APHR Exam Study Guide: Comprehensive Questions and Answers for 2024/2025, Exams of Human Resource Management

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ADA - ✔✔Americans with Disabilities Act EEO - ✔✔Equal Employment Opportunity Equal Employment Opportunity - ✔✔prohibit discrimination in the Federal workplace based on race, color, national origin, religion, gender, age, disability, genetic information, or reprisal. Progressive discipline - ✔✔Progressive discipline is the process of using increasingly severe steps or measures when an employee fails to correct a problem after being given a reasonable opportunity to do so cost per hire - ✔✔Cost per Hire ($) = [Total External Costs] + [Total Internal Costs] / Total Number of Hires number of grievances - ✔✔Employee grievance refers to the dissatisfaction of an employee with what he expects from the company and its management. A company has to provide an employee with a safe working environment, realistic job preview, adequate compensation, respect etc. statistical software - ✔✔Statistical software are specialized computer programs for analysis in statistics and econometrics. histogram - ✔✔A histogram is a graphical representation of the distribution of numerical data. It is an estimate of the probability distribution of a continuous variable (quantitative variable) and was first introduced by Karl Pearson. biometrics - ✔✔the measurement and analysis of unique physical or behavioral characteristics (as fingerprint or voice patterns) especially as a means of verifying personal identity Records in the Personnel File - ✔✔4 years after termination

I-9 forms - ✔✔3 years Medical Records - ✔✔ 3 - 6 years W-4 Forms - ✔✔4 years ERISA - ✔✔The Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA) is a federal law that sets minimum standards for most voluntarily established pension and health plans in private industry to provide protection for individuals in these plans. What does OSHA Stand For? - ✔✔Under the Act, the Occupational Safety and Health administration (OSHA) was created within the Department of Labor. Simply stated, OSHA is the Occupational Safety and Health Administration and is responsible for worker safety and health protection. ACA - ✔✔ACA, and generally referred to as Obamacare - is the landmark health reform legislation passed by the 111th Congress and signed into law by President Barack Obama in March 2010. HRIS - ✔✔A Human Resources Information System (HRIS) is a software or online solution that is used for data entry, data tracking and the data information requirements of an organization's human resources (HR) management, payroll and bookkeeping operations. A HRIS is usually offered as a database. Non-exempt Employees - ✔✔Most employees are entitled to overtime pay under the Fair Labor Standards Act. They are called non-exempt employees. Employers must pay them one-and-a-half times their regular rate of pay when they work more than 40 hours in a week. Exempt Employees - ✔✔Exempt employees are not granted the protections of the FLSA and are therefore not entitled to overtime pay. Contract Employee - ✔✔An employee who works under contract for an employer. A contract employee is hired for a specific job at a specific rate of pay. A contract employee does not become a regular addition to the staff and is not considered a permanent employee.

Most Common Methods of Job Analysis - ✔✔Observation, Interview and Questionnaire Methods matrix organizational structure - ✔✔A matrix organizational structure is a company structure in which the reporting relationships are set up as a grid, or matrix, rather than in the traditional hierarchy. In other words, employees have dual reporting relationships - generally to both a functional manager and a product manager. Flat organizational structure - ✔✔An organizational structure in which most middle-management levels and their functions have been eliminated, thus bringing the top management in direct contact with the frontline salespeople, shop floor employees, and customers. Title VII of the Act - ✔✔Title VII of the Act,prohibits discrimination by covered employers on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin EEOC - ✔✔The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) is the federal agency charged with eliminating discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, national origin, disability, or age, in all terms and conditions of employment. Immigration reform - ✔✔Immigration reform is a term used in political discussion regarding changes to current immigration policy of a country. In its strict definition, "reform" means to change into an improved form or condition, by amending or removing faults or abuses. Recruitment Process Outsourcing - ✔✔Recruitment Process Outsourcing is a form of business process outsourcing (BPO) where an employer transfers all or part of its recruitment processes to an external service provider. An RPO provider can provide its own or may assume the company's staff, technology, methodologies and reporting. Phased Retirement - ✔✔Phased Retirement is a human resources tool that allows full-time employees to work part-time schedules while beginning to draw retirement benefits. COBRA - ✔✔COBRA is the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1985, federal legislation that allows you - if you work for an insured employer group of 20 or more employees - to continue to

purchase health insurance for up to 18 months if you lose your job, or your employer-sponsored coverage is otherwise terminated. FLSA - ✔✔The FLSA establishes minimum wage, overtime pay, recordkeeping, and youth employment standards affecting employees in the private sector and in Federal, State, and local governments. Covered nonexempt workers are entitled to a minimum wage of not less than $7.25 per hour effective July 24, 2009. USERRA - ✔✔The Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act of 1994 (USERRA) is a federal law that establishes rights and responsibilities for uniformed service members and their civilian employers. HIPAA - ✔✔HIPAA: Acronym that stands for the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, a US law designed to provide privacy standards to protect patients' medical records and other health information provided to health plans, doctors, hospitals and other health care providers. Total Rewards - ✔✔The six elements of total rewards that collectively define an organization's strategy to attract, motivate, retain and engage employees are: Compensation: Pay provided by an employer to its employees for services rendered (i.e., time, effort, skill). workers' compensation - ✔✔Workers' compensation is a form of insurance providing wage replacement and medical benefits to employees injured in the course of employment in exchange for mandatory relinquishment of the employee's right to sue his or her employer for the tort of negligence. after action review - ✔✔An after action review (AAR) is a structured review or de-brief process for analyzing what happened, why it happened, and how it can be done better by the participants and those responsible for the project or event. dual career ladder - ✔✔A dual career ladder is a career development plan that allows upward mobility for employees without requiring that they be placed into supervisory or managerial positions. WARN Act - ✔✔The Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act (WARN Act) is a United States labor law which protects employees, their families, and communities by requiring most employers with 100 or more employees to provide 60 calendar-day advance notification of plant closings and mass layoffs of employees, as defined in ...

Title VII - ✔✔prohibits discrimination by covered employers on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin NLRA - ✔✔Congress enacted the National Labor Relations Act ("NLRA") in 1935 to protect the rights of employees and employers, to encourage collective bargaining, and to curtail certain private sector labor and management practices, which can harm the general welfare of workers, businesses and the U.S. economy. Employment- at-will - ✔✔At-will employment is a term used in U.S. labor law for contractual relationships in which an employee can be dismissed by an employer for any reason (that is, without having to establish "just cause" for termination), and without warning. Outplacement - ✔✔Outplacement is the efforts made by a downsizing company to help former employees transition to new jobs and help them re-orient themselves in the job market. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act - ✔✔The Sarbanes-Oxley Act is an act passed by U.S. Congress in 2002 to protect investors from the possibility of fraudulent accounting activities by corporations. The Sarbanes- Oxley Act (SOX) mandated strict reforms to improve financial disclosures from corporations and prevent accounting fraud.