - Correct Answer ✅b. anterior in the figure, the ascending colon & gallbladder are considered ____________ to each other a. ipsilateral Test Bank Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1 Questions with Answers Correct & Verified b. contralateral c. lateral d. distal e. posterior - Correct Answer ✅a. ipsilateral which two organs in the diagram are in the abdominal cavity? select all that apply a. liver b. stomach c. lung d. heart e. transverse colon - Correct Answer ✅a. liver & b. stomach & e. transverse colon in the diagram, the femoral area is ______________ to the cervical area a. superior Test Bank Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1 Questions with Answers Correct & Verified b. inferior c. medial d. proximal e. posterior - Correct Answer ✅b. inferior in the diagram, the calcaneal is _______________ to the popliteal region a. ipsilateral b. contralateral c. superior d. anterior e. medial - Correct Answer ✅b. contralateral the ribs are _____________ to the sternum a. lateral b. medial c. proximal d. distal Test Bank Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1 Questions with Answers Correct & Verified explain the relationship between the skeletal system & the urinary system? - Correct Answer ✅the skeletal system supports & protects organs w/in the body, stores minerals. w/in the bones are the cells that produce blood cells. the urinary system helps regulate the production of red blood cells & helps maintain the body's mineral balance. name the structural levels of the body & briefly describe each level. - Correct Answer ✅the chemical level consists of atoms & molecules. the cellular level consists of cells which are the smallest form of life. the tissue level consists of groups of cells that work to provide a single function. the organ level consists of organs, constructed from different types of tissue that can provide several different specific functions. the organ systems consist of one or more organs that are interlinked in general functions. the organism is made up of all the organ systems, which work to provide homeostasis. list & briefly describes the six basic life processes - Correct Answer ✅the six basic life processes include: 1) metabolism: sum of all chemical processes in the body. Test Bank Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1 Questions with Answers Correct & Verified 2) responsiveness: body's ability to detect & respond to internal & external stimuli. 3) movement: motions that range from movements w/in individual cells to movement of the entire body. 4) growth: increase in body size or an increase in the number of cells. 5) differentiation: process that converts a cell from unspecialized to specialized. 6) reproduction: formation of new cells for growth & repair or production of a new individual describe a feedback system & list its general components - Correct Answer ✅a feedback loop is a cycle of events in which the status of the body condition is monitored, evaluated & changed to maintain homeostasis. a feedback system will include a receptor that detects the stimuli, a control center that receives the input from the receptor & generates an output, & an effector that receives the output & produces a response. Test Bank Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1 Questions with Answers Correct & Verified which noninvasive diagnostic techniques is an example of inspection? a. tapping & listening for an echo to detect fluid in the lungs b. feeling the abdomen to detect tender organs c. listening for crackling sounds during breathing d. examining the surface of patient's skin for presence of a rash e. feeling the gonads to detect abnormal masses - Correct Answer ✅d. examining the surface of patient's skin for presence of a rash which subspecialty of physiology addresses pharmacology, chemistry, & physiology of nervous tissue? a. endocrinology b. cardiovascular physiology c. neurophysiology d. immunology e. pathophysiology - Correct Answer ✅c. neurophysiology Test Bank Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1 Questions with Answers Correct & Verified d. otic e. inguinal - Correct Answer ✅c. sternal blood is often drawn from the front of the elbow or the _____________ marking a. olecranal b. antecubital c. carpal d. digital e. antebrachial - Correct Answer ✅b. antecubital swimmers ear is an infection in the outer ear canal. what anatomical term refers to the area infected? a. otic b. orbital c. ocular d. oral e. occipital - Correct Answer ✅a. otic Test Bank Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1 Questions with Answers Correct & Verified bunions are awful painful, pressure-sensitive areas that lead to displacement of the big toe. what term refers to the big toe? a. pollex b. tarsal c. hallux d. pedal e. carpal - Correct Answer ✅c. hallux abductor pollicis longus & extensor pollicis brevis are muscles that help move what anatomical marking? a. pollex b. tarsal c. hallux d. volar e. carpal - Correct Answer ✅a. pollex Test Bank Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1 Questions with Answers Correct & Verified the section shown in (C) results from cutting through a ______________ plane extending through the brain? a. frontal b. sagittal c. oblique d. midsagittal e. transverse - Correct Answer ✅e. transverse the section shown in (B) results form cutting through a _______________ plane extending through the brain? a. frontal b. sagittal c. oblique d. midsagittal e. transverse - Correct Answer ✅a. frontal which cavity contains the urinary bladder? a. A Test Bank Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1 Questions with Answers Correct & Verified what cavity contains the kidneys, adrenal glands, pancreas & the duodenum? a. retroperitoneal b. visceral pleura c. parietal pericardium d. visceral peritoneum e. mediastinum - Correct Answer ✅a. retroperitoneal according to the diagram, an appendectomy would be performed a. B b. D c. G d. H e. I - Correct Answer ✅c. G Test Bank Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1 Questions with Answers Correct & Verified a pt has a laparoscopic cholecystectomy (gallbladder removal). which abdominopelvic region would the doctor perform the surgery a. A b. B c. C d. D e. E - Correct Answer ✅a. A which radiographs were obtained using low-dose x-rays? a. A & B b. B & C c. C & D d. A & C e. B & E - Correct Answer ✅a. A & B discuss the importance of body fluids & which one is considered to be the body's internal environment - Correct Answer ✅an important aspect of homeostasis is maintaining Test Bank Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1 Questions with Answers Correct & Verified the volume & composition of body fluids, which are dilute, watery solutions containing the dissolved substances needed to sustain life. the fluid w/in cells is intracellular fluid (ICF) & the fluid found outside of cells is extracellular fluid (ECF). the ECF consists of interstitial fluid, blood plasma, lymph, cerebrospinal fluid, synovial fluid, aqueous humor, & vitreous. the ECF called interstitial fluid, which is the fluid found in the narrow spaces between cells & tissues, is also known as the body's internal environment. this is due to the fact that the proper functioning of body cells depends on precise regulation of the composition of the interstitial fluid surrounding them. which examples exhibit the basic life process of growth? a. muscle contraction b. digestion of proteins c. lifting weights & gaining muscle mass d. mineral deposits accumulating between bone cells to cause a bone to lengthen - Correct Answer ✅c. lifting weights & gaining muscle mass Test Bank Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1 Questions with Answers Correct & Verified d. increasing strength of uterine contractions in response to cervical stretch e. decreasing heart rate in response to elevated blood pressure f. depolarization causes sodium channels to open & the opening of sodium channels causes the membrane to depolarize - Correct Answer ✅d. increasing strength of uterine contractions in response to cervical stretch & f. depolarization causes sodium channels to open & the opening of sodium channels causes the membrane to depolarize which organ contains the control center for the feedback system that regulates blood pressure? a. skin b. arteries c. brain d. heart e. pituitary gland - Correct Answer ✅c. brain Test Bank Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1 Questions with Answers Correct & Verified what are common characteristics of a negative feedback system (select all that apply)? a. regulates conditions in body that remain fairly stable over long periods b. a self-amplifying cycle where a physiological change leads to even greater change in the same direction c. important in mainting homeostasis d. involves control centers in the nervous or endocrine stimulus e. stimulate changes that reverse the direction of the stimulus f. rate of a process increases as the concentration of the product increases - Correct Answer ✅a. regulates conditions in body that remain fairly stable over long periods & c. important in mainting homeostasis & d. involves control centers in the nervous or endocrine stimulus & e. stimulate changes that reverse the direction of the stimulus Test Bank Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1 Questions with Answers Correct & Verified place the following levels of organization from the most complex to the simplest level of organization a. chemical level, tissue level, cellular level, organismal level, organ level b. chemical level, cellular level, tissue level, organ level, organismal level c. cellular level, tissue level, organ level, chemical level, organismal level d. chemical level, organ level, cellular level, tissue level, organismal level - Correct Answer ✅b. chemical level, cellular level, tissue level, organ level, organismal level which tissue will form the top layer of the skin? a. epithelial tissue b. connective tissue c. muscular tissue d. necrotic tissue e. nervous tissue - Correct Answer ✅a. epithelial tissue Test Bank Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1 Questions with Answers Correct & Verified e. amniocentesis - Correct Answer ✅b. magnetic resonance imaging mammography & bone densitometry are good examples of which medical imaging? a. computed tomography b. magnetic resonance imaging c. ultrasound scanning d. radionuclide scanning e. low-dose radiography - Correct Answer ✅e. low-dose radiography mothers are able to visualize a fetus during pregnancy through a. computed tomography b. magnetic resonance imaging c. ultrasound scanning d. radionuclide scanning e. amniocentesis - Correct Answer ✅c. ultrasound scanning Test Bank Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1 Questions with Answers Correct & Verified metabolism of the brain can be measured through a. computed tomography b. magnetic resonance imaging c. ultrasound scanning d. positron emission tomography e. low-dose radiography - Correct Answer ✅d. positron emission tomography match the serous membrane w/ its location visceral pericardium: ______________ parietal peritoneum: ______________ parietal pleural: _______________ drop down choices: a. adheres to the outside of the heart b. lines the wall of the abdominopelvic cavity c. lines the wall of the chest cavity - Correct Answer ✅1) a. adheres to the outside of the heart Test Bank Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1 Questions with Answers Correct & Verified 2) b. lines the wall of the abdominopelvic cavity 3) c. lines the wall of the chest cavity in negative feedback, the ____________ monitors the controlled condition. input about the controlled condition is sent to the _______________, which evaluates the information received & compares it to the controlled conditions set point. if needed, a(n) _______________ will cause a change to the controlled condition. homeostasis helps maintain controlled conditions at a(n) _______________, which is the ideal range. drop down choises a. control center b. effector c. receptor d. set point - Correct Answer ✅1) c. receptor 2) a. control center 3) b. effector 4) d. set point Test Bank Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1 Questions with Answers Correct & Verified during sexual intercourse, stimulation leads to an increase in arousal & sexual behavior. this in turn leads to increased stimulation, until climax is reached & orgasm takes place. this is an example of a. positive feedback b. negative feedback - Correct Answer ✅a. positive feedback hydrochloric acid & pepsin are enzymes secreted by cells in your stomach to digest proteins. the presence of partially digested protein in the stomach triggers the secretion of more HCl and pepsin. thus, once digestion begins, it becomes a self-accelerating process. this is an example of a. positive feedback b. negative feedback - Correct Answer ✅a. positive feedback when the body is in correct anatomical position, the upper appendages are _______to the heart. the 3rd digit is Test Bank Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1 Questions with Answers Correct & Verified __________to the 2nd and 4th digit. the 5th digit is ________to the 1st digit. drop down choices a. lateral b. medial c. intermediate d. inferior e. superficial - Correct Answer ✅1) a. lateral 2) c. intermediate 3) b. medial if you eat a funnel cake, the following (simplified) events will occur: glucose from carbohydrates is absorbed in the intestine & level of glucose in blood rises. blood glucose levels rise and stimulates beta cells in the pancreas to release insulin; while simultaneously inhibiting alpha cells release of glucagon. insulin has a major effect of facilitating the movement of glucose into many cells, (i.e. liver); as a result, blood glucose levels fall. when blood glucose levels Test Bank Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 1 Questions with Answers Correct & Verified drop, the stimulus for insulin release disappears & insulin is no longer secreted. what type of feedback is occurring? ______________ what is the stimulus? ________________ what are the receptors? ______________ what is the output? ________________ - Correct Answer ✅1) negative 2) increased glucose levels in blood 3) beta cells 4) insulin