Anthropology 102 exam 3 questions with answers, Exams of Nursing

Download Anthropology 102 exam 3 questions with answers and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! Anthropology 102 exam 3 As presented in lecture, Jaime Turon would serve monkey heads in front of local community meetings to - correct answer ✔✔Demonstrate cultural authenticity Two opposing view of indigenous people dominant western perspective. The noble savage or the uncivilized savage. The noble savage has formed around the idea that - correct answer ✔✔The indigenous have a lifestyle is in a ways superior to that in industrial society. According to shostak, what fundamental subsistence change is taking place among the kung? - correct answer ✔✔They are establishing permanent villages As depicted in the film about the kung , how has food security changed since colonial government arrived? - correct answer ✔✔Hunger is prevalent and are reliant on government handouts. Which of the following is an example of how kung are adapting to more settled ways of life and resisting the imposition of outsiders as described in shostak - correct answer ✔✔They dig wells to enhance their land claims According to lecture, one result of the increased interaction between the kung and other human settlements has been the notion that the kung culture is - correct answer ✔✔A commodity to be sold. ( The trance dance) Inequality and stratification Two views on humans - correct answer ✔✔-We are born unequal (ideology of inequality) - We are born equal (ideology of equality) Social Mobility - correct answer ✔✔Movement of individuals, families, or groups through a system of social hierarchy or stratification Among hunter/gatherers and horticulturalists, are people equal? - correct answer ✔✔We label them egalitarian but difference sexist. Determined by age and gender. Differences - correct answer ✔✔Mediated by the narrow scope for some person to become "richer" than others The Dilemma - correct answer ✔✔When humans are assumed to have different levels of capacity, there is the temptation build natural difference into inequality. Significant inequality and social stratification emerged with the development or agriculture. Why? - correct answer ✔✔Surplus allows inequalities to emerge. - Within the farming household who tend to be more permanently unequal? - correct answer ✔✔WOMEN Double value of Woman:Reproducers of people and of food, goods, services. Three basic Forms of Inequality - correct answer ✔✔Cate, Class, Racism Caste - correct answer ✔✔"Ideology of Inequality" - Ascribed status (your estate is ascribed by the system) -Endogamous - Based on spiritual danger and pollution. Karma - Determines occupation - No social Mobility - Theres no way to move between ___ caste - correct answer ✔✔If you have a certain amount of karma and you say that the caste system is not true and live life without worrying about it and marry someone who is lower , when you are reincarnated into the next life you will be in a lower cast. Relative poverty - correct answer ✔✔society in which an individual lives and which therefore differs between countries and over time. An income-related example would be living on less than X% of average UK income. Natural predicament - correct answer ✔✔Poor will always be with is because of "natural" causes. Lack of economic/technological advancement - correct answer ✔✔Technology will save poor. - some argue that we just need technology to save the poor - Political Inequality - correct answer ✔✔Power relations cause poverty Natural Predicament Example - correct answer ✔✔-Many argued that drought was the problem. It;s a natural disaster. They couldn't grow their crops anymore - outsiders view: why don't they just leave? - But in the capital of Ethipia had surpluses of grain while people in the countryside starved. - europe had a bumper harvest of grain. -Both ethiopian government and international communities big mistakes. -" natural" disasters tend to have social causes. Poverty - correct answer ✔✔When famine occurs poorer groups are more vulnerable. Famine may have ecological causes, but starvation has political/ social causes Hartmann and Boyce argue that rural poverty in Bangladesh is attributed to a very high population density. - correct answer ✔✔false In lecture we discussed whether doctors deserve to get paid more than other professions.The idea that they should based on the merit of their work is exemplary of - correct answer ✔✔The function model of inequality As demonstrated in the examples from lecture and the readings starvation in ethiopia and poverty in Bangladesh are not just instances of misfortune but can largely be attributed with - correct answer ✔✔Social causes What policies do Hartman and Boyce suggest might break " the fundamental barriers to increased production in Bangladesh - correct answer ✔✔Landreform Zamindars - correct answer ✔✔A landowner, especially one who leases his land to tenant farmers. he owners of the modes of production Anthropologists Dilemma - correct answer ✔✔Fieldwork results in a strong attachment to the people anthropologists work with. Typically anthropological subjects are people in small-scale usually "poor" societies, uncomfortably attached to larger more powerful societies - should they get involved - whose side should we be on - should they be mediators, activists or advocates - What happens to their scientific objectivity? Paternalism - correct answer ✔✔What poor people themselves want. What poor people find unacceptable. Based on this exercise and the discussion in class, what are some of the biggest obstacle in development work? - correct answer ✔✔The assumption that western development workers know what those being developed actually need and want . - A way to know is to make surveys -we think we know more In Harman and Boyce chapter on food aid in Bangladesh, they discussed how food aid from the US is distributes. Why is it that food aid fails to make it to the poor. - correct answer ✔✔Food aid ends up being bought primarily by urban middle class Bangladesh Complexity of even a small project: - correct answer ✔✔-Everyone benefited but some more than others. -People further from the road left out of project. -Generally poorest and most marginalized were further from road. - Its supposed to make more dependency and sometimes it doesn't. - conflicts ensue -competition - How do we define development? what is a developed society? how does a country become developed - correct answer ✔✔Typically development is measured by: Gross Natural Product Two problems raised by "development" ? - correct answer ✔✔Economic Efficiency Social and Economic Equality - Maximizing benefits or insuring equitable redistribution Environmental Anthropology - correct answer ✔✔-Sub Discipline of Cultural anthropology -Blends natural sciences with social sciences -Addresses past and present human environment interaction. -Has various approaches * Political Ecology, Historical Ecology * Environmental History, Human Ecology Global warming - correct answer ✔✔theres solid evidence of this Based On the example of the water system development project in the Dominican republic what Dilemma lies at the heart of development projects - correct answer ✔✔Wheter to maximize overall benefits or ensure equitable distribution of benefits According to Peoples and Bailey an anthropologist working on an agricultural development project might suggest which of the following as a viable project option - correct answer ✔✔Build and improve existing farming techniques