ANSC 1001 Exam Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Updated 2024, Exams of Advanced Education

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ANSC 1001 Exam Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Updated 2024 The purpose of the International Animal Care and Use Committee at UConn is to - Correct Answer-Review and approve of activities using live animals Which of the choices below is a zoonotic disease a. anemia- nutritional disease b. cystic fibrosis-genetic disease c. mastitis-bacterial infection cow-->cow d. rabies- dog --> human e. tetanus- bacterial infection environment --> sheep - Correct Answer-d. rabies What characteristics indicate a high quality egg? - Correct Answer-high, firm yolk Which of the following types of restraint could be utilized to trim sheep hooves? - Correct Answer-physical restraint pg. 1 professoraxe l Which of the following animal restraint plans would not meet the required four factors? - Correct Answer-an animal is briefly left alone, while waking up following surgery Who complete meat inspection in the US? - Correct Answer- USDA inspector Which of the following does federal law require? - Correct Answer-meat inspection What could grade the highest quality grade and lowest yield grade? - Correct Answer-a maturity steer carcass Which of the following is true about ideal protein? - Correct Answer-contains the correct ratio of amino acids How does USDA define free range poultry? - Correct Answer- have access to an outdoor area removing plant material and mature from a sheep fleece is called - Correct Answer-skirting pg. 2 professoraxe l How do clean clippers and why it is worth while? - Correct Answer-1. dip the tip of clippers in clipper wash-Run 10 to 15 seconds 2. Dry with towel 3. brush with the toothbrush 4. oil on 3 sides of clippers 5. Turn on and rotate How has the trend in milk production changed over the years? Why? - Correct Answer-it has increased -the cows performance and production has increased How has the number of diary farms changed over the years? Why? - Correct Answer-decreased -many of the small farms are going out of business because it is expensive and hard to compete with the big farms Cow (bovine) reproductive tract - Correct Answer-Know... 1. ovary (where the growing follicle is) 2. uterine horns (caruncle) 3. oviduct (fertilization here) pg. 5 professoraxe l 4. cervix 5. vagina Which of the following is NOT an endocrine gland? a. adipose tissue b. hypothalamus c. liver d. pituitary gland e. salivary gland - Correct Answer-e. salivary gland What is the definition of a genetically Genetically Engineered organism? - Correct Answer-bacteria able to produce insulin after insertion of this human gene How are pig breed determined? - Correct Answer-skin color and ear orientation hyperplasia - Correct Answer-an increase in cell number What is the physical expression of an animal's DNA - Correct Answer-phenotype pg. 6 professoraxe l Height in humans is an example of - Correct Answer-a quantitive trait Which part of the horses digestive tract is enlarged in order to process forages? - Correct Answer-cecum The energy for maintenance is used to - Correct Answer-move the diaphragm for breathing What nutrient is required in the highest amount? - Correct Answer-water What could be done to improve a lowly heritable trait? - Correct Answer-make improvements in an animals environment Farrow-to-finish operations - Correct Answer-have gestating and lactating sows, piglets and growing pics Terminal sires are selected to improve - Correct Answer-back fat thickness pg. 7 professoraxe l prehension - Correct Answer-grasping of food mastication - Correct Answer-chewing deglutition - Correct Answer-swallowing digestions of protein - Correct Answer-stomach One example of forage - Correct Answer-hay, silage Concentrate high in protein - Correct Answer-soybean meal Concentration high in starch/sugar - Correct Answer-corn, wheat rumen buffer - Correct Answer-sodium bicarbonate What does TMR stand for? - Correct Answer-total mixed ration pg. 10 professoraxe l What is total mixed ratio? - Correct Answer-balanced ratio of forage and wet grains that are fed to cows The parts of the digestive tract - Correct Answer-1. mouth- saliva, amylase, chewing 2. esophagus-connect to stomach 3. stomach- HCl and pepsin 4. small intestine- digestion and absorption 5. cecum- fermentation 6. large intestine- fermentation and water absorption Differences between lamb, pig and dairy calf raising - Correct Answer-Lambs -jug -tail docked Piglets -lactation pens -ear notched -tail clipped -needle teeth clipped pg. 11 professoraxe l -Fe shot Dairy Cows -hutch -dehorned -bottle fed Two advantages and disadvantages of Genetically Engineered organisms in agriculture - Correct Answer-Adv. -produce more food -reduce pesticides Disadv. -public perception -corporate greed -environmental harm Beef breeds - Correct Answer-angus beefmaster brahman pg. 12 professoraxe l hereford beef - Correct Answer-red body with white face and horned Limousin beef - Correct Answer-golden color or black with lots of muscling polled or horned from France longhorn beef - Correct Answer-multicolored with long horns polled hereford - Correct Answer-red body with face and polled salers - Correct Answer-mahogany red or black color santa gertrudis - Correct Answer-red color and horned shorthorned beef - Correct Answer-red, white or roan color polled or horned pg. 15 professoraxe l simmental - Correct Answer-yellow, red and white red or black patterned belted galloway - Correct Answer-not many brought to the united states Why are there so many different types of cattle breeds? - Correct Answer-breeds were developed from all over the world because of different environments and resources The areas in the beef cattle industry - Correct Answer-cow-calf operations: cows raised for breeding -calves are born and weaned stocker-yearling production -intermediate stage after weaning when they are fed forage and grain to increase weight -cattle purchase/sale price -growth rate -feed cost pg. 16 professoraxe l feedlots -commercial -where animals are kept prior to slaughter Economically important traits - Correct Answer-reproduction weaning weight postweaning growth feed efficiency carcass merit longevity conformation lack of genetic defects Describe environmental considerations of a feedlot - Correct Answer-dust odor flies water quality/waste management Why do nutrients vary in horses? - Correct Answer-Depends on... pg. 17 professoraxe l -make changes in feed gradually -hay before grain Body condition scoring for horses - Correct Answer-can use a weight tape or body scale Score 1-9 -1 is extremely thin -9 is extremely fat -deal is 5-6 How do animals adapt to their environment? - Correct Answer--heat gain or loss 4 Ways that animals gain or lose heat - Correct Answer- conduction convection evaporation radiation from: solar radiation, wind, humidity, precipitation pg. 20 professoraxe l Define thermoneutral zone - Correct Answer-The normal range of temperatures at which animals maintain their body temperatures without expending energy to increase heat production or heat loss Define upper and lower critical temperature - Correct Answer- the highest and lowest temperatures that can be tolerated by the body How can animals be managed to migrate cold - Correct Answer--increase hair coat -move location -shivering herding together What we do: provide shelter blankets increase calories water heat lamps pg. 21 professoraxe l bedding How do animals manage heat stress - Correct Answer--panting -sweating -moving location -changing blood flow -shedding What we do: access to water shelter fans misters wallowing or access to mud sheep shearing/clipping cow brushes--> shedding What is aquaculture? - Correct Answer-The breeding, rearing, and harvesting of animals and plants in all types of water environments -Globally supplies more than 50% pg. 22 professoraxe l -Results in a greater total production and improved ecosystem health marine aquaculture - Correct Answer--Cultivation of marine organisms in seawater -Sheltered coastal or offshore waters -Raising organism in or on artificial enclosures -Species including -Oysters, clams, mussels, shrimp, seaweed -Fish: salmon, black sea bass seaweed aquaculture - Correct Answer--microalgae/macroalgae -Many commercial and industrial uses -Not easily cultivated fish aquaculture - Correct Answer--Raised in tanks, fish ponds, ocean enclosures -Fish hatchery -Facility that releases pg. 25 professoraxe l juvenile fish into wild -Most important species: Carp, salmon, tilapia, catfish Crustacean aquaculture - Correct Answer-shrimp mollusks aquaculture - Correct Answer--Oysters, mussels, clams -Grown on beach, linglines or suspended from rafts Issues with aquaculture - Correct Answer-Predators Waste (salmon farms produce a lot of fecal waste) Overpopulation Side effects of antibiotics Competition between farmed and wild animals Potential introduction of invasive plant/animal species Benefits of aquaculture - Correct Answer-Shellfish -Increases filter feeding capacity -Improve water quality pg. 26 professoraxe l -Single oyster can filter 15 gallons of H2O -Removes microscopic algae -Removing nitrogen Animal welfare with aquaculture - Correct Answer- Controversy over if marine invertebrates have the perception and awareness to experience suffering -stocking density (carrying capacity -behavioral interaction (swimming patterns and other behaviors) -disease/parasitism How to improve animal welfare in aquaculture? - Correct Answer-Reduce stress Stocking density Clean environment Disease prevention -can be done by putting vaccines into algae -chemical treatments into pg. 27 professoraxe l -Liver health -Stomach health Eubiosis - Correct Answer--Good coexistence -Host and microflora live with mutual benefits -Finely regulated equilibrium Effectors: Feeding errors, substantial dietary changes, low- quality feed components and inadequate feed hygiene Dysbiosis - Correct Answer--Imbalance of flora -Stress can change the balance of microorganisms -What you eat is what you feed your microbiome -Diet -Exercise -Antibiotics Ruminant acidosis - Correct Answer--Feeding of high amounts of rapidly fermentable carbs -Dairy cows/ finishing beef cattle pg. 30 professoraxe l -Changes microbial population in the rumen -Lactic acid accumulation -This can lead to death Animal stresses that can lead to dysbiosis - Correct Answer- noise, isolation, barking dogs, heat, cold, lack of food, overcrowding, confinement Applications of probiotics - Correct Answer--Young animals are given probiotics -Weaning period changes the diet and causes a lot of stress -Change in feed -Therapeutics What is the difference between infection and noninfectious? - Correct Answer-noninfectious -cannot be transmitted infectious -can be transmitted but not all infectious diseases are contagious pg. 31 professoraxe l -contagious diseases are easy to pass from one another Native immunity - Correct Answer-born with native immunity -skin, micro biome, stomach acids acquired immunity - Correct Answer-changes throughout life -B cells:secrete antibodies/ target antigens (antigen is part of pathogen) -T cells: attack infected cells or pathogens Where are white blood cells made? - Correct Answer-Bone marrow, spleen, lymph nodes (they become enlarged when they are producing large amounts of white blood cells) Passive immunity - Correct Answer-antibodies are given -colostrum: premade antibodies from the mother -Cattle, horses, pigs, sheep -primates and rats can pass antibodies across the membrane into the fetus (they don't need colostrum) pg. 32 professoraxe l Production efficiency Fertility Hatchability Desirable characteristics for broiler chickens - Correct Answer- White feathers/picking quality Egg production Fertility Hatchability Growth rate Carcass quality Broiler production cycle - Correct Answer-1. fertile eggs 2. incubators 3. chicks 4. broilers (meat or hatchers) Layers production cycle - Correct Answer-1. hatchery supplies layers 2. production of fertile eggs 3. eggs set into incubators pg. 35 professoraxe l 4. eggs hatch 5. hatchery pullets or table egg pullets How and why has broiler production changed over the past 50 yrs - Correct Answer--size has increased -mortality rate has decreased -age to reach slaughter weight has decreased -Feed conversion has decreased important aspects of the incubation and hatch period in chickens - Correct Answer-forced air incubators -Temp (100 F), humidity (85-87), egg turning, air exchange -** the air sac is on the thick end and it must be facing the air** Regarding chick and laying hen management, which factors are important to consider? Why? - Correct Answer-Chick management Temperature Bedding Waterers pg. 36 professoraxe l Feed Vaccinations Hen Management -large room can be more dangerous because of pecking orders -Some farms trim beaks to prevent damage -Hen density -Lighting -Ventilation -Temperature -Their body temperature is 106.5 -Humidity -Dust -Bedding -Hen welfare Discuss the current laying help housing debate. - Correct Answer-Some people believe that they should not be locked up into small cages -this can be an issue because of the pecking order pg. 37 professoraxe l How does the behavior help the animal survive? - Correct Answer-Why do dogs circle before they sit down? -check the environment ethology - Correct Answer-study of animal behavior Ethogram - Correct Answer-catalog of behavior patterns sexual behavior - Correct Answer-Observations allows implementations in breeding program Ex. female cows will only let others mount them when they are in estrous Ex. horses have the flehmen response when they sense that another animal is in heat caregiving behavior - Correct Answer-Sire (father) or dam (mother) Ex. cows lick newborn calves, to stimulate the baby pg. 40 professoraxe l care soliciting behavior - Correct Answer-Young cry for help agonistic behavior - Correct Answer-Aggressive vs. passive Interaction with other animals Interaction with humans Handling and restraint Reduce stress If we understand behavior, we can help manage it ex. Temple Grandin- studying the perspective of the cows being slaughtered ingestive behavior - Correct Answer-Ruminants eat, swallow, and chew later eliminative behavior - Correct Answer-Feces or urine -Can be affected by health, or communication shelter seeking behavior - Correct Answer-animal species tend to seek shelter, but vary in degree pg. 41 professoraxe l investigative behavior - Correct Answer-Curious and explore Allelomimetic behavior - Correct Answer-Same species → same activity → same time Ex. birds all fly in a flock together Ex. animals graze together Two types of conditioning - Correct Answer-classical -dog with the bell operant -using punishment or reinforcer Expected progeny differences (EPDs) - Correct Answer-provide estimates of the genetic value of an animal as a parent. How are weaning weights improved? - Correct Answer-- deworming a few months before so that they can gain more weight pg. 42 professoraxe l