Anatomy and Physiology Test Bank Exam, Exams of Anatomy

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UNDERSTANDING ANATOMY AND

PHYSIOLOGY TEST BANK EXAM / RATED A+

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Anatomy - ANSWER Structure of the body Physiology - ANSWER the study of how the body and its parts work or function Pathophysiology - ANSWER Disease Functioning integumentary system - ANSWER skin, hair, nails. key functions: Protection, temperature regulation, water retention, sensation. Skeletal System - ANSWER bones, cartilage, ligaments. key functions: protection of body organs, support movement, & blood formation. Muscular System - ANSWER Skeletal muscles. key functions: movement, posture, heat production. lymphatic system - ANSWER Lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, lymph, thymus, spleen, & tonsils. key functions: fluid balance, production of immune cells, defense against disease. Respiratory system - ANSWER Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs.

key functions: absorb oxygen, discharge carbon dioxide, acid base balance, & speech. Urinary system - ANSWER kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra. key functions: excretion of wastes, regulate blood volume/pressure, controls fluid, electrolytes, & acid- base balance. nervous system - ANSWER Brain, spinal cord, nerves, & sense organs. key functions: control, regulation, coordination, sensation, & memory. endocrine system - ANSWER Pituitary gland, adrenals, pancreas, thyroid, parathyroid, & other organs. key functions: hormone production, control & regulation of other systems. circulatory system - ANSWER heart, arteries, veins, capillaries key functions: distribution of oxygen, nutrients, wastes hormones, electrolytes, immune cells, & antibodies. Fluid, electrolyte/ acid base-balance. digestive system - ANSWER Stomach, small/large intestines, esophagus, liver, mouth, & pancreas. key functions: breakdown & absorbs nutrients. Eliminates waste. male reproductive system - ANSWER testes, vas deferens, penis, seminal vesicles, prostate. key functions: protection and delivery of sperm, & secretion of hormones. female reproductive system - ANSWER Ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, breast. key functions: production of eggs, fertilization site, fetal development, birth, lactation, sex hormones. Midline - ANSWER middle of the body Medial - ANSWER Toward the midline of the body

Lateral - ANSWER away from the midline Distal - ANSWER Farthest from the point of origin; down Proximal - ANSWER Closer to the point of origin; Up Anterior (ventral) - ANSWER front of the body Posterior (dorsal) - ANSWER back of body Superficial - ANSWER On the surface Deep - ANSWER away from the surface Superior - ANSWER Above upwards Inferior - ANSWER Below downwards sagittal plane - ANSWER Divides into both right and left sides transverse plane - ANSWER Divides into upper (superior) & lower (inferior) parts Frontal plane - ANSWER divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions Homeostasis - ANSWER To maintain a relatively constant internal environment Know the four abdominal quadrants - ANSWER 1. right upper quadrant

2. right lower quadrant
3. Left upper quadrant

4. left lower quadrant organ - ANSWER structures of two or more tissue types that work together to carry out a particular function what is energy? - ANSWER the capacity to do work potential energy - ANSWER is stored in the bonds of molecules. kinetic energy - ANSWER energy in motion what is pH? - ANSWER the power of hydrogen what is the pH scale range? - ANSWER 0- 14 acidic - ANSWER a solution with a pH less than 7 Neutral - ANSWER a solution with a pH of 7 basic(alkaline) - ANSWER solution with a pH greater than 7 orgainc - ANSWER used to describe the array of compounds containing carbon. carbohydrates - ANSWER Body's main source of energy glycogen - ANSWER stored form of glucose glucose - ANSWER primary source of energy used by most of the body's cells

lipids - ANSWER aka fats proteins - ANSWER most organic compounds in the body amino acids - ANSWER proteins are very large molecules that consists of smaller chemical subunits. peptide bonds - ANSWER amino acids link to each other nucleic acids (2 types) - ANSWER DNA and RNA What is ATP? - ANSWER energy epithelial tissue - ANSWER Covers or lines the body surface connective tissue - ANSWER Connects and supports parts of the body anatomical position - ANSWER Standing erect, arms at the sides, with face, palms, and feet facing forward. What does the epigastric and umbilical region share. - ANSWER The pancreas What is contained in the left lumbar region? - ANSWER The left kidney What is found in the hypogastric region - ANSWER The bladder What is found in the left hypochondriac region - ANSWER The liver (tip) What is found in the right hypochondriac region - ANSWER The gallbladder

What is found in the right iliac region - ANSWER cecum & appendix Inorganic Molecules include what? - ANSWER Carbon Dioxide Oxygen Water