ARDMS Abdomen Board Exam Questions and Answers, Exams of Nursing

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ARDMS ABDOMEN BOARD EXAM QUESTIONS WITH

COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS

The normal AP dimension of the aorta lumen should not exceed

• ANSWER - >3 cm the celiac trunk is the first _____ branch of the aorta - ANSWER

• anterior the celiac trifurcates into...? - ANSWER - >the common hepatic artery the left gastric artery the splenic artery the gastroduodenal artery is a branch of the...? - ANSWER - >the common hepatic artery

this artery branches off the anterior aspect of the aorta and travels vertically anterior and parallel to the aorta - ANSWER -

the superior mesenteric artery which renal artery has a more complicated course? - ANSWER - the right renal artery an arterial disease in which the vessel wall loses its elasticity and becomes hardened - ANSWER - >arteriosclerosis dilatation of a segment of a vessel wall caused by a weakness of all three layers of the vessel wall..? - ANSWER - >aneurysm majority of aneurysms are located below...? - ANSWER - >the level of the renal arteries the most common type of a true aneurysm is...? - ANSWER - fusiform

Lobe the liver is almost completely covered by... - ANSWER -

Glisson's Capsule arrange these in order from most echogenic to least echogenic: pancreas, spleen, renal medullary pyramids, liver, renal sinus, renal cortex - ANSWER - >renal sinus > pancreas > liver > or = spleen > renal cortex > renal medullary pyramids the liver is composed of three lobes... - ANSWER - >left lobe, right lobe, caudate lobe the middle hepatic vein divides the liver into ... - ANSWER - right lobe and left lobe the right hepatic vein divides the... - ANSWER - >right lobe into anterior and posterior segments

the left hepatic vein divides the... - ANSWER - >left lobe into medial and lateral segments these veins drain blood from the caudate lobe - ANSWER - >the right and left hepatic veins the ligamentum venosum divides the... - ANSWER - >caudate lobe and the left lobe the ligamentum teres divides the... - ANSWER - >left lobe into medial and lateral segments the falciform ligament divides the ... - ANSWER - >right and left lobe the coronary ligament connects the liver to... - ANSWER - >the diaphragm

diffuse hepatocellular disease accumulation of fat within the hepatocytes... - ANSWER - >fatty liver diffuse inflammatory process of the liver - ANSWER - >acute hepatitis diffuse fibrotic process that involves the entire liver.. - ANSWER

• cirrhosis autosomal recessive liver disorder of carbohydrate metabolism.... - ANSWER - >glycogen storage disease portal vein is considered enlarged if it measures over...? - ANSWER - >13mm obstruction of the hepatic veins caused by thrombosis or compression from a liver mass is known as..? - ANSWER - Budd-Chiari Syndrome

the gallbladder wall should not exceed... - ANSWER - >3 mm the gallbladder is divided into three segments called..? - ANSWER - >neck, body, fundus where are the spiral valves of Heister located? - ANSWER - >in the cystic duct the three functions of the gallbladder: - ANSWER - >concentrate bile, store bile, transport bile what hormone causes the gallbladder to contract? - ANSWER -

cholecystokinin (CCK) a fold or septum on the posterior wall between the body and neck is called? - ANSWER - >Junctional Fold fold located in the fundal portion of the gallbladder? - ANSWER

• phrygian cap

the common bile duct should not exceed... - ANSWER - >8 mm the most common fatal liver disorder in children - ANSWER -

biliary atresia genetic trait characterized by a segmental saccular dilatation of the intrahepatic ducts that leads to bile stasis, bacterial growth, abscesses, cholangitis, formation of stones, and decreased liver function caused by the compression of the hepatocytes is called? - ANSWER - >Caroli's Disease inflammation of the biliary tract caused by bacterial infection of the biliary tract - ANSWER - >cholangitis stones in the common bile duct - ANSWER - >choledocholithiasis inflammation and fibrosis of bile duct commonly associated with intrahepatic calculi complications is called.. - ANSWER - sclerosing cholangitis

this is caused by the absence of blood supply to the gallbladder? - ANSWER - >Gangrene of the Gallbladder a shotgun sign is seen when... - ANSWER - >bile ducts are dilated carcinoma that arises at the union of the right and left hepatic ducts... - ANSWER - >klatskin tumor the head of the pancreas is ______ to the inferior vena cava and the right renal vein - ANSWER - >anterior the common bile duct is in the __________ _________ margin of the pancreatic head - ANSWER - >posterior lateral the ________ artery may be visualized at the anterior lateral margin of the pancreatic head - ANSWER - >gastro-duodenal tongue-like extension of the pancreatic neck - ANSWER -

true or false, the duct of wirsung and the duct of santorini enter the duodenum together - ANSWER - >false true of false, the pancreas has endocrine and exocrine functions - ANSWER - >true what are the three different types of cells within the islet cells of Langerhans - ANSWER - >alpha, beta, delta which cells secrete insulin? - ANSWER - >beta which cells secrete glucagon? - ANSWER - >alpha which cells secrete somatostatin - ANSWER - >delta the exocrine function of the pancreas secretes these enzymes that aid in digestion - ANSWER - >amylase, lipase, trypsin diffuse inflammatory process of the pancreas - ANSWER -

pancreatitis

this form of pancreatitis occurs when the pancreas goes through inflammatory changes and interstitial edema - ANSWER - >edematous this form of pancreatitis occurs when there is a rapid progression of the disease caused by autodigestion of the pancreatic tissue, which causes area of fat necrosis - ANSWER -

hemorrhagic form of pancreatitis where inflammation can extend outside the pancreas - ANSWER - >phlegmonous encapsulated pancreatic enzymes that are commonly found in the lesser sac? - ANSWER - >pseudocyst the spleen is a part of the ________ system - ANSWER - reticuloendothelial

ANSWER - >the kidneys renal dysfunction will cause this lab value to be elevated - ANSWER - >serum creatinine this lab value is elevated when acute or chronic renal disease is present, urinary obstruction, decreased with overhydration, liver failure, pregnancy - ANSWER - >Blood Urea Nitrogen least common and most fatal autosomal recessive, more common in females, bilateral echogenic enlarged kidneys with cysts - ANSWER - >infantile polycystic kidney disease (IPKD) or autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) autosomal dominant disease, relatively frequent, may be latent for years and not show symptoms until 4th decade, decreasing renal function, hypertension, flank pain, bilateral large kidneys with randomly distributed cortical cysts of various sizes, kidneys loose shape in advanced stages - ANSWER - >adult polycystic

kidney disease (APKD) or autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) kidneys inability to filter metabolites from the blood resulting in decreased renal function - ANSWER - >renal failure most common cause of acute renal failure, destruction of the tubular epithelial cells of the proximal and distal convoluted tubules - ANSWER - >acute tubular necrosis most common disease of the urinary tract, and the combination of parenchymal, caliceal, and pelvic inflammation - ANSWER -

pyelonephritis perinephric fluid collections commonly associated with transplanted kidneys - ANSWER - >hematoma, abscess, urinoma, lymphocele

this adrenal gland lies lateral to the right crus of the diaphragm

• ANSWER - >the right adrenal gland will the IVC be displaced if there is pathology present in the right adrenal gland - ANSWER - >yes true or false, the splenic vein will be displaced if there is pathology present in the left adrenal glad? - ANSWER - >true what are the three zones of the adrenal cortex from outer to inner - ANSWER - >zona glomerulosa, zona fasiculata, zona reticularis which zone of the adrenal cortex produces glucocorticoids - ANSWER - >zona fasiculata which zone of the adrenal cortex produces mineralcorticoids - ANSWER - >zona glomerulosa which zone of the adrenal cortex produces gonadocorticoids -

ANSWER - >zona reticularis the adrenal hormones are regulated by... - ANSWER -

adrenocorticotropic homones (ACTH) epinephrine and norepinephrine is produced by... - ANSWER - the adrenal medulla the 5 layers of the GI tract in order from inner to outer - ANSWER - >mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, serosa, mesothelium three part of the small intestine in order - ANSWER - duodenum, jejunum, and ileum the ascending colon into the transverse colon is called - ANSWER - >the hepatic flexure the transverse colon into the descending colon is called - ANSWER - >the splenic flexure