APUSH EXAM 2024/2025 WITH 100% ACCURATE SOLUTIONS, Exams of Nursing

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APUSH EXAM 2024/2025 WITH 100%

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Jamestown 1607 - Precise Answer ✔✔Colony in Virginia, The first successful settlement in the Virginia colony founded in May, 1607. Harsh conditions nearly destroyed the colony. The settlement became part of the Joint Stock Virginia Company of London in 1620. Grew to be a prosperous shipping port. First Africans brought to Virginia 1619 - Precise Answer ✔✔The Africans became indentured servants, similar in legal position to many poor Englishmen who traded several years labor in exchange for passage to America. With the success of tobacco planting, African Slavery was legalized in Virginia and Maryland, becoming the foundation of the Southern agrarian economy. Mayflower compact 1620 - Precise Answer ✔✔The FIRST CONSTITUTION OF THE USA! This document was drafted in 1620 prior to settlement by the Pilgrims at Plymouth Bay in Massachusetts. It declared that the settlers agreed to accept majority rule and participate in a government in the best interest of all members of the colony. This agreement set the precedent for later documents outlining commonwealth rule. Pledged loyalty to the King. Great Migration of Puritans to Massachusetts 1630s &1640s - Precise Answer ✔✔Puritans wanted to remove all "taints" from the Church of England. Feared individualistic behavior and formed communities of

support and assumed responsibility for all people around them. (holy watchers) the "Promised Land"- establish holy communities devoted to serving God. "City on a Hill." Roger Williams established Rhode Island 1636 - Precise Answer ✔✔A preacher who clashed with the Massachusetts Puritans over separation of church and state and was banished in 1636, after which he founded the colony of Rhode Island to the south William Penn established Pennsylvania 1681 - Precise Answer ✔✔Son of very wealthy Sir Admiral William Penn. One of wealthiest sugar planters. Rebelled against his parents. Founded Pennsylvania for the QUAKERS—tolerant of all people, religions, and ethnicity. nicknamed the Society of friends ***Salem Witch Trials 1692 - Precise Answer ✔✔Wave of hysteria swept through Massachusetts regarding outrageous religious convictions and proposed witchcraft. 150 people arrested, 26 convicted. this changed the dynamics of wealth because the wealthy were accused of witchcraft more often than the poor (if convicted, they lose property) James Oglethorpe established Georgia 1732 - Precise Answer ✔✔social reformer who established colony of Georgia as a place for honest debtors (the poor who were in debtor's prison) Jonathan Edwards sparked the Great Awakening 1734 - Precise Answer ✔✔wrote "sinners in the hands of an angry god", Puritan Minister sparked the Great revival of religion

The Great Awakening 1734 - Precise Answer ✔✔Puritanical era where religion became important because people feared they were going to be punished by God. Johnathan Edwards. The French and Indian War 1754-1763 - Precise Answer ✔✔(7 years war) French & Natives vs. English & Colonists. Ended in 1763 with victory at Quebec ended seven years' war with the British winning. The Taking of Montreal in 1760 ended french as a major power. Natives sided with french as they were the lesser of two evils and had inter-racial relations and treated them with respect. Proclamation of 1763 - Precise Answer ✔✔reserved all land west of the racial boundry line for natives and forced the settlers who were living west of that line to move east. (Part of a peace arrangement) Stamp Act 1765-1766 - Precise Answer ✔✔In 1765, This act required the colonists to pay for a stamp to go on documents like: deeds, mortgages, liquor licenses, playing cards, and almanacs. The colonists objected to this direct tax and in protest petitioned the king, formed a formal meeting, and boycotted English imports. In 1766, Parliament repealed the act which was a major victory for colonists. No Taxation without representation Declaratory Act 1766 - Precise Answer ✔✔Following the repeal of the Stamp Act, the Declaratory Act stated that the British Parliament held the same power in the colonies as in Britain. Gave Parliament the authority to pass any law they pleased upon the American colonies. (punishment for the stamp act repeal)

Townshend Acts 1767 - Precise Answer ✔✔passed by Parliament, put a tax on glass, lead, paper, and tea. The acts caused protest from the colonists, who found ways around the taxes such as buying smuggled tea. Due to its little profits, the Townshend Acts were repealed in 1770, except for the tax on tea. The tax on tea was kept to keep alive the principle of Parliamentary taxation. Boston Tea Party 1773 - Precise Answer ✔✔In response to the Tea Act, saying that the East India Trade company could trade directly with colonists which cut out the middle man (American colonists then lost their jobs/money), Colonists dressed as Indians and dumped 10, pounds worth of tea into Boston Harbor. First Continental Congress 1774 - Precise Answer ✔✔55 delegates met in September 1774 to establish the DECLARATION of RIGHTS & showed the colonists' defiance towards the British Lexington and Concord 1775 - Precise Answer ✔✔SPARK of the REVOLUTIONARY WAR. First shot fired by whom is unknown. First revolutionary battle. April 1775. British Troops marched from Lexington to Concord, MA trying to end rebellion and their leaders in MA. Americans extremely outnumbered. 237 British died & only 95 Americans died second Continental Congress 1775 - Precise Answer ✔✔May 1775; authorizes a continental army and issues the DECLARATION of INDEPENDENCE

Treaty of Alliance 1778 - Precise Answer ✔✔was a defensive alliance between France and the USA, formed in the midst of the American Revolutionary War. Promised military support in case of attack by British forces indefinitely into the future. Delegates of King Louis XVI of France and the Second Continental Congress, who represented the United States government at this time Battle of Yorktown 1781 - Precise Answer ✔✔LAST BATTLE of the REVOLUTIONARY WAR, British surrender (Parliament officially declares end of war in February). Articles of Confederation went into effect 1781 - Precise Answer ✔✔First US government 1781-89; STRENGTHS: unity for war, diplomatic corps kept relations with other countries, Northwest Ordinances; WEAKNESSES: government couldn't regulate foreign commerce, couldn't tax, no chief executive, no court system, couldn't declare war, couldn't force state compliance with laws, all 13 states permission needed to pass laws Peace of Paris 1783 - Precise Answer ✔✔America, Britain, France, Spain & 6 nations of Europe form a treaty. All want to weaken British power (France wants the war to continue so that British loses will be greater & want America to become dependent on France)

Northwest Ordinances 1784, 1785, and 1787 - Precise Answer ✔✔provided a system for surveying western land, provided political organization for interior region; 3 parts:

1. adopt-a-state plan
2. grid system
3. no slavery in Northwest territory Shay's Rebellion 1786-1787 - Precise Answer ✔✔Angered by taxes & debts, Daniel Shay led a rebellion against the American Gov't. (SHOWED how Articles of Confederation were weak) the people didn't have a commercial bank and had to borrow from each other; were in large debt. Uprising led by Daniel Shays in an effort to prevent courts from foreclosing on the farms of those who could not pay the taxes, was a protest against the land being taken away and the taxes that they had worked for in Revolutionary war constitutional convention 1787 - Precise Answer ✔✔Met in Annapolis in September 1787 to discuss interstate commerce in response to Shay's rebellion. Only 5/13 states showed up federalist papers - Precise Answer ✔✔James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, John Jay promoted the Ratification (federalist ideas) in NY, stand as a primary on what the writers of the Constitution had in mind when they were creating the document. Creation of a new gov't 1789 - Precise Answer ✔✔...

Alexander Hamilton appointed Secretary of the Treasury 1789 - Precise Answer ✔✔Federalist, first Secretary of Treasury, financial plan which included Report on Public Credit, Assumption Bill, National Bank - Washington usually follows his ideas vs. those of D-Rs samuel slater established first textile mil 1790 - Precise Answer ✔✔He was a British mechanic that moved to America and in 1791 invented the first American machine for spinning cotton. He is known as "the Father of the Factory System" and he started the idea of child labor in America's factories. ***BILL OF RIGHTS 1791 - Precise Answer ✔✔Condition of ANTI- Federalists in order to ratify; guaranteed people's rights. Cotton Gin 1793 - Precise Answer ✔✔Eli Whitney created it; faster process, made need for slaves increase Washington's Proclamation of Neutrality 1793 - Precise Answer ✔✔He said he was nuetral on the topic of French/Brit fight, but by not helping the French, he WAS helping England. (Alex H = Brits & TJ = France) Whiskey Rebellion 1794 - Precise Answer ✔✔Pennsylvania grain farmers rebelled against an excise tax which would have greatly lowered profits on their whiskey, Washington fought back by SENDING TROOPS to dispel rebellions - set a precedent that laws under the Constitution needed to be followed

Washington's Farewell Address 1796 - Precise Answer ✔✔Set the precedent for Presidents to serve 4 years (gave us the name Mr. President) he let democracy survive. The XYZ affair 1797-1798 - Precise Answer ✔✔3 representatives of France attempted to coerce American diplomats into paying for peace (neutrality) as they (along with Britain) had been attacking American ships, angered President Adams who followed with passing Alien & Sedition Acts Alien and Sedition Acts 1798 - Precise Answer ✔✔Raised residence requirement for citizenship, Alien - authorized president to expel aliens if deemed dangerous, Sedition- made conspiring against government strictly punishable (meant to protect from France especially at the time). Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions 1798-1799 - Precise Answer ✔✔prompter: alien & sedition acts Direct challenge to Federalist laws. Kentucky (drafted by Jefferson) passed November 1798 declaring the National Gov't had violated the bill of rights, each state has the equal right to judge its own infractions (nulification) Virginia (drafted by Madison & after KT) asserted that when Gov't threatens peoples' liberties, the states have the right to interven (nullification of states) Election of 1800 - Precise Answer ✔✔Thomas Jefferson & Aaron Bur were in a dead lock to the house of reps & Hamilton had to persuade the

house to choose Jefferson (TJ was the lesser of two evils) TJ wins & John Adams becomes VP Midnight Judges 1801 - Precise Answer ✔✔John Adams, (right before TJ took office) knowing his party was voted out of power filled the courts with Federalist judges during the last of his term ***Marbury versus Madison 1803 - Precise Answer ✔✔Judge Marbury sues James Madison, who refused to sign his judicial appointment by lame duck Adams, Chief Justice John Marshall declares that the Second Judiciary Act under which Marbury was appointed was UNCONSTITUTIONAL - win for Madison but overall win for Feds because allotted more federal power. Louisiana Purchase 1803 - Precise Answer ✔✔Jefferson wanted to purchase to expand the nation peacefully; Napoleon was willing to give up because of threats of war with England, they had just lost a black rebellion in Haiti, were unable to defend the territory - $15 million for 530 million acres Lewis and Clark expedition 1804-1806 - Precise Answer ✔✔... Trial of Aaron Burr 1807 - Precise Answer ✔✔Jefferson's vice- president for his first term; not voted into a second term because of radical ideas and ventures that threatened to break up the Union and resulted in the death of Alexander Hamiltonin duel

Jefferson's embargo 1807 - Precise Answer ✔✔Led to the war of 1812, interconnected with the non-importation act, forbade all international trade to or from America in response to the impressments of sailors. War of 1812 (1812- 1815) - Precise Answer ✔✔US refused to tolerate Britain's: presence in America, encouragement of Indian raids, and attacks on American commerce (& impressments of soldiers); reasons for fighting had been resolved before war was declared, Battle of New Orleans took place after treaty had been signed in Belgium, at end of war things were the same as before... Battle of New Orleans was Final Major Battle Hartford Convention 1814 - Precise Answer ✔✔December 1814 - A convention of New England merchants who opposed the Embargo and other trade restriction, and the War of 1812. They proposed some Amendments to the Constitution and advocated the right of states to nullify federal laws. They also discussed the idea of seceding from USA if their desires were ignored. The Hartford Convention turned public sentiment against the Federalists and led to the demise of the party Treaty of Ghent 1814 - Precise Answer ✔✔December 24, 1814 - Ended the War of 1812 and restored the status quo. For the most part territory captured in the war was returned to the original owner. It also set up a commission to determine the disputed Canada/U.S. border. Battle of New Orleans 1815 - Precise Answer ✔✔Famous battle the occurred AFTER the War of 1812 is finished ironically. Battle that made Andrew Jackson a war hero- he was able to bring together americans and inspire them to fight the Brits.

The American System 1815 - Precise Answer ✔✔A system proposed by Henry Clay where America functioned by the southern and western states sending crops and unfinished goods to the north and east and then they would send finished goods and food to the south and west. (Its like a giant circle where everyone gets what they need from other parts of America) ***Era of Good Feelings 1815-1824 - Precise Answer ✔✔A name for President Monroe's two terms, a period of strong nationalism, economic growth, and territorial expansion. Since the Federalist party dissolved after the War of 1812, there was only one political party and no partisan conflicts McCulloch v. Maryland 1819 - Precise Answer ✔✔Cheif justice john marshall limits of the US constition and of the authority of the federal and state govts. one side was opposed to establishment of a national bank and challenged the authority of federal govt to establish one. supreme court ruled that power of federal govt was supreme that of the states and the states couldnt interfere Adams-Onis Treaty 1819 - Precise Answer ✔✔agreement in which Spain gave over control of the territory of Florida to the United States ***Missouri Compromise 1820 - Precise Answer ✔✔The issue was that Missouri wanted to join the Union as a slave state, therefore unbalancing the Union so there would be more slave states then free states. 1. The compromise set it up so that Maine joined as a free state and Missouri joined as a slave state. 2. Congress also made a line across the southern

border of Missouri saying except for the state of Missouri, all states north of that line must be free states First Lowell Factory opened 1823 - Precise Answer ✔✔Francis Cabot Lowell established a factory in 1823 at Waltham, Massachusetts. It was the first factory in the world to manufacture cotton cloth by power machinery in a building. Monroe Doctrine 1823 - Precise Answer ✔✔President James Monroe's statement forbidding further colonization in the Americas and declaring that any attempt by a foreign country to colonize would be considered an act of hostility. (MANIFEST DESTINY- Usa had the RIGHT to develope the land) ***Election of 1824 - Precise Answer ✔✔An election that lead to much controversy. Andrew Jackson won both the popular vote and the electoral vote, but the decision went to the House of Reps. Henry Clay gave his vote to John Quincy Adams, and Adams ended up winning. John Quincy Adams ended up selecting Henry Clay as his secretary of state (a straight shot to the presidency). Andrew Jackson accused them of striking a "CORRUPT BARGAIN!". Indian Removal act 1830 - Precise Answer ✔✔............................. Maysville Road Veto 1830 - Precise Answer ✔✔proposed building a road in Kentucky (Henry Clay's state) at federal expense. Jackson vetoed it because he didn't like Clay, and Martin Van Buren pointed out that New York and Pennsylvania paid for their transportation improvements

with state money. Applied strict interpretation of the Constitution by saying that the federal government could not pay for internal improvements. Nat Turner's rebellion 1831 - Precise Answer ✔✔Uprising of slaves in Southampton County, Virginia, in the summer of 1831 led by Nat Turner which resulted in the death of 55 white people. Nullification Crisis 1832-1833 - Precise Answer ✔✔A sectional crisis during the presidency of Andrew Jackson created by the Ordinance of Nullification, an attempt by the state of South Carolina to nullify a federal law - the tariff of 1828 - passed by the United States Congress. Jackson destroyed Bank of the US 1833-1836 - Precise Answer ✔✔Jackson feels bank has too much power: Biddle boasts he could influence Congress, bank favors the wealthy and hurts the average person, Biddle asks to get bank charter renewed but Jackson vetoes it and removes the government funds, so the bank dies Panic 1837??? - Precise Answer ✔✔When Jackson was president, many state banks received government money that had been withdrawn from the Bank of the U.S. These banks issued paper money and financed wild speculation, especially in federal lands. Jackson issued the Specie Circular to force the payment for federal lands with gold or silver. Many state banks collapsed as a result. A panic ensued (1837). Bank of the U.S. failed, cotton prices fell, businesses went bankrupt, and there was widespread unemployment and distress

Horace Mann began school reform in Massachusetts 1837 - Precise Answer ✔✔Secretary of the Massachusetts Board of Education, he was a prominent proponent of public school reform, and set the standard for public schools throughout the nation Trail of Tears 1838 - Precise Answer ✔✔under Andrew Jackson, moved all Indians east of MS River to Oklahoma; AJ went against the Supreme Court's decision to allow indians to stay and forced indians to move; The Cherokee Indians traveled more than 800 miles More than 4, 00 Cherokees died during the 116-day journey. election of 1840 - Precise Answer ✔✔Whigs were united under William Henry Harrison, the one Whig candidate who had won national support 4 years earlier. The result was a Whig victory and a truly national two- party system term manifest destiny first used??? - Precise Answer ✔✔..........COINED BY JOHN L. O'SULLIVAN, AN AMERICAN COLUMNIST AND EDITOR, IN AN ARTICLE TITLED "ANNEXATION" IN THE DEMOCRATIC REVIEW, WHICH CALLED FOR TEXAS TO BE ADMITTED INTO THE UNION. BELIEF THAT GOD HAD GIVEN THE U.S. A MISSION TO SPREAD DEMOCRACY. JUSTIFIED EXPANSION BUT DID NOT CAUSE IT. Annexation of Texas 1845 - Precise Answer ✔✔Texas seceded from Mexico and declared independence in response to Mexican abolition of slavery. US adopts/annexes Texas because Southern states support Texas slavery. The North feared expansion of slavery and war with Mexico

***Mexican-American War 1846 - Precise Answer ✔✔Polk wanted to also aquire California/New Mexico region. Polk resorted to an agressive method by sending troops to disputed area. US declared war on Mex. when hostilities arose. Americans captured Mexico City. Santa Anna fled, war ended Mormons migrated to Utah 1847-1848 - Precise Answer ✔✔What was the largest single migration in American History in 1847. Along with the founding of Salt Lake City by Young Birgham Seneca Fall Convention 1848 - Precise Answer ✔✔the first national woman's rights convention; the site where the declaration of sentiments was written Mexican cession 1848 - Precise Answer ✔✔(southwestern USA) under the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo following the end of the Mexican- American War. this massive land grab was significant because the question of extending slavery into newly acquired territories had become the leading national political issue. CA Gold rush 1949 - Precise Answer ✔✔(San Francisco 49ers) Gold discovered in California attracted a rush of people all over the country to San Francisco. Many young men looking to make a name for themselves Wilmot Proviso 1849 - Precise Answer ✔✔Dispute over whether any Mexican territory that America won during the Mexican War should be free or a slave territory. A representative named David Wilmot

introduced an amendment stating that any territory acquired from Mexico would be free. This amendment passed the House twice, but failed to ever pass in Senate. The "Wilmot Proviso" became a symbol of how intense dispute over slavery was in the U.S. Compromise of 1850 - Precise Answer ✔✔Forestalled the Civil War by:

1. instating the Fugitive Slave Act (in favor of south)
2. banning slave trade in DC (north win)
3. California as a free state (north)
4. splitting up the Texas territory and instating popular sovereignty in the Mexican Cession (south) Uncle Tom's Cabin 1852 - Precise Answer ✔✔written by harriet beecher stowe that highly influenced england's view on the American Deep South and slavery. a novel promoting abolition. intensified sectional conflict. Kansas-Nebraska Act 1854 - Precise Answer ✔✔This Act set up Kansas and Nebraska as states. Each state would use POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY to decide what to do about slavery. People who were proslavery and antislavery moved to Kansas, This began guerrilla warfare Creation of the republican party 1854 - Precise Answer ✔✔The Democratic Party was divided along North-South lines -The Whig Party disintegrated, with its members either joining the Know-Nothings or the newly created Republican Party -The Republican Party's unifying

principle was that slavery should be banned from all the nation's territories and not permitted to spread any further to established state ***the dread scott case (Dred Scott versus Sandford) 1857 - Precise Answer ✔✔Supreme Court decision that stated that slaves were not citizens; that living in a free state or territory, even for many years, did not free slaves; and declared the Missouri Compromise unconstitional! Lincoln-douglas debates 1858 - Precise Answer ✔✔During the race to become senator of IL, Lincoln & Douglas debated certain topics such as slavery, how to deal with slavery, and where slavery should be allowed. Although Lincoln lost the election to Douglas, he was known throughout the country because of the debates John Brown Raid 1859 - Precise Answer ✔✔militant abolitionist John Brown seized the U.S. arsenal at HARPER'S FERRY. He planned to end slavery by massacring slave owners and freeing their slaves. He was captured and executed, but seen as a hero to many extremists. Election of 1860 - Precise Answer ✔✔Lincoln, the Republican candidate, won because the Democratic party was split over slavery. As a result, the South no longer felt like it has a voice in politics and a number of states seceded from the Union southern sucession 1860-1861 - Precise Answer ✔✔Secessionists left for a number of avowed reasons, mostly relating in some way to slavery; they were alarmed by the inexorable tipping of the political balance against them. The "crime" of the North, was the census returns;

Southerners were dismayed by the triumph of the sectional Republican party, which seemed to threaten slaveholding minority—weary of free- soil criticism, abolition nagging, and northern interference. Many southerners supported secession because they felt sure that their departure would be unopposed; they were confident that the Yankee would not, could not fight. They believed that northern manufacturers and bankers, so heavily dependent on southern cotton and markets, would not dare to cut their own economic throat fort Sumter 1861 - Precise Answer ✔✔Federal fort in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina; Lincoln sent supplies as a way to provoke the south (secretly) to begin the war. the confederate attack on the fort marked the start of the Civil War Homestead Act 1862 - Precise Answer ✔✔the law offered 160 acres of land free for anyone who agreed to like on and improve the land for 5 years, companies got better land Morrill Land-Grant Act 1862 - Precise Answer ✔✔passed by Congress, this law distributed millions of acres of western lands to state governments in order to fund state agricultural colleges Emancipation Proclamation 1863 - Precise Answer ✔✔Issued by abraham lincoln on september 22, 1862 it declared that all slaves in the confederate states (deep south) would be free. (hoped the blacks would overthrow whites and help in the war) after winning the battle of antietham- as a sign of union victory

Battles of Vicksburg and Gettysburg 1863 - Precise Answer ✔✔In july 1863 these two cities fell to Union troops turning the tide of the Civil War in favor of the Union. Gettysburg was one of the Bloodiest battle and was the farthest the South ever got (saved the capital). Appomattox Court House 1865 - Precise Answer ✔✔famous as the site of the surrender of the Confederate Army under Robert E. Lee to Union commander Ulysses S. Grant Abraham Lincoln assassinated 1865 - Precise Answer ✔✔The first president to be assassinated, done so by John Wilkes Booth, Andrew Johnson (Democrat) became president. (originally he was only made vp becasue he was a southerner who never left the union) Freedmen Bureau 1865 - Precise Answer ✔✔(lincoln) The bureau's focus was to provide food, medical care, administer justice, manage abandoned and confiscated property, regulate labor, and establish schools. 13th amendment 1865 - Precise Answer ✔✔This amendment freed all slaves without compensation to the slaveowners. It legally forbade slavery in the United States. Purchase of Alaska 1867 - Precise Answer ✔✔In December, 1866, the U.S. offered to take Alaska from Russia. Russia was eager to give it up, as the fur resources had been exhausted, and, expecting friction with Great Britain, they preferred to see defenseless Alaska in U.S. hands. Called "Seward's Folly" and "Seward's Icebox", the purchase was made

in 1867 for $7,200,000 and gave the U.S. Alaska's resources of fish, timber, oil and gold Radical Reconstruction began 1867 - Precise Answer ✔✔Provided for dividing states into military districts with military commanders to oversee voter registration that included adult African-American males for state conventions; state conventions to draft constitutions that provided for suffrage for black men; state legislatures to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment Andrew Johnson Impeachment Trial 1868 - Precise Answer ✔✔attempted impeachment against President Johnson in 1868; power struggle between him and Congress- President removed cabinet officer w/o Senate approval and he interfered w/ congressional reconstruction; crippled his presidency 14th amendment 1868 - Precise Answer ✔✔This amendment declared that all persons born or naturalized in the United States were entitled equal rights regardless of their race, and that their rights were protected at both the state and national levels. Transcontinental Railroad completed 1869 - Precise Answer ✔✔Completed in 1869 at Promontory, Utah, it linked the eastern railroad system with California's railroad system, revolutionizing transportation in the west Knights of Labor created 1869 - Precise Answer ✔✔one of the most important American labor organizations of the 19th century, demanded

an end to child and convict labor, equal pay for women, a progressive income tax, and the cooperative employer-employee ownership of mines and factories Standard Oil 1870 - Precise Answer ✔✔was a predominant integrated oil producing, transporting, refining, and marketing company. operated as a major company trust and was one of the world's first and largest multinational corporations until it was dissolved by the United States Supreme Court in 1911; John D. Rockefeller Wyoming give Women Right to Vote 1870 - Precise Answer ✔✔an act granting the women of Wyoming the right of suffrage

• in the west, women were seen as equals because they did just as much work Battle of Little Bighorn 1876 - Precise Answer ✔✔Indian leaders Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse defeated Custer's troops who tried to force them back on to the reservation, Custer and all his men died Election of 1876 - Precise Answer ✔✔Race for the presidency between Republican Rutherford B Hayes and Democrat Samuel J Tilden. The decision of the winner came down to congress, but no one knew which house should vote because the Senate was Republican and the House of Reps was Democratic. Congress created a Special Electoral Commission consisting of 5 senators, 5 House Reps, and 5 justices from the Supreme court. Votes went 8-7 in favor of Hayes who cheated?

Great railroad strike of 1877 - Precise Answer ✔✔A large number of railroad workers went on strike because of wage cuts. After a month of strikes, President Hayes sent troops to stop the rioting. The worst railroad violence was in Pittsburgh, with over 40 people killed by militia men Chief Joseph surrenders 1877 - Precise Answer ✔✔Leader of Nez Perce. Fled with his tribe to Canada instead of reservations. However, US troops came and fought and brought them back down to reservations James Garfield assassinated 1881 - Precise Answer ✔✔20th president, Republican, assassinated by Charles Julius Guiteau after a few months in office due to lack of patronage Booker T. Washington founds Tuskegee Institution 1881 - Precise Answer ✔✔... Chinese Exclusion act 1882 - Precise Answer ✔✔banned Chinese immigration in US for a total of 40 years because the United States thought of them as a threat. Caused chinese population in America to decrease Pendleton Civil Service Act 1883 - Precise Answer ✔✔law that created a Civil Service Commission and stated that federal employees could not be required to contribute to campaign funds nor be fired for political reasons

Haymarket Square Riots 1886 - Precise Answer ✔✔100,000 workers rioted in Chicago. After the police fired into the crowd, the workers met and rallied in Haymarket Square to protest police brutality. A bomb exploded, killing and injuring many of the police. The Chicago workers and the man who set the bomb were immigrants, so the incident promoted ANTI-immigrant feelings American Federation of Labor created 1886 - Precise Answer ✔✔Federation of craft labor unions lead by Samuel Gompers that arose out of dissatisfaction with the Knights of Labor Jane Adams founds the Hull house 1887 - Precise Answer ✔✔Settlement home designed as a welfare agency for needy families. It provided social and educational opportunities for working class people in the neighborhood as well as improving some of the conditions caused by poverty *Dawes Severalty Act 1887 - Precise Answer ✔✔dismantled American Indian tribes, set up individuals as family heads with 160 acres, tried to make rugged individualists out of the Indians, attempt to assimilate the Indian population into that of the American ***The "Gospel of Wealth" 1889 - Precise Answer ✔✔book written by Andrew Carnegie that described the responsibility of the rich to be philanthropists. This softened the harshness of Social Darwinism as well as promoted the idea of philanthropy.

How the Other Half lives 1890 - Precise Answer ✔✔book by John Riis that told the public about the lives of the immigrants and those who live in the tenements. Was very graphic and caused people to re-evaluate tenement houses Sherman Antitrust Act 1890 - Precise Answer ✔✔First federal action against monopolies, it was signed into law by President Ben Harrison and was extensively used by Theodore Roosevelt for trust-busting. However, it was initially misused AGAINST labor unions Wounded Knee Massascre 1890 - Precise Answer ✔✔In December 1890, Army troops captured some of Sitting Bull's followers and took them to a camp. 300 Sioux men, women, and children were killed mercilessly Ellis Island opens 1892 - Precise Answer ✔✔An immigrant receiving station that opened in 1892, where immigrants were given a medical examination and only allowed into the USA if they were healthy Homestead Strike 1892 - Precise Answer ✔✔steelworker strike near Pittsburgh against the Carnegie Steel Company (US Steel). Ten workers were killed in a riot when "scab" labor was brought in to force an end to the strike Panic of 1893 - Precise Answer ✔✔Serious economic depression beginning in 1893. Began due to railroad companies over-extending themselves, causing bank failures. Was the worst economic collapse in

the history of the country until that point, some say as bad as the Great Depression of the 1930s. Pullman Strike 1894 - Precise Answer ✔✔nonviolent strike (brought down the railway system in most of the West) at the Pullman Palace Car Co. over wages - President Grover Cleveland shut it down because it was interfering with mail delivery *** Plessy versus Ferguson 1896 - Precise Answer ✔✔a 1896 Supreme Court decision which legalized state ordered segregation so long as the facilities for blacks and whites were equal. (Black man was removed from a "white" cart) Equal, but segregated Election of 1896 - Precise Answer ✔✔Republican William McKinley defeated Democrat William Jennings Bryan in 1896. Bryan was the nominee of the Democrats/ the Populist Party/ the Silver Republicans (Will tried to appeal to too many people). Economic issues, including bimetallism, the gold standard, Free Silver, and the tariff, were crucial Spanish American war 1898 - Precise Answer ✔✔War fought between the US and Spain in Cuba and the Philippines. America intervened "on behalf of" Cuba and phillippines, but really wanted to establish itself in pacific. It lasted less than 3 months and resulted in Cuba's independence as well as the US annexing Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. Open Door Policy 1899 - Precise Answer ✔✔A policy proposed by the US in 1899, under which ALL nations would have equal opportunities to