Army Health System Overview: Questions and Answers, Exams of Nursing

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Army Health System Overview

What is the Army Health System (AHS) doctrinal reference? - correct answers FM 4- How does Army Medicine view threats? (two perspectives) - correct answers 1. General threat

2. Health threat What is a health threat? - correct answers -composite of ongoing potential enemy actions -adverse environmental, occupational, and geographic and meteorological conditions -endemic and emerging diseases -employment of CBRN weapons (to include impacts to short-/long-term health [including psychological impact] to personnel) When is a health threat analyzed? - correct answers during the planning process of an operation in order to develop the Health Service Support (HSS)/Force Health Protection (FHP) What are the six areas health threats are analyzed? - correct answers -Injuries -Diseases _occupational and Environment Health (OEH) hazards -Poisonous or toxic flora and fauna -Medical effects of weapons -Physiological and psychological stressors What is Health Service Support (HSS)? - correct answers -Defined as all support and services performed, provided, and arranged, by Army Medicine to promote, improve, conserve, or restore the behavioral and physical well-being of personnel in the Army. -Encompasses three components: Patient care, medical evacuation, medical logistics (MEDLOG)

What does Patient Care encompass (in terms of Health Service Support)? - correct answers Medical treatment (including the treatment of chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear [CBRN] patients), hospitalization, treatment aspects of dental care, behavioral health/neuropsychiatric treatment and clinical laboratory services What does Medical Evacuation encompass (in terms of HSS)? - correct answers Includes medical regulating and en route care What does Medical Logistics (MEDLOG) encompass (in terms of HSS)? - correct answers Including all functional subcomponents and services What is Force Health Protection (FHP)? - correct answers -Defined as the measures to promote, improve, or conserve the mental and physical well-being of Soldiers -These measures enable a health and fit force, prvent injury and illness, and protect the force from health hazards and includes PREVENTATIVE ASPECTS of a number of Army Medicine functions -FHP encompass: Operational Public Health, VETERINARY SERVICES (including food inspection and prevention of zoonotic diseases), Combat Operational Stress Control (COSC), Dental services (preventative dentistry), Laboratory services and support What is the Army Health System (AHS)? - correct answers All-encompassing term to describe both HSS and FHP aspects of Army Medicine support What is TC3? - correct answers Tactical Combat Casualty Care includes three steps: 1) Care Under Fire,

2. Tactical Field Care, and 3) Tactical Evacuation What are the six principles of the Army Health System? Describe each principle - correct answers 1. Conformity: the medical plan is confirmed with the OPORD

2. Proximity: medical assets are at the right place at the right time
3. Flexibility: able to shift resources to meet changing requirements
4. Mobility: assets remain in supporting distance to maneuver units
5. Continuity: moving the patient through progressive, phased roles of care
6. Control: ensure that ascare resources are efficiently employed

What are the four roles of medical care? - correct answers Role 1: BN Aid Station and below Role 2: Medical company Role 3: Field hospital Role 4: Definitive care Describe the Role 1 - Battalion Aid Station and below - correct answers -Purpose: Immediate lifesaving measures -Provides: Self-aid, buddy aid, combat lifesaver -Personnel: Emergency Medical Treatment (EMT)/Advanced Trauma Managment (ATM), medic, physician, physician assistant -Capabilities: Immediate lifesaving measures, disease non-battle injury (DNBI), combat stress preventative measures, patient collection, medical evacuation from support units Describe the Role 2 - Medical Company - correct answers *Includes all capabilities of Role 1 plus: -Area support squad: X-ray, laboratory, dental support -Preventative medicine section -Patient hold (Return-to-duty up to 72hrs) -Advanced Trauma Management -Behavioral health section -Physical therapy -Brigade Medical Supply Office (BMSO) - Med Log -Medical evacuation -Limited pharmacy (packed red blood cells - liquid) *Units: Brigade Support Medical Company (BSMC), Medical Company Area Support (MCAS) Describe the Role 3 - Field Hospital - correct answers *Includes all capabilities of Role 2 plus: -Resuscitation, initial wound surgery, damage control surgery, and post-operative treatment -Hospitalization -Medical regulating -Clinical services

*Patient processing: Patients expected to RTD provide convalescent care and rehab services; patients not expeted to RTD within theater evac policy are stabalized and evacuated to Role 4 facilities *Unit: Field Hospital Describe the Role 4 - Definitive Care - correct answers -Full spectrum of definitive medical care -CONUS or OCONUS safe havens (VA, National Disaster Medical System [NDMS], Civilian hospitals) What are the common attributes in all Roles of medical care? - correct answers -Treatment: higher units in the roles of medical care include the same and sometimes higher treatment capability -Evacuation: All roles of care evacuate patients to themselves; sequential evacuation (1->2->3->4) IS NOT necessary, and it is possible to evacuate patients from a Role 1 straight to a Role 3, etc. -Medical logistics: all carry a basic load of medical supplies -Command and control: all roles are synchronized and controlled by maneuver commanders on the advice of medical personnel (command surgeon and medical unit commander) What are some sources of diseases that are health threats? - correct answers -Endemic, emerging, epidemic, and pandemic -Foodborne -Fomites -Waterborne -Anthropodborne -Zoonotic -Breeding ground for vectors What are some sources of occupational environmental health hazards that are health threats? - correct answers -Climactic -Toxic industrial materials -Accidental or deliberate dispersion of chemical, biological, radiological material -Disruptuion of sanitation services/facilities -Effects of industrial operations and industrial and operational noise

What is a source of injuries that are health threats? - correct answers Musculoskeletal injuries What are some sources of poisonous or toxic flora and fauna that are health threats? - correct answers - Toxic poisonous plants, bacteria, and fungus -Poisonous reptiles, amphibians, arthropods, and animals What are some sources of medical effects of weapons that are health threats? - correct answers - Conventional (e.g. blast, TBI, concussion, etc.) -Improvised (e.g. explosive device) -Chemical biological, radiological, and nuclear warfare -Directed energy -Weapons of mass destruction -Thermal -Combined injury What are some sources of physiological and psychological stressors that are health threats? - correct answers -Continuous operations -Combat and operational stress reactions -Wear of mission-oriented protective posture ensemble -Stability tasks -Home front issues What are the four offensive tasks? - correct answers -Movement to Contact -Attack -Exploitation -Pursuit What are the three defensive tasks? - correct answers -Area Defense -Mobile Defense -Retrograde

What are the five stability tasks? - correct answers -Establish Civil Security (including security force assistance) -Establish Civil Control -Restore Essential Services -Support to Governance -Support to Economic and Infrastructure Development What are the four defense support of civil authorities tasks? - correct answers -Provide support for domestic disasters -Provide support for domestic CBRN incidents -Provide support for domestic civilian law enforcement agencies -Provide designated support Who is the special staff officer that plans and monitors execution of the AHS mission? - correct answers Command Surgeon What does the Command Surgeon do? - correct answers -Ensure all medical functions and medical operational planning factors are planned and synchronized in operation plans and orders -Has technical supervision of medical operations within the command but is not a commander (may recommend policy and procedures, but cannot give orders to subordinate units except through unit plans and orders)