Anatomy - Stott Pilates Exam Preparation Questions and Answers, Exams of Nursing

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Anatomy - Stott Pilates Exam Preparation Questions and

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Which muscles oppose each other on the anteroposterior sides of the foot? - Correct Answer Anterior: Dorsiflexors Posterior: Plantar Flexors Which muscles oppose each other on the later and rotary sides of the foot? - Correct Answer Lateral: Tibias Perineal What is the function of Tibias anterior? - Correct Answer dorsiflexion and inverting the foot. What is the function of the peroneus muscles? - Correct Answer Primarily responsible for eversion of the foot. Peroneus longus and braves plantar flex the foot, while the peroneus tortious dorsiflexed it. What are the opposing anteroposterior muscles of the knee? - Correct Answer the hamstrings, gastrocnemius and the popliteal oppose the hamstrings. The transverse plane divides the body into _________ and _______ segments. - Correct Answer Superior and inferior segments of the body The Frontal plane divides the body into ____________ and ___________ segments. - Correct Answer Anterior and posterior (front/back) segments. The sagittal plane divides the body into ________ and ________ segments - Correct Answer Left and right segments Medial is a directional term for: - Correct Answer closest to the midline of the body. Lateral is a directional term for: - Correct Answer Away from the midline of the body Proximal/central means ________ to the trunk or midline of the body. - Correct Answer closer Distal/peripheral means ________ from the trunk or midline of the body. - Correct Answer away Superior is a directional term for: - Correct Answer above or towards the head

Inferior is a directional term for: - Correct Answer below or away from the head Anterior refers to - Correct Answer front of the body Posterior refers to - Correct Answer back of the body Superficial refers to - Correct Answer towards the surface of the skin / outer most layer Deep refers to - Correct Answer inside the body (internal) Spinal flexion moves the __________ surfaces of the body ___________ each other. - Correct Answer anterior surfaces of the body towards each other. Spinal extension moves the __________ surfaces of the body ___________ each other. - Correct Answer anterior surfaces of the body away from each other. Lateral spinal flexion moves the spine in which direction? - Correct Answer Side to side Rotational movements happen around which central point? - Correct Answer The axis of the spine. List the 4 actions of the neck (cervical spine) - Correct Answer Flexion Extension Lateral flexion Rotation Describe the action of shoulder flexion and extension. - Correct Answer Arm reaches up overhead (vertical flexion) Arm reaches back behind the body (vertical extension) Describe the actions of shoulder abduction and adduction. - Correct Answer Arm moves away from the midline (abduction) Arm moves towards the midline (adduction) Can also do horizontally as in when client is supine. Describe the actions of internal rotation and external rotation of the shoulder. - Correct Answer Internal rotation - palm moves toward the body. External rotation - palm moves away from the body. Describe the actions of protraction and retraction of the scapula. - Correct Answer protraction - scapular borders moves away from the midline (the spine) Retraction - scapular boarders moves toward the midline (the spine)

Faulty posture (kyphosis) Name the rotator cuff muscles (SITS) - Correct Answer S.I.T.S. Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Trees minor, Subscapular is Describe the 2 actions of the forearm: - Correct Answer Supination - palm facing up Pronation - palm facing down Describe the two actions of the elbow joint: - Correct Answer Flexion - palm moves proximally (towards shoulder) Extension - palm moves distally What are the anteroposterior muscles of the hip? - Correct Answer Anterior: Iliopsoas, rectus femora’s, tensor fasciae late, Sartorius Posterior: Gluts and hamstrings Describe the 6 actions of the hip joint - Correct Answer Abduction - leg moves away from midline Adduction - leg moves toward midline Flexion - femur moves proximally Extension - femur moves distally Internal rotation - Femur spirals in socket toward midline External rotation - femur spirals in socket away from midline What muscles are responsible/involved in hip flexion? (7 primary) - Correct Answer Psoas Major* Iliac us* Rectus femora’s Sartorius Tensor Fascia late Gluteus Medias (anterior fibers) Gluteus minimums *iliopsoas group What muscles are responsible/involved in hip extension? (2 primary) - Correct Answer Gluteus Maximus Hamstrings (biceps femora’s (lateral) semimembranosus (medial) and semitendinosus (medial).

What muscles are responsible/involved in hip abduction? (3) - Correct Answer Gluteus Medias Gluteus minimums Tensor fascia late What muscles are responsible/involved in hip Adduction? - Correct Answer The adductor group: Adductor braves Adductor longus Adductor Magnus Adductor minimums Graceless Pectin us What muscles are responsible for hip internal rotation? - Correct Answer Tensor fasciae late (outer hip) Parts of the gluteus Medias and the gluteus minimums The adductor longus, braves, and Magnus (inner thigh) The pectin us (upper frontal thigh) What muscles are responsible for hip external rotation? - Correct Answer Lateral rotator group Pisiforms Gluteus Maximus (lower fibers) Gluteus Medias and minimums Describe the two actions of the ankle - Correct Answer Dorsiflexion - toes towards the nose Plantar flexion - toes away from nose (pointed) What is the rotator cuff? - Correct Answer a group of muscles and tendons that surround the shoulder joint, keeping the head of your upper arm bone firmly within the shallow socket of the shoulder. Help stabilize the shoulder What posterior muscles of the trunk exert an upward posterior pull on the pelvis? - Correct Answer Erector spine, Quadrates lumbered (Attaches to the posterior superior part of the pelvis) What anterior muscles of the trunk exert an upward anterior pull on the pelvis? - Correct Answer Rectus abdomens, external obliques (RA attaches to syphilis pubis, EO attaches to ASIS)