Anatomy and Physiology Test Bank, Exams of Anatomy

Download Anatomy and Physiology Test Bank and more Exams Anatomy in PDF only on Docsity! Intro A&P Test bank 5 latest C - ANS Which of the following is the correct order of the layers of the cutaneous membrane? A) epidermis, hypodermis, dermis B) dermis, epidermis, hypodermis C) epidermis, dermis, hypodermis D) hypodermis, dermis, epidermis E) dermis, hypodermis, dermis C - ANS The deepest layer of cells in the epidermis is the cells of the A) stratum corneum. B) stratum lucidum. C) stratum basale. D) stratum granulosum. E) stratum spinosum. E - ANS Projections of loose connective tissue from the dermis, which extend upward between the adjacent ridges of the epidermis, are called A) epidermal ridges. B) strata. C) reticular layers. D) accessory structures. E) dermal papillae. A - ANS The layer of the epidermis at the exposed surface is the A) stratum corneum. B) stratum lucidum. C) stratum basale. D) stratum granulosum. E) stratum spinosum. B - ANS Thick skin can be found on the A) back. B) palms. C) legs. D) arms. E) chest. D - ANS The skin is also called the ________ membrane. A) serous B) mucous C) synovial D) cutaneous E) peritoneal A - ANS Functions of the skin include A) regulating body temperature. B) synthesizing antibodies. C) producing adipose tissue. D) synthesizing digestive enzymes. E) release of large amounts of hormones. A - ANS Epidermal cells are supplied with nutrients from blood vessels in the A) dermis. B) epidermis. C) hypodermis. D) epidermis and dermis. E) subcutaneous layer. B - ANS Which of the following is the function of the combination of epidermal ridges and dermal papillae? A) increase storage of nutrients in the digestive tract A - ANS Structure A on the skin diagram is the A) epidermis. B) dermis. C) subcutaneous layer. D) cutaneous membrane. E) hypodermis. C - ANS Which layer of the diagram identifies the area where a hypodermic needle would be placed for an injection of a drug? A) A B) B C) C D) N E) K B - ANS Structure B on the skin diagram is the A) epidermis. B) dermis. C) subcutaneous layer. D) cutaneous membrane. E) hypodermis. C - ANS The layer containing adipose tissue is A) A. B) B. C) C. D) O. E) M. E - ANS Structures marked J on the skin diagram are A) sudoriferous glands. B) smooth muscles. C) sebaceous glands. D) immature hair follicles. E) sensory receptors. B - ANS Structure F on the skin diagram is a(n) A) oil gland. B) sweat gland. C) sensory receptor. D) wax gland. E) naked nerve ending. D - ANS Structure L on the skin diagram is the A) blood vessel. B) skeletal muscle. C) ligament. D) arrector pili. E) hair papilla. A - ANS The most mitotically active part of the skin is structure A) A. B) B. C) C. D) D. E) Q. A - ANS The structure composed of stratified squamous epithelium is A) A. B) B. C) C. D) M. E) L. B - ANS The layer marked A is the A) stratum basale. B) stratum corneum. C) stratum lucidum. D) stratum spinosum. E) stratus germinativum. E - ANS The lowest level of cells of the strata, marked E, consists of A) keratin protein. B) collagen fibers. C) dead cells. D) carotene-producing cells. E) mitotically active epithelial cells. A - ANS Where is keratin concentration the highest? A) A B) B C) C D) D E) E C - ANS The part of the skin at the bottom of the picture, seen in a lighter shade of gray, is the A) strata. B) carotene. C) dermis. D) cornified region. E) hypodermis. C - ANS Which layer is the stratum granulosum? D - ANS When a person becomes "pale," what is the physiologic basis? A) The blood supply to the skin increases. B) The number of red melanocytes in the skin increases. C) Melanocytes increase production of red pigments. D) The blood supply to the skin decreases. E) Increased heat causes the skin to turn red. E - ANS What is the function of melanin? A) It provides water-resistant properties to the integument. B) It continuously divides to replace cells that are lost or shed at the epithelial surface. C) It is converted by the kidneys into the hormone calcitriol. D) It is required for the normal maintenance of epithelial cells. E) It protects DNA from the damaging effects of ultraviolet radiation. E - ANS Which of the following conditions is the most common form of skin cancer? A) melanoma B) cyanosis C) squamous cell carcinoma D) albinism E) basal cell carcinoma D - ANS Epidermal cells synthesize this vitamin when exposed to sunlight. A) vitamin D2 B) vitamin C C) vitamin E D) vitamin D3 E) vitamin A B - ANS The most severe type of skin cancer is most likely to develop from A) nonpigmented epithelial cells. B) melanocytes. C) pigmented basal cells. D) nonpigmented dermal cells. E) keratinocytes. C - ANS This layer is composed of a high concentration of collagen fibers. A) stratum corneum B) stratum granulosum C) dermis D) hypodermis E) cornified region D - ANS What is the composition of the papillary layer of the dermis? A) dense, regular connective tissue B) stratified squamous epithelium C) reticular connective tissue D) areolar connective tissue E) dense, irregular connective tissue E - ANS The blood supply to the skin arises from a network of blood vessels called the ________ plexus in the hypodermis, at its border with the reticular layer of the dermis. A) cervical B) mesenteric C) brachial D) celiac E) cutaneous C - ANS The dermis is composed largely of A) adipose. B) fluid connective. C) dense irregular connective. D) muscle. E) neural. B - ANS The ________ layer of the dermis contains bundles of collagen fibers and elastin, and is responsible for the mechanical strength and flexibility of the skin. A) germinative B) reticular C) subcutaneous D) papillary E) corneal A - ANS The reticular layer's collagen fibers directly provide which function? A) prevent damage to the tissue B) nourish the epidermis C) provide flexibility D) provide sensory information E) increase surface area of the dermis C - ANS Nerve fibers in the dermis most likely function in A) defending of local tissues after infection. B) providing nutrients and oxygen to the skin. C) monitoring sensory receptors in the dermis. D) repairing tissue after injury. E) removing carbon dioxide and waste products. E - ANS The highly vascular layer of the skin, which provides thermoregulation via changing blood flow, is the A) epidermis. B) subcutaneous layer. C) stratum basale. D) stratum corneum. E) dermis. A) B. B) C. C) D. D) F. E) G. D - ANS The hair papilla, structure A, consists of A) adipose tissue. B) keratin. C) collagen. D) blood vessels and nerves. E) skeletal muscle. C - ANS There is a connective tissue layer protecting the hair shaft, marked as structure A) A. B) B. C) C. D) E. E) F. B - ANS Which statement is correct? A) Using expensive hair products can enhance the mitotic growth of hair cells within the shaft. B) A hair shaft is made of varying densities and consistencies of keratin. C) All hairs have the same growth cycle until mid-life. D) Carotene is the major pigment that colors hair shafts. E) Any hair loss signifies a medical condition, which should be checked by a doctor. D - ANS You have been severely burned on the right arm in a house fire, but you are now recovering. The second- and third-degree burns have destroyed the epidermis and dermis of your arm. Predict the long-term consequences of this burn. A) death at an early age B) inability to control body temperature C) no skin at all will replace the burned area D) no growth of hair in the damaged skin area E) inability to use the arm in any way E - ANS Shafts of hair are comprised of A) living keratinized dermal cells. B) dead keratinized dermal cells. C) keratinized adipose cells. D) living keratinized epidermal cells. E) dead keratinized epidermal cells. D - ANS The walls of each hair follicle contain all the cell layers found in which of the following? A) hypodermis B) dermis C) subcutaneous layer D) epidermis E) basement membrane E - ANS Hair is formed by the repeated divisions of epithelial stem cells in which structure? A) hair root B) cuticle of the hair C) medulla of the hair D) cortex of the hair E) hair matrix A - ANS When the arrector pili muscles contract, A) "goose bumps" are formed. B) hairs are shed. C) sweat is released from sweat glands. D) shivering occurs. E) the skin changes color. D - ANS The function of the arrector pili is A) diffusion. B) thermoregulation. C) lubrication. D) contraction. E) fat storage E - ANS A hair shaft is composed of A) melanin. B) carotene. C) starch. D) lipid. E) keratin. A - ANS The ________ is associated with the puckering of skin and the pulling of the hair follicle. A) arrector pili B) hypodermis C) dermal papilla D) epidermal ridge E) stratum basale C - ANS The function of the secretion of a sebaceous gland is A) cell lysis. B) thermoregulation. C) lubrication. D) contraction. E) energy. A - ANS Glands that are located in the passageway of the external ear are called ________ glands. E) contains astringent compounds that contract the skin and its sweat gland pores. D - ANS Structure D is a(n) A) endocrine gland. B) sebaceous gland. C) merocrine gland. D) apocrine gland. E) unicellular gland. C - ANS Structure G A) releases milk. B) releases oil. C) releases sweat. D) is a sensory receptor. E) releases mucus. D - ANS The sweat that is metabolized by bacteria on the skin, which leads to the strong odor of sweat, is associated with structure A) D. B) B. C) E. D) G. E) F. E - ANS As an adolescent looking at pimples on your face, you think about what they are. You decide that they are related to ________ on your skin. A) cholesterol B) sweat C) mucus D) carotene E) sebum E - ANS Mammary glands are modified A) sensory receptors. B) wax glands. C) oil glands. D) sebaceous glands. E) sweat glands. C - ANS Which statement is true for merocrine sweat glands? A) They discharge their secretions into the hair follicles. B) They are for hair lubrication. C) They are more numerous than apocrine sweat glands. D) They are important in communication between individuals, related to sexual attraction. E) They make the skin more pliable and soft. B - ANS Elderly people tend to have rougher skin and more brittle hair than younger people. What structure is associated with this problem? A) merocrine glands B) sebaceous glands C) ceruminous glands D) apocrine glands E) eccrine glands C - ANS The pale crescent area of the nail is called the A) nail root. B) nail bed. C) lunula. D) free edge. E) cuticle. B - ANS The nail ________ covers the nail bed. A) root B) body C) lunula D) cuticle E) eponychium D - ANS The fold of stratum corneum over the base of a nail is called the A) body. B) bed. C) root. D) cuticle. E) free edge. A - ANS A burn that destroys only the superficial cells of the epidermis, such as a mild sunburn, is classified as A) first-degree. B) second-degree. C) third-degree. D) fourth-degree. E) full-thickness. A - ANS Which type of burn appears inflamed and feels tender but has no blisters? A) first-degree B) second-degree C) third-degree D) fourth-degree E) full-thickness C - ANS A thickened area of scar tissue that is covered by a shiny, smooth epidermal surface is called a(n) A) granulation tissue.