APUSH EXAM NEWEST 2024/2025 ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWE, Exams of Ancient history

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APUSH EXAM NEWEST 2024/2025 ACTUAL EXAM

COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT VERIFIED

ANSWERS GRADED A

Napoleon chose to sell Louisiana to the United States because he had suffered misfortunes in Santo Domingo. B) he hoped that the territory would one day help America to thwart the ambitions of the British. C) he did not want to drive America into the arms of the British. D) yellow fever killed many French troops. E) all of the above. E) all of the above. Jefferson had authorized American negotiators to purchase only ____________________ from France. A) New Orleans and the Floridas B) New Orleans and St. Louis C) Santo Domingo D) the Missouri River basin E) the entire Louisiana Territory A) New Orleans and the Floridas Thomas Jefferson was conscience-stricken about the purchase of the Louisiana Territory from France because A) the Federalists supported his action. B) he believed that the purchase was unconstitutional. C) he felt that the purchase was not a fair deal for France. D) war with Spain might occur. E) he feared the British might use it as an exercise to declare war on the United States. B) he believed that the purchase was unconstitutional. Lewis and Clark's expedition through the Louisiana Purchase territory yielded all of the following except A) a rich harvest of scientific observations.

B) treaties with several Indian nations. C) maps. D) hair-raising adventure stories. E) knowledge of the Indians of the region. B) treaties with several Indian nations. Lewis and Clark demonstrated the viability of A) travel across the isthmus of Panama. B) an overland trail to the Pacific. C) settlement in the southern portion of the Louisiana territory. D) using Indian guides. E) all of the above. B) an overland trail to the Pacific. After killing Alexander Hamilton in a duel, Aaron Burr A) fled to France. B) fled to England. C) was arrested and found guilty of murder. D) was arrested and found innocent of murder. E) plotted to divide the United States. E) plotted to divide the United States. The British policy of impressment was a kind of A) naval blockade. B) economic boycott. C) forced enlistment. D) diplomatic pressure. E) punishment for the United States. C) forced enlistment. The British impressed American sailors into the British navy because A) the Americans took the Chesapeake. B) they needed more men.

C) Parliament passed a law. D) of the XYZ affair. E) they wanted to punish the United States. B) they needed more men. The Chesapeake incident involved the flagrant use of A) patronage. B) impeachment. C) judicial view. D) impressment. E) naval blockades. D) impressment. To deal with British and French violations of America's neutrality, Thomas Jefferson A) declared war on Britain. B) enacted an economic embargo. C) declared war on France. D) did nothing. E) sought trade relations with Spain and Holland. B) enacted an economic embargo. Thomas Jefferson's embargo failed for all of the following reasons except that A) he underestimated the determination of the British. B) he underestimated Britain's dependence on American trade. C) Britain produced a bumper grain crop. D) Latin America opened its ports for commerce. E) he miscalculated the difficulty of enforcing it. B) he underestimated Britain's dependence on American trade. Native American leader Tecumseh was killed in 1813 at the A) Battle of Tippecanoe. B) Battle of the Thames. C) Battle of Horseshoe Bend.

D) Battle of New Orleans. E) Battle of Fallen Timbers. B) Battle of the Thames. The battle of Tippecanoe resulted in A) defeat of the British by the hands of the Indian confederacy. B) a Shawnee loss and a Creek victory. C) a declaration of war by the United States on Great Britain. D) the expulsion of the British from Florida. E) the death of the dream of an Indian confederacy. B) a Shawnee loss and a Creek victory. In 1812, James Madison turned to war A) to help him win re-election B) due to his hatred if Great Britain C) to fulfill alliance obligations with France D) to fulfill alliance obligations with Spain E) to restore confidence in the Republican experiment E) to restore confidence in the Republican experiment To guard American shores, Thomas Jefferson A) built a fleet of frigates. B) constructed coastal fortifications. C) constructed two hundred tiny gunboats. D) signed a peace treaty with Great Britain. E) enlisted the aid of France. C) constructed two hundred tiny gunboats. Arrange these events in chronological order: (A) Louisiana Purchase, (B) Chesapeake incident, (C) Burr's trial for treason, (D) Embargo Act. (A) A, B, D, C (B) C, D, A, B (C) A, C, B, D

(D) D, B, C, A

(E) B, D, C, A

(C) A, C, B, D

In order to purchase New Orleans from France, Thomas Jefferson A) threatened to form an alliance with France's enemy, Spain. B) was unwilling to go to war. C) proposed to break away from all alliances to prove our neutrality. D) was willing to use funds from private individuals if Congress would not authorize enough money for the purchase. E) decided to make an alliance with his old enemy, Britain. E) decided to make an alliance with his old enemy, Britain. On becoming president, Thomas Jefferson and the Republicans in Congress immediately repealed A) the Alien and Sedition Acts. B) the charter of the National Bank. C) the excise tax on whiskey. D) the funding and assumption of the national debt. E) money to fund the naval build-up. C) the excise tax on whiskey. When it came to the major Federalist economic programs, Thomas Jefferson as president A) left practically all of them intact. B) quickly dismantled them. C) slowly undid everything the Federalists achieved. D) attacked only the Bank of the United States. E) vetoed any new tariffs. A) left practically all of them intact. Thomas Jefferson and his followers opposed John Adams's last-minute appointment of new federal judges mainly because A) the men appointed were of poor quality. B) they believed that the appointments were unconstitutional.

C) they did not want a showdown with the Supreme Court. D) it was an attempt by a defeated party to entrench itself in the government. E) these judges were not needed. D) it was an attempt by a defeated party to entrench itself in the government. As president, Thomas Jefferson's stand on several political issues that he had previously championed A) remained unchanged. B) was reversed. C) grew even more rigid. D) compelled him to repeal the Alien and Sedition Acts. E) caused him to reject slavery. B) was reversed. During the War of 1812, the New England states A) supported the United States' war effort. B) lent more money and sent more food to the British army than to the American army. C) gave no support to either the Americans or the British. D) allowed their militias to fight wherever the federal government requested. E) declared their independence from the United States. B) lent more money and sent more food to the British army than to the American army. Thomas Jefferson's "Revolution of 1800" was remarkable in that it A) moved the United States away from its democratic ideals. B) marked the peaceful and orderly transfer of power on the basis of election results accepted by all parties. C) occurred after he left the presidency. D) caused America to do what the British had been doing for a generation regarding the election of a legislative body. E) was in no way a revolution B) marked the peaceful and orderly transfer of power on the basis of election results accepted by all parties.

Thomas Jefferson was elected president by the House of Representatives when A) a few Federalists refrained from voting. B) Aaron Burr withdrew from the race. C) Jefferson agreed to appoint John Marshall to the Supreme Court. D) additional Jeffersonians became members of the House. E) the electoral college gave up its responsibility. A) a few Federalists refrained from voting. The legal precedent for judicial review was established when A) the House of Representatives impeached Justice Samuel Chase. B) the Supreme Court declared the Judiciary Act of 1789 unconstitutional. C) Congress repealed the Judiciary Act of 1801. D) President Adams appointed several "midnight judges" to the federal courts. E) the Judiciary Act of 1801 was passed. B) the Supreme Court declared the Judiciary Act of 1789 unconstitutional. The case of Marbury v. Madison involved the question of who had the right to A) commit the United States to entangling alliances. B) impeach federal officers for "high crimes and misdemeanors." C) declare an act of Congress unconstitutional. D) purchase foreign territory for the United States. E) appoint Supreme Court justices. C) declare an act of Congress unconstitutional. Thomas Jefferson distrusted large standing armies because they A) were usually ineffective in battle. B) always developed a destructive rivalry with the navy. C) could be used to establish a dictatorship. D) all of the above. E) none of the above. C) could be used to establish a dictatorship. Thomas Jefferson saw navies as less dangerous than armies because A) they were generally smaller in numbers.

B) they had little chance of starting a war. C) they were in less contact with foreign powers. D) they could not march inland and endanger liberties. E) all of the above. D) they could not march inland and endanger liberties. Arrange the following events in chronological order: (A) war hawks enter Congress, (B) declaration of war on Britain, (C) Embargo Act, (D) Battle of Tippecanoe. (A) A, B, C, D (B) C, A, D, B (C) B, C, A, D (D) B, A, D, C (E) B, C, D, A (B) C, A, D, B Tecumseh argued that Indians should A) never give control of their land to the whites. B) move west of the Mississippi River. C) not cede control of land to whites unless all Indians agreed. D) exchange traditional buckskin clothing for cloth garments. E) fight as individual tribes and not as a confederacy. C) not cede control of land to whites unless all Indians agreed. Thomas Jefferson had strong misgivings about the wisdom of A) states' rights. B) maintaining a large standing army. C) having the presidency and Congress controlled by the same party. D) removing federal judges by the process of impeachment. E) judicial review. B) maintaining a large standing army. Thomas Jefferson's first major foreign-policy decision was to A) purchase Louisiana from France. B) send a naval squadron to the Mediterranean.

C) drive the British out of the northwest forts. D) purchase Florida from Spain. E) form an alliance with Spain. B) send a naval squadron to the Mediterranean. Thomas Jefferson ceased his opposition to the expansion of the navy when the A) Pasha of Tripoli declared war on the United States. B) U.S. Marine Corps was established. C) "mosquito fleet" was defeated by the pirates at Tripoli. D) army was disbanded. E) British blockaded the east coast. A) Pasha of Tripoli declared war on the United States. Thomas Jefferson received the bulk of his support from the A) South and West. B) North. C) large cities. D) East. E) New England A) South and West. In 1800, Thomas Jefferson was chosen president by the A) people. B) Electoral College. C) House of Representatives. D) wealthy. E) business sector. C) House of Representatives. Macon's Bill No. 2 A) forbade American ships from leaving port. B) permitted trade with all nations but promised that if either Britain or France lifted its commercial restrictions on American trade, the United States would stop trading with the other.

C) forbade American trade with Britain and France but promised to open trade with either country if it would cease its violations of American neutrality rights. D) repealed the Embargo Act of 1807. E) halted trade with Britain. B) permitted trade with all nations but promised that if either Britain or France lifted its commercial restrictions on American trade, the United States would stop trading with the other. With Thomas Jefferson's election as president, the Democratic-Republican party A) grew stronger and more unified. B) removed many Federalists from government jobs. C) soon resented its leaders' lavish life-style. D) grew less unified as the Federalist party began to fade and lose power. E) sought to extend the Alien and Sedition Acts to punish their enemies D) grew less unified as the Federalist party began to fade and lose power. How did President Thomas Jefferson overcome his doubts about the constitutionality of purchasing Louisiana from France? A) timely Supreme Court decisions allowed him to proceed with actions that were originally denied to the President by the Constitution B) he decided that the guarantee of vast western land for American farmers outweighed constitutional principle C) his survey of the political landscape indicated that the action was crucial to his re-election hopes in 1804 D) key provisions in the Pinckney Treaty were more broadly interpreted by Secretary of State James Madison, thus opening the door for the land acquisition B) he decided that the guarantee of vast western land for American farmers outweighed constitutional principle The Louisiana purchase was significant because it: A) virtually eliminated Spain from he North American continent B) gave the US control of the Mississippi River C) forced the British to evacuate their posts in the NW D) eased tension b/w western settlers and Indians

B) gave the US control of the Mississippi River All of the following statements are consistent with the beliefs of Thomas Jefferson except: A) "the farmer is the backbone of American society" B) "freedom of speech is crucial in a republic" C) "an essential element to maintain orderly society is a strong national government" D) "the government is best that governs least" C) "an essential element to maintain orderly society is a strong national government" "We... landed at day-break, and... went through the woods to ... the place where I left our colony in the year 1586. In all this way we saw in the sand the print of the savages' feet of 2 or 3 sorts trodden at night, and as we entered up the sandy bank upon a tree, in the very brow thereof were curiously carved these... letters: C R O... At my departure from them in Anno 1587 I willed them, that if they should happen to be distressed in any of those places, that then they should carve over the letters or name a crosse in this form, but we found no such sign of distress. And having well considered of this, we passed toward the place where they were left in sundry houses, but we found the houses taken down, and the place very strongly enclosed with a high palisade of great trees... I greatly joyed that I had safely found a certain token of their safe being at Croatoan, which is the place where Manteo was borne, and C) attempt at an English colony in the New World. "We... landed at day-break, and... went through the woods to ... the place where I left our colony in the year 1586. In all this way we saw in the sand the print of the savages' feet of 2 or 3 sorts trodden at night, and as we entered up the sandy bank upon a tree, in the very brow thereof were curiously carved these... letters: C R O... At my departure from them in Anno 1587 I willed them, that if they should happen to be distressed in any of those places, that then they should carve over the letters or name a crosse in this form, but we found no such sign of distress. And having well considered of this, we passed toward the place where they were left in sundry houses, but we found the houses taken down, and the place very strongly enclosed with a high palisade of great trees... I greatly joyed that I had safely found a certain token of their safe being at Croatoan, which is the place where Manteo was borne, and

D) Europeans were poorly prepared to deal with the realities of constructing settlements in the Americas. "This western discovery will be greatly for the enlargement of the gospel of Christ where unto the princes of the reformed religion are chiefly bound... Then it is necessary for the salvation of those poor people who have sat so long in darkness and in the shadow of death that preachers should be sent unto them.... Now the means to send such as shall labor effectually in this business is by planting one or two colonies of our nation upon that firm [land], where they may remain in safety, and first learn the language of the people near adjoining... and by little and little acquaint themselves with their manner and so with discretion and mildness distill into their purged minds the sweet and lively lines of the gospel: Otherwise for preachers to run unto them rashly without some such preparation for their safety, it [might lead to] their apparent and certain destruction..."

• The excerpt above provides support for th B) European exploration and conquest were fueled by a desire for new sources of wealth, increased power and status, and converts to Christianity. "This western discovery will be greatly for the enlargement of the gospel of Christ whereunto the princes of the reformed religion are chiefly bound... Then it is necessary for the salvation of those poor people who have sat so long in darkness and in the shadow of death that preachers should be sent unto them.... Now the means to send such as shall labor effectually in this business is by planting one or two colonies of our nation upon that firm [land], where they may remain in safety, and first learn the language of the people near adjoining... and by little and little acquaint themselves with their manner and so with discretion and mildness distill into their purged minds the sweet and lively lines of the gospel: Otherwise for preachers to run unto them rashly without some such preparation for their safety, it [might lead to] their apparent and certain destruction..."
• Which of the following effects of European C) Pueblo Indians' 1680 rebellion against Spanish rule "This western discovery will be greatly for the enlargement of the gospel of Christ whereunto the princes of the reformed religion are chiefly bound... Then it is necessary for the salvation of those poor people who have sat so long in darkness and in the shadow of death that preachers should be sent unto them.... Now the means to send such as shall labor effectually in this business is by planting one or two colonies of our nation upon that firm [land], where they may remain in safety, and first

learn the language of the people near adjoining... and by little and little acquaint themselves with their manner and so with discretion and mildness distill into their purged minds the sweet and lively lines of the gospel: Otherwise for preachers to run unto them rashly without some such preparation for their safety, it [might lead to] their apparent and certain destruction..."

• The excerpt was written within the context B) Protestant Reformation. "This western discovery will be greatly for the enlargement of the gospel of Christ whereunto the princes of the reformed religion are chiefly bound... Then it is necessary for the salvation of those poor people who have sat so long in darkness and in the shadow of death that preachers should be sent unto them.... Now the means to send such as shall labor effectually in this business is by planting one or two colonies of our nation upon that firm [land], where they may remain in safety, and first learn the language of the people near adjoining... and by little and little acquaint themselves with their manner and so with discretion and mildness distill into their purged minds the sweet and lively lines of the gospel: Otherwise for preachers to run unto them rashly without some such preparation for their safety, it [might lead to] their apparent and certain destruction..."
• Which of the following continuities presen C) prevalence of the belief in the superiority of white culture The image above shows the direct effects of A) the Atlantic slave trade. B) mercantilism. C) the Columbian Exchange. D) the encomienda system. C) the Columbian Exchange. The image shown above provides evidence for the argument that A) the arrival of Europeans in the Western Hemisphere in the 15th and 16th centuries triggered extensive demographic changes on both sides of the Atlantic. B) the spread of maize cultivation throughout the Americas supported economic development and social diversification among native societies in these areas. C) new crops fromt he Americas stimulated European population growth, while new sources of mineral wealth facilitated the European shift from feudalism to capitalism.

D) the encomienda system of labor used in the Spanish colonies was gradually replaced by the use of African slavery and indentured servitude. A) the arrival of Europeans in the Western Hemisphere in the 15th and 16th centuries triggered extensive demographic changes on both sides of the Atlantic. The image was most likely produced in the context of A) the establishment of the Native American reservation system. B) European conquest of the Americas. C) the influenza epidemic that occurred near the end of World War I. D) the removal of Cherokee and other tribes from their land in Georgia. B) European conquest of the Americas. "Unquestionably, one of [the Pueblo] revolt's dimensions was religious... Backed by armed force and not reluctant to use the whip, Catholic missionaries had set out to destroy the ancestral Pueblo world in every respect, including what people could believe and how they could marry, work, live their lives, and pray. When the rebels could capture Franciscan priests, they killed them, sometimes after torturing them. They destroyed Catholic images, tore down mission churches, and defiled the vessels of the Catholic Mass. They put an end to marriages on Christian terms. They restored the kivas where Pueblo men had honored their ancestral Kachinas. With Catholic symbols and Spanish practices gone, the Pueblos set out to restore the lives their ancestors had lived. The Spanish return in 1692 was a military conquest... but it did not lead to a full restoration of their authority, due in part to the Spanish themselves. Secu D) King Philip's War "Unquestionably, one of [the Pueblo] revolt's dimensions was religious... Backed by armed force and not reluctant to use the whip, Catholic missionaries had set out to destroy the ancestral Pueblo world in every respect, including what people could believe and how they could marry, work, live their lives, and pray. When the rebels could capture Franciscan priests, they killed them, sometimes after torturing them. They destroyed Catholic images, tore down mission churches, and defiled the vessels of the Catholic Mass. They put an end to marriages on Christian terms. They restored the kivas where Pueblo men had honored their ancestral Kachinas. With Catholic symbols and Spanish practices gone, the Pueblos set out to restore the lives their ancestors had lived.

The Spanish return in 1692 was a military conquest... but it did not lead to a full restoration of their authority, due in part to the Spanish themselves. Secu C) Bartolomeo de las Casas "Unquestionably, one of [the Pueblo] revolt's dimensions was religious... Backed by armed force and not reluctant to use the whip, Catholic missionaries had set out to destroy the ancestral Pueblo world in every respect, including what people could believe and how they could marry, work, live their lives, and pray. When the rebels could capture Franciscan priests, they killed them, sometimes after torturing them. They destroyed Catholic images, tore down mission churches, and defiled the vessels of the Catholic Mass. They put an end to marriages on Christian terms. They restored the kivas where Pueblo men had honored their ancestral Kachinas. With Catholic symbols and Spanish practices gone, the Pueblos set out to restore the lives their ancestors had lived. The Spanish return in 1692 was a military conquest... but it did not lead to a full restoration of their authority, due in part to the Spanish themselves. Secu D) declining power of Spain in the 17th century. "Unquestionably, one of [the Pueblo] revolt's dimensions was religious... Backed by armed force and not reluctant to use the whip, Catholic missionaries had set out to destroy the ancestral Pueblo world in every respect, including what people could believe and how they could marry, work, live their lives, and pray. When the rebels could capture Franciscan priests, they killed them, sometimes after torturing them. They destroyed Catholic images, tore down mission churches, and defiled the vessels of the Catholic Mass. They put an end to marriages on Christian terms. They restored the kivas where Pueblo men had honored their ancestral Kachinas. With Catholic symbols and Spanish practices gone, the Pueblos set out to restore the lives their ancestors had lived. The Spanish return in 1692 was a military conquest... but it did not lead to a full restoration of their authority, due in part to the Spanish themselves. Secu B) native peoples in the Americas strove to maintain their political and cultural autonomy in the face of European challenges to their independence and core beliefs.

What was the first permanent English settlement in North America? A) Plymouth B) Jamestown C)New Amsterdam D) St. Augustine B) Jamestown Which of the following was NOT a primary reason for the British colonizing North America? A) to find gold, silver, and other natural resources B) to bring Catholicism to the Native Americans C) to establish a safe haven for British shipping in the North Atlantic D) to establish a location to send Britain's unemployed B) to bring Catholicism to the Native Americans Why did Jamestown struggle so much in the early years? A) location left the colonist open to mosquito and water born diseases B) lack of consistent strong leadership C) lack of preparation resulted in starvation D) all of the above D) all of the above What crop was introduced into the Jamestown Colony to help make it more economically viable? A) cotton B) rice C) indigo D) tobacco D) tobacco How did the Second Continental Congress decide to handle the British? A) They would create the Continental Army to fight the British. B) They would pay George Washington to negotiate with the British. C) They would mint a new currency to pay off the British. D) They would gather foreign allies to help attack the British.

A) They would create the Continental Army to fight the British. Why did thousands of African-American slaves sign on with the British Army? A) George Washington would not pay them for service to the revolutionary army. B) The British offered freedom to any slave who served in their army. C) British forces were better trained and equipped than American forces. D) British forces pledged to put an end to the institution of slavery in America. B) The British offered freedom to any slave who served in their army. Which of the following was NOT a significant factor in the American victory? A) German and British support B) skilled leadership C) Geography D) help from France and Spain A) German and British support Which country was the first to sign a treaty of alliance with the United States? A) the Netherlands B) Spain C) Poland D) France D) France Which of the following marked the official end of the American Revolution? A) Congressional approval of the Treaty of Paris B) the 1782 peace talks in Paris C) the Battle of Yorktown D) the Battle of Cowpens A) Congressional approval of the Treaty of Paris What was the main issue debated during the Second Continental Congress? A) whether to seek a peaceful or violent solution B) how to plan a surprise attack against Britain

C) how to convert more colonists to the Patriot cause D) whether foreign allies would be beneficial A) whether to seek a peaceful or violent solution Whose name has come to mean "traitor?" A) Nathanael Greene B) Benedict Arnold C) Charles Cornwallis D) Francis Marion B) Benedict Arnold Which of these was not a result of the 1783 Treaty of Paris? A) America's borders were set. B) The war was officially over. C) The colonies became the United States of America. D) Land west of the thirteen colonies was given to France. D) Land west of the thirteen colonies was given to France. Americans who remained loyal to Great Britain were called Loyalists or A) Patriots. B) Tories. C) Britain's Fools. D) Separatists. B) Tories. Which Revolutionary War action was NOT fought west of the Appalachian Mountains? A) Cahokia B) Kaskaskia C) Camden D) Vincennes C) Camden

Who were the Sons of Liberty? A) a society of colonists who did not wish to break from Britain B) a group of patriots who protested British laws C) a society of scholars who wrote pamphlets D) a group of diplomats who tried to gain foreign support B) a group of patriots who protested British laws Why was the winter at Valley Forge such a difficult time for the Continental Army? A) The army lacked protection and supplies. B) The army began to turn against the revolution. C) The army lost several important battles. D) The army refused to drill and train. A) The army lacked protection and supplies. Where did the Patriot forces endure a winter of terrible suffering? A) Valley Forge B) Philadelphia C) Saratoga D) Yorktown C) Saratoga Who was defeated by Washington's forces in Trenton? A) British soldiers based in Princeton B) Hessians fighting for German control of the colonies C) Native Americans allied with Britain D) German mercenaries who were fighting for the British D) German mercenaries who were fighting for the British The words "all men are created equal" originally benefited primarily A) white males and freed African Americans. B) white males and white females. C) white, male property owners. D) southern white males.

C) white, male property owners. Which of the following made the greatest contribution to the American victory at Yorktown? A) guerrilla attacks led by Francis Marion B) the aid of the French fleet C) the discovery that Benedict Arnold was a traitor D) General Greene's leadership B) the aid of the French fleet When the Minutemen faced the British Redcoats at the start of the Battle of Lexington, why did their captain yell, "Don't fire unless fired upon"? A) He wanted to hear the "shot heard round the world." B) He wanted to defend against attack, not start a war. C) He wanted to reserve ammunition for future conflicts. D) He wanted to lure his enemies peaceably back to Boston. B) He wanted to defend against attack, not start a war. What effect did Thomas Paine's pamphlet Common Sense have on colonial leaders? A) It caused them to reject Enlightenment ideas. B) It inspired them to challenge British authority. C) It explained to them the good sense of monarchy. D) It persuaded them to modify British laws. B) It inspired them to challenge British authority. Why was the Battle of Saratoga a turning point for the Patriots? A) The Patriots realized they did not need foreign allies. B) The Patriots saved the army from losing enlisted men. C) The Patriots got a Prussian to train the Continental Army. D) The Patriots gained the support of France and Spain. D) The Patriots gained the support of France and Spain.

The Hessians main goal for winning the war was A) land. B) freedom. C) money. D) citizenship. C) money. Why was the phrase "taxation without representation" so important to the revolutionary cause? A) Colonists did not wish to support a government in which they had no voice. B) Great Britain would have ended taxation if colonists had kept the peace. C) Colonists believed that Great Britain should only tax certain items. D) Great Britain only taxed the colonists to force them into war. A) Colonists did not wish to support a government in which they had no voice. Why was the Battle of Saratoga important? A) It lifted Patriot spirits and Europe that Americans could win. B) It proved that colonists were no match for British troops. C) It inspired Native Americans to support the Patriots. D) It convinced France to maintain neutrality. A) It lifted Patriot spirits and Europe that Americans could win. What was the main purpose of the Declaration? a. to set forth the structure of the United States government b. to declare the separation of the United States from Britain c. to declare the rights of the individual d. to list complaints against King George III b. to declare the separation of the United States from Britain Use the information in the cause and effect chart above to answer the question. Which of the following did France not send to help the Americans in the Revolutionary War? A) soldiers

B) ships C) slaves C) slaves Let us not deceive ourselves, sir. These are the implements of war and subjugation; the last arguments to which kings resort. I ask, gentlemen, sir, what means this martial array, if its purpose be not to force us to submission? Can gentlemen assign any other possible motive for it? Has Great Britain any enemy, in this quarter of the world, to call for all this accumulation of navies and armies? Let us not, I beseech you, sir, deceive ourselves. Sir, we have done everything that could be done, to avert thestorm which is now coming on. We have petitioned; we have remonstrated; we have supplicated; we have prostrated ourselves before the throne, and have implored its interposition to arrest the tyrannical hands of the ministry and Parliament. Our petitions have been slighted; our remonstrances have produced additional violence and insult; our supplications have been disregarded; and we have been spurned, with contempt, A) The Declaration of Independence Let us not deceive ourselves, sir. These are the implements of war and subjugation; the last arguments to which kings resort. I ask, gentlemen, sir, what means this martial array, if its purpose be not to force us to submission? Can gentlemen assign any other possible motive for it? Has Great Britain any enemy, in this quarter of the world, to call for all this accumulation of navies and armies? Let us not, I beseech you, sir, deceive ourselves. Sir, we have done everything that could be done, to avert thestorm which is now coming on. We have petitioned; we have remonstrated; we have supplicated; we have prostrated ourselves before the throne, and have implored its interposition to arrest the tyrannical hands of the ministry and Parliament. Our petitions have been slighted; our remonstrances have produced additional violence and insult; our supplications have been disregarded; and we have been spurned, with contempt, C) British military presence in New England Let us not deceive ourselves, sir. These are the implements of war and subjugation; the last arguments to which kings resort. I ask, gentlemen, sir, what means this martial array, if its purpose be not to force us to submission? Can gentlemen assign any other possible motive for it? Has Great Britain any enemy, in this quarter of the world, to call for all this accumulation of navies and armies? Let us not, I beseech you, sir, deceive ourselves. Sir, we have done everything that could be done, to avert thestorm which

is now coming on. We have petitioned; we have remonstrated; we have supplicated; we have prostrated ourselves before the throne, and have implored its interposition to arrest the tyrannical hands of the ministry and Parliament. Our petitions have been slighted; our remonstrances have produced additional violence and insult; our supplications have been disregarded; and we have been spurned, with contempt, C) Self-government Let us not deceive ourselves, sir. These are the implements of war and subjugation; the last arguments to which kings resort. I ask, gentlemen, sir, what means this martial array, if its purpose be not to force us to submission? Can gentlemen assign any other possible motive for it? Has Great Britain any enemy, in this quarter of the world, to call for all this accumulation of navies and armies? Let us not, I beseech you, sir, deceive ourselves. Sir, we have done everything that could be done, to avert thestorm which is now coming on. We have petitioned; we have remonstrated; we have supplicated; we have prostrated ourselves before the throne, and have implored its interposition to arrest the tyrannical hands of the ministry and Parliament. Our petitions have been slighted; our remonstrances have produced additional violence and insult; our supplications have been disregarded; and we have been spurned, with contempt, B) British efforts to shrink a budget deficit after the French and Indian War "These colonies ought to regard the act with abhorrence. For who are a free people? Not those over whom government is reasonably and equitably exercised but those who live under a government, so constitutionally checkedand controlled, that proper provision is made against its being otherwiseexercised. The late act is founded on the destruction of constitutional security.... In short, if they have a right to levy a tax of one pennyupon us, they have a right to levy a millionupon us. For where does that right stop?...To use the words of Mr. Locke, 'What property have we in that, which another may, by rights take, when he pleases, to himself?'...Weare therefore—I speak it with grief—I speak with indignation—we are slaves."

• The passage above was written in response to A) calls for a stronger central government. B) British efforts to tax the colonies. C) debates over the issue of slavery. D) the perceived corruption of

B) British efforts to tax the colonies. "These colonies ought to regard the act with abhorrence. For who are a free people? Not those over whom government is reasonably and equitably exercised but those who live under a government, so constitutionally checkedand controlled, that proper provision is made against its being otherwiseexercised. The late act is founded on the destruction of constitutional security.... In short, if they have a right to levy a tax of one pennyupon us, they have a right to levy a millionupon us. For where does that right stop?...To use the words of Mr. Locke, 'What property have we in that, which another may, by rights take, when he pleases, to himself?'...Weare therefore—I speak it with grief—I speak with indignation—we are slaves."

• Which of the following historical developments most directly precipitated the conditions leading to the argument in the passage above? A) The growth of the Atlantic economy during the 18th century B C) The large British debt incurred from the Seven Years' Ward. "These colonies ought to regard the act with abhorrence. For who are a free people? Not those over whom government is reasonably and equitably exercised but those who live under a government, so constitutionally checkedand controlled, that proper provision is made against its being otherwiseexercised. The late act is founded on the destruction of constitutional security.... In short, if they have a right to levy a tax of one pennyupon us, they have a right to levy a millionupon us. For where does that right stop?...To use the words of Mr. Locke, 'What property have we in that, which another may, by rights take, when he pleases, to himself?'...Weare therefore—I speak it with grief—I speak with indignation—we are slaves."
• Which group would most likely have supported the sentiments expressed in the passage above? A) Loyalists in the 1770s and 1780s B) Backcountry rebels in the 1780s and 1790s C) Whigs in the 1830s and B) Backcountry rebels in the 1780s and 1790s "SECTION 1...If any persons shall unlawfully combine or conspire together, with intent to oppose any measure or measures of the government of the United States..., or to impede the operation of any law of the United States, or to intimidate or prevent any person holding...office in or under the

government of the United States, from undertaking, performing or executing his trust or duty, and if any person or persons, with intent as aforesaid, shall counsel, advise or attempt to procure any insurrection,riot, unlawful assembly, or combination..., he or they shall be deemed guilty of a high misdemeanor, and on conviction...shall be punished by a fine not exceeding five thousand dollars, and by imprisonment during a term not less than six months nor exceeding five years...SECTION 2...If any person shall write, print, utter or publish, or shall cause or procure to be written, printed, uttered or published..., any false, s C) bitter political debates of the 1790s. "SECTION 1...If any persons shall unlawfully combine or conspire together, with intent to oppose any measure or measures of the government of the United States..., or to impede the operation of any law of the United States, or to intimidate or prevent any person holding...office in or under the government of the United States, from undertaking, performing or executing his trust or duty, and if any person or persons, with intent as aforesaid, shall counsel, advise or attempt to procure any insurrection,riot, unlawful assembly, or combination..., he or they shall be deemed guilty of a high misdemeanor, and on conviction...shall be punished by a fine not exceeding five thousand dollars, and by imprisonment during a term not less than six months nor exceeding five years...SECTION 2...If any person shall write, print, utter or publish, or shall cause or procure to be written, printed, uttered or published..., any false, s D) A Democratic Republican "SECTION 1...If any persons shall unlawfully combine or conspire together, with intent to oppose any measure or measures of the government of the United States..., or to impede the operation of any law of the United States, or to intimidate or prevent any person holding...office in or under the government of the United States, from undertaking, performing or executing his trust or duty, and if any person or persons, with intent as aforesaid, shall counsel, advise or attempt to procure any insurrection,riot, unlawful assembly, or combination..., he or they shall be deemed guilty of a high misdemeanor, and on conviction...shall be punished by a fine not exceeding five thousand dollars, and by imprisonment during a term not less than six months nor exceeding five years...SECTION 2...If any person shall write, print, utter or publish, or shall cause or procure to be written, printed, uttered or published..., any false, s A) British laws passed after the end of the Seven Years' War.