Anatomy & Physiology Test Bank Chapter 2 Exam | Comprehensive Questions and Answers Latest, Exams of Anatomy

Download Anatomy & Physiology Test Bank Chapter 2 Exam | Comprehensive Questions and Answers Latest and more Exams Anatomy in PDF only on Docsity! Anatomy & Physiology Test Bank Chapter 11 | Comprehensive Questions and Answers Latest Updated 2024/2025 With 100% Verified Solutions 1) The central nervous system (CNS) consists of A) spinal and cranial nerves. B) the brain and spinal cord. C) the brain and cranial nerves. D) nerves in the upper and lower limbs. - B 2) The epidural space in the vertebral column contains A) loose connective tissue, blood vessels, and adipose tissue. B) dense connective tissue and cartilage. C) no tissue, that is why it is a space. D) collagen, elastin, and keratin. - A 3) If a person contracted meningitis (an inflammation of the meninges due to infection), which specific nervous structures would be inflamed and swollen? A) The brain and spinal cord B) The membranes that delineate all of the major brain parts C) The pia mater, arachnoid mater, and dura mater D) Nerve tracts that run up and down the spinal cord - C 4) Cerebrospinal fluid is A) clear and liquid. B) white and thick. C) red. D) yellow in the CNS and clear in the PNS. - A 5) In a subdural hematoma resulting from a blow to the head, blood accumulates between the A) dura mater and skull. B) dura mater and arachnoid mater. C) pia mater and brain. D) arachnoid mater and pia mater. - B 6) An inflammation of the meninges called meningitis usually affects the A) dura mater only. B) dura mater and arachnoid mater. C) arachnoid mater and pia mater. D) pia mater only. - C 7) The ________ is the thin meninx attached to the surface of the brain, containing many nerves and blood vessels. A) dura mater B) arachnoid mater C) pia mater D) subdural mater - C 8) Most cerebrospinal fluid is secreted from the choroid plexuses in the A) lateral ventricles. B) third ventricle. C) fourth ventricle. D) cerebral aqueduct. - A 9) The fourth ventricle is in the A) left cerebral hemisphere. B) brainstem. C) midline of the brain, beneath the corpus callosum. D) right cerebral hemisphere. - B B) Cerebrospinal fluid C) Axons D) Myelin - A 20) The pattern of gray matter in the spinal cord is divided into A) horns. B) funiculi. C) meninges. D) roots of spinal nerves. - A 21) Which of the following are descending tracts in the spinal cord? A) Spinothalamic B) Spinocerebellar C) Fasciculus gracilis D) Rubrospinal - D 22) The corticospinal tracts control A) sweat glands. B) posture. C) voluntary muscle movements. D) spinal reflexes. - C 23) If the right lateral spinothalamic tract is severed, A) muscles on the left side are paralyzed. B) muscles on the right side are paralyzed. C) pain impulses from the left side are blocked. D) pain impulses from the right side are blocked. - C 24) After a particularly bad forearm break, a person loses motor function and feeling in their 4th and 5th phalanges, along with the side of the hand directly above these fingers. Which nerve(s) has/have been damaged? A) The musculocutaneous nerves B) The ulnar nerve C) The axillary nerve D) The obturator nerves - B 25) If the left corticospinal tract is severed in the neck near the first cervical vertebra, A) muscles in the right arm and leg are paralyzed. B) muscles in the left arm and leg are paralyzed. C) pain impulses from the right side are blocked. D) pain impulses from the left side are blocked. - B 26) The spinal cord has A) no nourishment from, nor interaction with CSF. B) a core of white matter surrounded by gray matter. C) a core of gray matter surrounded by white matter. D) spinal nerves that control olfaction. - C 27) All reflexes A) have association neurons. B) have a reflex arc. C) have interneurons. D) occur in the spinal cord. - B 28) The simplest level of CNS function is the A) ability to talk. B) ability to work. C) spinal reflex. D) cerebral reflex. - C 29) Over the course of several months, Morris has experienced difficulty speaking coherently, clumsiness, muscle fasciculations, and increasing weakness in his limbs. These symptoms are most consistent with those of A) Parkinson disease. B) Hodgkin's disease. C) muscular dystrophy. D) amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. - D 30) The blood is injected with a special dye that stains the areas where it passes through. Where in the brain and spinal cord would you expect to see the stain? A) The brain and spinal cord would be stained. B) Any space occupied by the CSF would be stained. C) The space outside of the dura mater (between dura mater and bone) would be stained. D) No stain would be found inside the cranium or vertebral column. - B 31) Smoking exposes the nervous system to nicotine contained in cigarettes. Smokers experience a "buzz" from the nicotine, as it activates nicotinic receptors of ________ neurons. A) muscarinic B) adrenergic C) cholinergic D) multipolar - C 32) The part of the brain that coordinates voluntary muscular movements is the A) cerebrum. B) brainstem. C) cerebellum. D) corpus callosum. - C B) Parietal C) Temporal D) Occipital - A 43) Which of the following is not a part of the diencephalon? A) Thalamus B) Hypothalamus C) Corpus callosum D) Posterior pituitary gland - C 44) A fetus possesses a mutation that causes the forebrain region of the developing brain to cease growing. Which structures in the mature brain will be missing/abnormal if the fetus survives to birth and childhood? A) Midbrain B) Pons C) Cerebellum D) Thalamus - D 45) The ________ separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum. A) lateral sulcus B) central sulcus C) longitudinal fissure D) transverse fissure - D 46) Which of the following is not a function of the hypothalamus? A) Regulation of body temperature B) Control of hunger and thirst C) Production of hormones D) Control of postural reflexes - D 47) Aphasia is loss of the ability to A) speak. B) move the hands. C) walk. D) think. - A 48) Interruption of blood flow to the brain that can damage the cerebrum is called a A) concussion. B) contusion. C) cerebrovascular accident. D) myocardial infarction. - C 49) A person receives blunt-force trauma to the back of the head. They report a major loss in vision. Which lobe of the brain has most likely been damaged? A) The temporal lobe B) The occipital lobe C) The parietal lobe D) The frontal lobe - B 50) Injury to the visual cortex of the right occipital lobe can cause A) partial blindness in the right eye only. B) total blindness in the left eye only. C) partial blindness in both eyes. D) total blindness in both eyes. - C 51) If the general interpretative area of the dominant hemisphere is damaged in a child, the A) corresponding region on the opposite side of the brain may take over the interpretative functions. B) child will fail to learn language. C) child will do very poorly in math. D) child will have difficulty concentrating. - A 52) A corpus callosotomy is a procedure in which the corpus callosum is cut to decrease the severity of certain types of seizures. After the procedure, some patients have extreme difficulty performing actions related to the non-dominant hemisphere, like using their non-dominant hand. What might be the basis for this side effect? A) The corpus callosum contains neurons that cross from one hemisphere to the other. Cutting the structure prevents the dominant hemisphere from controlling motor function in the non- dominant hemisphere. B) The corpus callosum handles some somatic motor neurons. Cutting the structure will stop motor function signals from one hemisphere. C) The corpus callosum separates the two hemispheres. Cutting the structure allows the dominant hemisphere to interfere with the motor control within the non-dominant hemisphere. D) The corpus callosum is the seat of control for fine motor function and positi - A 53) Brain waves are recordings of activity in the A) medulla oblongata. B) cerebellum. C) cerebral cortex. D) brainstem. - C 54) Which of the following terms and definitions is correct? A) Cerebral cortex—a thin layer of gray matter forming the outermost part of the cerebrum B) Hemisphere dominance—the largest cerebral hemisphere with the thickest cerebral cortex C) Limbic system—interconnected brain structures that activate skeletal muscle D) Cerebral cortex—a thick layer of white matter forming the innermost part of the cerebrum - A 55) The consequence of sensory nerve fibers crossing over is that the A) brain cannot tell from which side of the body a sensory impulse originated. B) right hemisphere of the cerebrum receives sensory impulses originating on the left side of the body and vice versa. 65) The intestines are innervated by both the sympathetic and the parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system. During a meal, the ________ division activates digestion and slows heart rate. During exercise, the ________ division slows digestion and increases heart rate. A) parasympathetic; sympathetic B) sympathetic; parasympathetic C) parasympathetic; parasympathetic D) sympathetic; sympathetic - A 66) Bob witnesses an auto accident and impulses from the ________ division of the autonomic nervous system increase his heart rate. A) spinal B) parasympathetic C) sympathetic D) cranial - C 67) The drug atropine influences the autonomic nervous system by A) stimulating the release of norepinephrine. B) blocking the action of norepinephrine. C) stimulating the release of acetylcholine. D) blocking the action of acetylcholine. - D 68) Aging of the brain begins A) before birth. B) at birth. C) at age 30. D) after age 50. - A 69) Over a lifetime, the brain shrinks by about ________ percent. A) 1 B) 5 C) 10 D) 40 - C 70) A lumbar puncture is A) an infection of the cerebrospinal fluid. B) a blockage in peripheral nerve transmission. C) a test of the pressure that the cerebrospinal fluid is under. D) a procedure to correct a spinal cord injury. - C 71) In spastic paralysis A) muscle tone increases and the muscles atrophy. B) muscle tone increases and the muscles do not atrophy. C) muscle tone decreases and the muscles atrophy. D) muscle tone decreases and the muscles do not atrophy. - B 72) A traumatic brain injury (TBI) results from A) an open head wound. B) mechanical force. C) an infection. D) poisoning. - B 73) The part of the brain that is overactive in post-traumatic stress disorder is the A) amygdala. B) brainstem. C) hippocampus. D) thalamus. - A 74) Melinda has Parkinson disease. Her movements are slowing and she has difficulty initiating voluntary muscular actions. The region that is affected in her brain is the A) frontal lobe. B) parietal lobe. C) basal ganglia. D) amygdala. - C 75) Brain waves during sleep are ________ waves. A) alpha B) beta C) theta D) delta - D 76) The brain waves most closely associated with mental activity are A) alpha waves. B) beta waves. C) theta waves. D) delta waves. - B 77) Spinal nerve injury may result from A) fracture of vertebrae, dislocations, or birth injuries. B) too little dopamine in the basal ganglia. C) excess acetylcholine in synapses. D) a drug overdose. - A