AP Psychology Midterm Review, Exams of Nursing

Download AP Psychology Midterm Review and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! Midterm Review AP Psych questions & answers graded A+ What describes long term potentiation? - correct answer ✔✔Memories are formed in the brain when a synapse changes to allow for more efficient transfer of information What does the endocrine system rely on to communicate? - correct answer ✔✔hormones The peripheral nervous system _________________ - correct answer ✔✔is the part of the nervous system that does not include the brain and spinal cord The cells most important for processing information are ___________ - correct answer ✔✔interneurons When Henrich Kluver and neurosurgeon Paul Buey surgically lesioned the amygdala of a rhesus monkey's brain, the monkey - correct answer ✔✔became less aggressive An individual experiences brain damage that produces a coma. Which part of the brain was probably damaged? - correct answer ✔✔reticular formation The support cells that provide nourishment and help the brain in numerous other ways are called ___________ - correct answer ✔✔glial cells Drugs that amplify neurotransmitter activity are called __________ - correct answer ✔✔agonists A Correlational Coefficient of -1 means? - correct answer ✔✔there is a very strong inverse relationship Which p-value has the strongest statistical significance? a) .99 b) .05 c) .01 d) 100% e) 50% - correct answer ✔✔c) .01 The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles, also called the skeletal nervous system - correct answer ✔✔somatic nervous system Which neurotransmitter is the most explicitly associated with the experience of pleasure? - correct answer ✔✔Dopamine Narcotics work because they are chemically very similar to _________ - correct answer ✔✔endorphins An individual with brain lesions in the hippocampus will most likely experience impairment to her ______________ - correct answer ✔✔learning A person who sustains major injuries in the medulla oblong will _________ - correct answer ✔✔die In an emergency, the adrenal gland of the body secrete "emergency" hormones, while the body prepares for fight-or-flight, directed by ______________ - correct answer ✔✔the sympathetic nervous system During periods of darkness, the pineal gland in the middle brain produces what hormone that is essential to sleep regulation? - correct answer ✔✔melatonin What chemical would most likely be found in a synapse? a) norepinephrine b) insulin c) estrogen d) glucagon - correct answer ✔✔a) norepinephrine (bc this is a neurotransmitter the rest are hormones in glands) Dr.Andrew is a counseling psychologist, and Dr.Floyd is a clinical psychologist. The main difference between them is Dr.Floyd ___________ - correct answer ✔✔is trained to work with more disturbed people The concept of tabula rasa, or "blank slate (the idea that human beings come into the world knowing nothing, and thereafter acquire all of their knowledge through experience), is most closely associated with who? - correct answer ✔✔John Locke The concept of dualism refers to the division of all things in the world into ___________ - correct answer ✔✔body (or matter) and spirit The humanistic approach to psychology emphasizes the importance of _____________ - correct answer ✔✔free will, conscious awareness, personal growth Psychologists who emphasize the importance of represses memories, the unconscious, and childhood experiences subscribe to which of the following perspectives? a) Cognitive b) Behavioral c) Psychodynamic d) Social Cultural - correct answer ✔✔c) Psychodynamic Perception refers to the process by which _______________ - correct answer ✔✔the brain organizes and interprets sensations After a big Thanksgiving dinner with turkey and all. Karina becomes violently ill. In the weeks that follow, Karmina feels an unexplainable aversion to chicken (one of her fav dishes). Karina's feelings about chicken reflect ___________ - correct answer ✔✔generalization The driver of a car that has pulled up next to you at a red light turns up the volume on her radio. The increase in perceived sound that you experience is primarily due to _____________ - correct answer ✔✔more neurons firing more frequently Herman Ebbinghaus is considered a pioneer in memory research because he established the importance of __________ - correct answer ✔✔rehearsal Curtis stares at an image of a yellow star for a full minute. When he moves his gaze to a blank piece of white paper, he is likely to see an afterimage that is the color ________ - correct answer ✔✔blue While swimming in the ocean, Ivan is frightened by a dark shadow in the water even before he can identify what it is. The synaptic connections taking place during this action are what? - correct answer ✔✔Messages are being sent from the thalamus directly to the amygdala Which psychologist is considered the "Father of Behaviorism"? - correct answer ✔✔John Watson Which of the following questions best frames the nature-nurture controversy? a) To what degree is human behavior a result of free will versus determinism? b) to what degree do external conditioning stimuli override individual love of focus in regard to human behavior? c) to what degree does the human capacity to nurture its young parallel other species in nature? d) to what degree do all unconscious motives vs potential consequences shape human behavior? e) to what degree do inborn biological processes versus environmental events determine human behavior? - correct answer ✔✔e) to what degree do inborn biological processes versus environmental events determine human behavior? If someone is being forced to watch violent films while also taking pills that make them vomit (as means of "curing" him); the violent films in this are the ______ a) conditioned response b)unconditioned response c) conditioned stimulus d) unconditioned stimulus - correct answer ✔✔c) conditioned stimulus If someone is being forced to watch violent films while also taking pills that make them vomit (as means of "curing" him); the persons illness in response to medication is the _____________ a) unconditioned stimulus b) unconditioned response c) conditioned and unconditioned response d) neutral stimulus - correct answer ✔✔b) unconditioned response The gland, sometimes referred to as the "master gland" which regulates much of the action of the other endocrine glands, is called the ___________ - correct answer ✔✔pituitary gland People who struggle with depression often have trouble sleeping in part because of __________ - correct answer ✔✔low serotonin levels The process of converting physical energy from the environment into a neural impulse is known as __________ - correct answer ✔✔transduction Research has shown a possible connection between the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and which mental disorders/ disease _________ - correct answer ✔✔Alzheimer's Endorphins are chemicals that __________ - correct answer ✔✔elevate mood and decrease pain Which lobe of the brain is central to visual sensation and perception? - correct answer ✔✔Occipital Describe the firing of neurons: - correct answer ✔✔It has an all or none quality: it either happens, or it does not The staggering and slurred speech of a person who has consumed too much alcohol is most likely the result of altered functioning in the ___________ - correct answer ✔✔cerebellum (controls muscle movement and coordination) The myelin sheath that covers the axons of most neurons does what? - correct answer ✔✔Increase the speed with which messages can be transmitted A breif electrical charge that travels down an axon is called ______________ - correct answer ✔✔action potential