ARRT TEST EXAM 2024/2025 WITH 100% ACCURATE SOLUTIONS, Exams of Nursing

Download ARRT TEST EXAM 2024/2025 WITH 100% ACCURATE SOLUTIONS and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! ARRT TEST EXAM 2024/2025 WITH 100% ACCURATE SOLUTIONS Main property of x-radiation that makes it potentially hazardous is its ability to?-Answer ✔✔Ionize Describe the damage potential of ionization?-Answer ✔✔Chain reaction in the human body that may eventually cause biologic damage. X-rays are from the Electric Magnetic Spectrum or radiation energy and is considered harmful in high energy ranges. What is the most likely potential hazard working with diagnostic radiology?-Answer ✔✔Carcinogenesis - Stochastic/Non-Threshold Effect .1 Rem = ? Seivert-Answer ✔✔1 Sievert 0.1 Gray = ? Rad-Answer ✔✔10 Rad 1 Gray = ? Rad-Answer ✔✔100 Rad What is Aplastic Anemia? When dose it occur?-Answer ✔✔All types of blood cells: Red & White 25 Rads A decrease in blood count is the earliest response seen to dose radiation. It can occur at dosease as low as?-Answer ✔✔25 Rads or .25 Gray What is Cataractogenesis?-Answer ✔✔Process of Cataract Formation Cataractogenesis occurs after acute or chronic exposures of how many Rads?-Answer ✔✔200 Rads, 2 Gray Skin Eyrythemia (Skin Redning) occurs above?-Answer ✔✔Above 200 Rad, 2 Gray Temporary Sterility occurs in the adult male at acute doses of how many Rads?-Answer ✔✔250 Rads, 2.5 Gray Pregnant radiographer should? (3)-Answer ✔✔Always practice TDS Has legal right for re-assignment of duty Never confuse collar badge with waist badge Monthly dosimetry reports is based on what?-Answer ✔✔OCCUPATIONAL exposures only. Monthly Dosimeter reports does NOT include?-Answer ✔✔Natural or Background Radiation What is the recommended monthly dose-equivalent limit for the fetus in the third trimester?-Answer ✔✔0.5 mSv .05 Rem NRCP 116 The type of personnel monitor that could be worn the longest is the?- Answer ✔✔OSD Optical stimulated detector can be worn up to?-Answer ✔✔3 months and be sensitive to 2 mR Leakage radiation should NOT exceed how much mR at 1 meter from the scource?-Answer ✔✔100 mR per hr 0.1 Rad per hr NCRP 102 According to Bushong, tabletop intensity should NOT exceed what?- Answer ✔✔2.1 mR per min for each mA operating at 80 kVp. Under normal modes of operation, fluoroscopic procedures should NOT exceed?-Answer ✔✔10 Renkens per min. What does GSD stand for?-Answer ✔✔Genetic Significant Dose What is GSD?-Answer ✔✔Average gonadal dose received by an exposed population. It is used to estimate the genetic impact of medical radiation dose on the entire population. Beam limiting devices will? (3)-Answer ✔✔Improve image quality Reduce patient dose Reduce scatter radiation The purpose of reducing added filtration is to reduce radiation dose to?- Answer ✔✔Patients skin Recommended amount of filtration in Fluoro?-Answer ✔✔3 mm Al Equivalent Disadvantage to having 3 mm Al Equivalent?-Answer ✔✔Would require an increase in technical factors defeating the purpose of filtration. What is the usual amount of filtration in Fluoro?-Answer ✔✔2.5 mm Al Equivalent What effect does excessive filtration have on xray image?-Answer ✔✔Reduced contrast of grid lines per inch or centimeter defines?-Answer ✔✔Grid Frequency For all dedicated chest units whose tube potential routinely exceeds 90 kVp, the minimum recommended grid ratio is?-Answer ✔✔8:1 Techniques below or at 90 kVp would utilize what grid ratio?-Answer ✔✔8:1 Techniques above 90 kVp would utilize what grid ratio?-Answer ✔✔12:1 What is the ratio of a grid whose lead strips are 0.25 mm thick, 1.6 mm high and are seperated by a 0.10 mm alluminum spacer?-Answer ✔✔16:1 grid During latent image formation, the concentration of metallic silver in the exposed crystals occurs in the region of the sensitivity specks. This explanation of the formation of the image is reffered to as?-Answer ✔✔Gurney-Mott theory What type of interactions cause ionization of irradiated material?- Answer ✔✔Photoelectric - Changes inner shell electrons Compton - Affects outer shell electrons Which of the following xray interactions with matter is primarily responsible for contrast?-Answer ✔✔Photoelectric effect Radiation produces at very discrete energies of approx 69 kiloelectron colts (kev) when electrons interact with the K shell of the tungsten target atom is called?-Answer ✔✔Characteristic Radiation Pair-Production affects what portion of the cell?-Answer ✔✔Nucleus. It does NOT cause ionization. What type of radiation would produce the greatest amount of biological damage in human tissue?-Answer ✔✔High LET's Whole body doses only need...?-Answer ✔✔Very low doses for cancer & genetic effects. What is a cutie pie?-Answer ✔✔Radiation survey monitor or it can be a hot personnel monitoring device. Reduction in resolution often seen with the use of higher tube currents in a single focus tube is a phenomenon called?-Answer ✔✔Blooming What type of exposure factors provide the least patient exposure?- Answer ✔✔Lowest kVp and lowest mAs would cause the lowest patient dose. What film change can be made to reduce the dose to the patient and surrounding radiographer?-Answer ✔✔Use higher speed screen w/ a comparable change in mAs Radiographing Lumbar vertebrae of a geriatric patient, what technique change could be made to reduce patient exposure but maintain significant density?-Answer ✔✔Increase kVp by 15% with a 50% reduction in mAs What should be considered when using AEC?-Answer ✔✔Proper selection of ionization chamber(s) Precise positioning over desired chambers NOT Proper selection time If using automatic exposure control (AEC) device to make an exposure, what would be adjusted to ensure proper optical density from pt to pt?- Answer ✔✔Set Field Detector's (Chambers) Set Density compensation (+1, +2...) NOT Set time! Where should ionization chambers be located if it is to be used as an efficient automatic exposure-Answer ✔✔Between the patient and the image receptor Underexposed radiograph produced by AEC device might result from?- Answer ✔✔Having insufficient backup time set for a very large patient Appearance of grid lines on radiograph with the table Bucky in use indicates?-Answer ✔✔Exposure time too short What would be used by tech to compensate for the caring densities of anatomic structures on a routine PA projection of the chest?-Answer ✔✔Trough Filter Using compression band will have what effect during the production of a radiograph?-Answer ✔✔Reduces scatter radiation Decreases radiographic contrast NOT reduces patient motion What radiographic procedure requires an image demonstrating a long scale of contrast?-Answer ✔✔Chest When using AEC w/ DR, selecting the center chamber on a PA radiogragh results in?-Answer ✔✔Appropriate density in the lungs As the field size is increased with all other factors remaining constant, the scale of contrast will?-Answer ✔✔Be lengthened What could decrease the production of scatter radiation?-Answer ✔✔Decrease in kVp Which of following pathological conditions would allow the x-ray beam to easily penetrate the pt?-Answer ✔✔Rheumatoid arthritis Which pathologic condition would require increase in technical factors?- Answer ✔✔Ascites What is Ascites?-Answer ✔✔Fluid in the peritoneal cavity What would affect shape distortion?-Answer ✔✔Tube Angulation If a radiograh demonstrates excessive size distortion, which of the following corrections should be made before repeating?-Answer ✔✔Increase SID Image noise can be decreased by?-Answer ✔✔Increasing xray dose In order to change the visibility of a digital image, lookup table (LUTs) alter the?-Answer ✔✔Pixel value Primary factor affecting brightness of fluoroscopic image?-Answer ✔✔Density of the anatomic part What QA tool would be used to evaluate mA output or pentrometer?- Answer ✔✔Solid-State Detector Minimum suggested schedule for testing lead aprons and gloves for adequate shielded?-Answer ✔✔Annually What Quality Control tool would be used to evaluate blurr?-Answer ✔✔Wire Mesh tool To ensure proper light field to radiation field alignment, the deflecting mirror must be at?-Answer ✔✔45 degree angle to x-ray beam What type of device would increase diagnostic quality of a radiograph of the dorso-plantar projection of the foot?-Answer ✔✔Wedge filter What test tool would be used to measure FSS?-Answer ✔✔Star Test Pattern What tool would be used to measure kVp accuracy?-Answer ✔✔Wisconsin test cassette or a solid state detector How would light and x-ray field alignment test be done?-Answer ✔✔Standard ruler test cassette or measure the light field w/ radio- opaque objects such as pennies. What minimum distance should the safe light be positioned above the processor shelf to avoid fogging of the radiograph?-Answer ✔✔3 feet Type of artifact will result on a radiograph from dirt or dust on an intensification screen?-Answer ✔✔Area of decreased film density An older x-ray tube that has evaporated tungsten deposited on the tube window may cause one or more of the following problems.-Answer ✔✔Decreased tube output Arcing of the tube Using Line Focus Principle images will enhance a side effect known as?-Answer ✔✔Anode Heel Effect What radiograph would benefit from the use of the anode heel affect?- Answer ✔✔AP Projection of the femur Contrast can be measured from the characteristic curve by finding the tangent of which of the following?-Answer ✔✔Straight line portion Pulling a sheet of film from the film bin/box will cause what type of static?-Answer ✔✔Tree Static Sensitometric measurements in a quality assurance program are?- Answer ✔✔The responses of film to exposure and processing Image brightness on a display monitor is adjusted by?-Answer ✔✔Window Level What could demonstrate off-focus grid cutoff?-Answer ✔✔Both sides of the film are underexposed A geometric characteristic of a computerized image is known as?- Answer ✔✔Spacial resolution If tech failed to correctly mark a radiograph that subsequently resulted in a faulty diagnosis, he or she may be guilty of a tort under the doctrine res ipsa loquitur which means?-Answer ✔✔The thing speaks for itself If a radiologist instructs you to inject a patient with a radiographic contrast medium and the patient collapses from anaphylactic shock, you may be protected from a lawsuit under the doctrine of respondeat superior which means?-Answer ✔✔Let the master speak for Touching the pt w/o permission is the legal definition of?-Answer ✔✔Battery Into which anatomical structure is the superior end of the T-Tube placed for performing postoperative cholangiography?-Answer ✔✔Common Bile Duct Which of the following imaging procedures would require formal informed consent?-Answer ✔✔Cardiac Catheterization If a pt scheduled an arthrogram sts that he/she has an allergy to an iodinated contrast media, what other imaging method could demonstrate the anatomy w/o putting the pt at risk?-Answer ✔✔MRI Reasons why lidocaine is often used in radiology dept?-Answer ✔✔Provide topical anesthetic for invasive procedures. Anatomic organ used for phonation is called the?-Answer ✔✔Larynx What is the central ray centering point for the RAO position of the esophagus?-Answer ✔✔T5-T6 Which of the following radiographs positions will demonstrate the duodenal bulb and loop in profile during a GI procedure?-Answer ✔✔RAO If a patient is scheduled for an UGI and a small bowel series, which of the radiographic contrast media would be contraindicated if a perforation is suspect.-Answer ✔✔Barium sulfate The radiographic contrast medium that absorbs more radiation than the organ in which it is instilled is called a (an)-Answer ✔✔Positive agent What type of contrast medium is acceptable for use with infants who have swallowing disorders or w/ adults who have suspected bronchoesophageal fistula?-Answer ✔✔Water based barium A patient develops hives several minutes after a radiologic contrast agent has been administered. Which type of drug may the patient be given to counteract the reaction?-Answer ✔✔Antihistamine Benadryle Claritan Sudafed Zyrtec A radiologist requires 60 percent more than the normal 50 cc dose of radiographic contrast media to be used for a urologic procedure. The cc's to be prepared is-Answer ✔✔80 cc's The plane of the body that divides the thorax into equal anterior and posterior parts is called?-Answer ✔✔Median Coronal Plane For which type of body habitus will the diaphragm be at the highest position?-Answer ✔✔Hypersthenic How much will the kidneys move when changing the patient position from recumbent to the erect position?-Answer ✔✔2" The ampulla of Vater empties its contents into the duodenum thru the structure called the?-Answer ✔✔Sphincter of Oddi Where should the contrast media be injected for a lumbar myelogram?- Answer ✔✔Subarachnoid space Adding two tsp of salt per liter of water used in an enema preparation may prevent?-Answer ✔✔Hypervolemia Which of the following pathologies are well visualized by the double contrast BE?-Answer ✔✔Polyps Which of the following positions would the patient be placed during insertion of an enema tip?-Answer ✔✔Simms Which of the following anatomic structures pumps oxygenated blood into the Aorta?-Answer ✔✔LT Ventricle Which of the following organs receives blood from the portal vein?- Answer ✔✔Liver If pt places back of the right hand against the RT thigh, the humerus will be in?-Answer ✔✔Lateral position What is the name of the process that extends superiorly from the scapula?-Answer ✔✔Acromion To better visualize the lateral thoracic spine, the patient should be instructed to?-Answer ✔✔Breath Quietly Anterior curvature of the vertebral column is called?-Answer ✔✔Lordosis Convexed Ex: Lumbar C-Spine How should the patient be instructed to breath for an AP position of the lower ribs?-Answer ✔✔Full expiration How should the patients hand be placed for a PA Projection of the rib so that the scapula are rotated away from the rib cage?-Answer ✔✔Back of the hands against the hips Which part of the rib articulated with the transverse process of the thoracic vertebrae?-Answer ✔✔Tubercle To demonstrate the apophaseal joints of the lumbar vertebrae with an AP projection, the pt rotation is?-Answer ✔✔45 degrees The RT SI jnt should be clearly demonstrated in which of the following?-Answer ✔✔LPO In the lateral position, how far posterior does the sacrum lie from the mid coronal plane?-Answer ✔✔3 inches What is the name of the opening thru which the spinal nerves pass after branching from the spinal chord?-Answer ✔✔Intervertebral foramen What is the name of the type of skull that is considered to be of average shape and size?-Answer ✔✔Mesocephalic MSP-Angle of petrous ridge/pyrimid = 47 degrees How many degrees of pt face rotation from the lateral for the single tube angulation of oxiolateral (Law) method of demonstrating the mastoid process?-Answer ✔✔15 degrees What radiographic base line should be parallel to the image receptor for a SMV projection of the paranasal sinuses?-Answer ✔✔IOML What is the name of the bony projection that extends superiorly from the cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone?-Answer ✔✔Crista Galli If the orbitalmeatal line is perpendicular to the film for an AP Axila (Grash.Townes) Projection of the skull, how much caudal angulation of the central ray requires-Answer ✔✔30 Degree How much must the pt be rotated from the horizontal plane to visualize the apophaseal joints of the thoracic vertebre?-Answer ✔✔70 degrees Which radiographic projection of the skull should clearly demonstrate all four sets of paranasal sinuses?-Answer ✔✔Lateral Which radiographic decubitus position preferred for demonstrating air fluid levels in the abdomen?-Answer ✔✔LT Lateral Decub A RT Lateral Decub is taken of a patient with the grid placed behind the patient. This is an example of a ...?-Answer ✔✔AP Projection What articulates with the medial cuneiform bone?-Answer ✔✔First Metatarsus What degree of central ray angulations should be used for the axial plantodorsal projection of the os-calcis?-Answer ✔✔40 Degrees The proper medical term for a collapsed lung is?-Answer ✔✔Atelectasis Where would a central line catheter be located?-Answer ✔✔Subclavian Vein Most common injury to a health care worker in the radiology department?-Answer ✔✔Lifting heavy objects Which of the following methods represents a means of transmitting a disease thru insect bites?-Answer ✔✔Vector