Art Test 3 Exam 1: Printmaking Techniques and History, Exams of Nursing

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ART TEST 3 Exam 1 updated

2024 with Correct Answers

Choose the word to fill in the blank, which best completes the sentence. When we see something that exists in real life, there are many different ways to display imagery and importance using art. What the artist _____________ depends on what he/she wants to communicate. a. emphasizes c. visualizes b. paints d. outlines - Answer a. emphasizes

Define printmaking. What are the two main types of printmaking? Define both types. - Answer Printmaking is the process of taking a design or image and adding ink to it to make a copy using a printing plate, a press, or a piece of paper. The two types of printmaking are relief printing and intaglio. Relief printing is done by outlining an image on a surface, and then carving along the outline. The artist then applies the raised areas with ink, to be pressed on to a surface. Intaglio is similar, but the ink is added to the grooves, rather than the raised surfaces. List and describe the tools used to make relief prints. - Answer The gouge is a triangular shaped printmaking tool used to produce a rounded line. Graves are also used for scraping out the wood. Another tool used is a knife. Some commonly used types of knives include: hangit (Japanese), mat, palette, and xacto. Leather pads, chalk, and brayers. Lastly, paper and ink is also used. Gouge is a triangular shaped printmaking tool used to produce a rounded line. A printing block that is used to create a black outline before the color is added, and usually has the most detail is a key block. A printing process where the artist cuts away an image from linoleum, a soft synthetic material is a linocut. This print was invented by Pablo Picasso. Essentially, this involves taking a synthetic material called linoleum, which we use a lot of times for things like kitchen floors, and we cut the design out of that and then we'll apply the ink the same way as with a woodblock and then press it on to something. A lot of artists criticize this as not being fine art because they don't feel like it has the same technique and difficulty that things like woodblock are engraving have. However, a lot of modern artists have use this to great effect. A device used to transfer an image is a press which is used to

make relief prints. Making a copy of an image using a printing plate, a press, and a piece of paper is print. A method of correlating color separation so that the colors line up correctly is called registration. Registration involves being very precise in measurement. A flat surface with layers of material cut away to create an image is relief printings. Technique in which images are carved on the surface of wooden blocks before being printed on paper is woodblock. Relief printmaking process in which an image is carved onto the surface of a wooden block by cutting away the parts that are not to be print How did the use of printmaking change the world of art? - Answer Printmaking allowed pieces of art to be shared with more than just the artist themselves. It allowed art to be reproduced and circulated both quickly and inexpensively. Printmaking allows artists to create multiple copies of their designs in a faster way. Artists like Picasso created linocut. Woodblock has been used for generations in China and later imported to Japan. Some of these are as old as thousands of years ago, but they really became popular in the 14th century and were later imported into Japan. Now, this is essentially where the artists will create what's called a key block, where they're carving away different parts on a block where they want the design to appear. It had changed the world by minimizing the work needed to create art. Explain the process of creating a linocut. How is it effective? Why is it criticized? - Answer A linocut is created by cutting away an image from linoleum, a soft synthetic material. It is effective because it creates images that are bold and

striking, in which the designs are highly contrasting. The process is critiqued because it is relatively simple to create and perfect, when comparing it to other techniques in art. This was invented by Pablo Picasso. Essentially, this involves taking a synthetic material called linoleum, which we use a lot of times for things like kitchen floors, and we cut the design out of that and then we'll apply the ink the same way as with a woodblock and then press it on to something. A lot of artists criticize this as not being fine art because they don't feel like it has the same technique and difficulty that things like woodblock are engraving have. However, a lot of modern artists have use this to great effect. And it's particularly well suited to things that have very bold, high contrast designs. Explain how woodblock printing is done. Where, and when, did it originate? - Answer A technique in which images are carved on the surface of wooden blocks before being printed on paper is called woodblock. Woodblock printing was used in China, beginning as early as the fourteenth century. Woodblock printing is done using a keyblock. On the keyblock, the artist marks registration points so that they can line up the different blocks with the correct color. It originated in China and was popularized during the 14th century. These are woodcut or woodblock, wood engraving, and linocut. Now, a woodblock printing was used originally in China. Some of these are as old as thousands of years ago, but they really became popular in the 14th century and were later imported into Japan. Now, this is essentially where the artists will create what's called a key block, where they're carving away different parts on a block where they want the design to appear. And then what they do, is they have registration points on this key block so that

they can line up the different blocks that have the different colors applied. And so when the artist had different colors applied to the key block, he could line the block up in the same place each time to make sure that the right color got printed in the right place. Why must the artist choose his/her tools, products, and method carefully? Explain your answer. - Answer The tools, paper, ink, and method of relief printing will influence the final product and the effect it produces. Certain methods/techniques, tools, and products serve different purposes, whether it be detailed, color, design, etc. They choose their tools carefully to fit the mode of the medium that they will work on. They want to make sure that everything that they prepared including the approach, the tools and other factors fit well with what they are going to create. Every relief print needs different types of tools and methods to achieve certain art styles. Linocut is a relief print that needs to use linoleum. Gouges are used only to scrap out the wood and the surface. This tool may only be applied to certain methods. And we can also see leather pads, chalk, and important tools here like a palette knife and a brayer, which you would use to actually roll the ink over the surface of the piece of wood after you've made the engraving or carved out the shapes that you want. Woodblock printing originated in _______________ during the 14th century. a. United States

c. Japan b. China d. France - Answer b. China Wood engraving, like the example above, was perfected by which artist? a. Pablo Picasso c. Hanna Hock b. Murihead Bone d. Thomas Bewick - Answer d. Thomas Bewick

____________ is a device used to transfer an image. a. press c. brayer b. gouge d. relief - Answer a. press In this example of a woodblock print, the ________________, or chosen locations that ensure the colors align correctly, were likely placed in the corners by the artist. a. registration points c. brayers b. gouges

d. woodblocks - Answer a. registration points A keyblock is _____________________ a. a flat surface with layers of material cut away to create an image. b. used to create a black outline before the color is added. c. found on the surface of a wooden block where the carving is done. d. a triangular shaped printmaking tool used to produce a rounded line. - Answer b. used to create a black outline before the color is added. All of the following are examples of commonly used tools in relief printing, except which? a. lead

c. paper b. mat knife d. gouge - Answer a. lead When making an intaglio print, ________________ a. ink is added to the raised areas. b. the image's outline is always created with a gouge. c. ink is added to the engraved grooves. d. the image is cut into a synthetic surface known as linoleum. - Answer c. ink is added to the engraved grooves.

This print, created by Picasso, displays a bold, highly contrasting design, which is characteristic of ________________. a. intaglio c. linocut b. wood engraving d. woodblock printing - Answer c. linocut What tool is used to roll the ink over a piece of wood after the engraving has been done? a. brayer c. leather pad b. knife

d. gouge - Answer a. brayer ___________ is a printing process where the artist cuts away an image from a soft synthetic material. a. Woodcut c. Woodblock b. Wood engraving d. Linocut - Answer d. Linocut Define the term, advertisement. Look at the advertisements below. Which communicates most to you? Why? Advertisement 1:

Advertisement 2: - Answer Advertisement is a method of communication, whether through words or pictures, used in order to persuade the general public to consume or purchase a product or service. Advertisement can be defined as a method of communication used in order to persuade the general public to consume or purchase a product or service. The first picture/ illustration communicates more to me than the car advertisement. The first picture expresses a more comfortable and familiar tone. While the second advertisement delivers a business transaction feeling than a personal feeling which is more marketable to most audiences. Although, I know that putting your product as the focus of the commercial or advertisement is more forward but "dreams destination" sells. I think the graphics of the first advertisement is better as well. I think that the focus of the first advertisement is destinations and places you can bring the car unlike the second one. There is more thought and concept in the first advertisement besides the point that it also "paints a picture" and sells an idea. Examine the two advertisements above. In your opinion, is advertisement, like the two above, a form of art? Use terms and concepts from the lesson to support your opinion. - Answer Advertisement is a method of communication, whether through words or pictures, used in order to persuade the general public to consume or purchase a product or service. Yes, they are forms of art. Art is a tool express feelings, a message, etc. These advertisement use art as a way to sell a feeling. They are relating those feelings to their brand through art, which can be interpreted in different ways. We can see that the first ad is from Nike. In this lesson, we learned as advertisements but also a graphic design technique called

logo. A logo is defined as a symbol used as an identity for a company, idea, or service. The Nike logo is famous for the the phrase it is closely related to, JUST DO IT. An artistic and professional form of communication that focuses on the use of symbols and stylistic elements to convey a message is called a graphic design. There are simple symbolism but no aspects to individual creativeness. Look at the logo above. What company does it represent? How did you know? What do you recognize or see when you look at this logo that communicates to you the companies name? Try to use vocabulary words in your response. - Answer This is a logo, a symbol used as an identity for a company, idea, or service. It represents the coffee company, Starbucks. Starbucks has their logo everywhere that it has become so famous. They have also incorporated very distinct and distinguishable traits or elements. They have used Sanserif as the font. It is easily recognized because of its use of typography (words used in the logo). Typography is a technique in graphic design that is the art of using words in graphic design. The typeface along with the words themselves, are associated with Starbucks. Typeface refers to the font that someone is using. The color of green used adds to its recognition, as this color of green is now associated with Starbucks in many people's minds. The company is found in many locations worldwide, and the logo seen above is on most of their merchandise, which can be bought in their stores, or in the local supermarket. The logo already has the name of the company which is common to a lot of companies.

What is serigraphy and what is it primarily used for? Name the popular term for serigraphy. - Answer Serigraphy is a technique in which an image is transferred by forcing ink through fine mesh or silk. It is primarily used for making placing logos, images, or characters on Tshirts or other pieces of clothing. The commonly used term for serigraphy is silkscreen printing. This is especially popular for creating Tshirt designs. A lot of times these are created by silk screening where we have the screen over the front of the shirt and then we're actually applying the ink through the screen. So let's review what we've talked about in this lesson on graphic design. What is lithography? What is the history of lithography? What is it used for today?

• Answer Lithography is a printing medium using a stone press on which areas are made receptive to ink, while other areas are not. The word "litho" means stone, which relates to the use of the stone press. Today, lithography is mainly used in modern pop art and in printmaking. This comes from the term litho, which refers to stone. And that's because, when this technique was originally created, it was done by using a stone press in which areas of the medium were made receptive to ink. And this has been widely used in modern pop art, as well as in printmaking. The idea is that you're applying the material to the surface that makes ink react to it in certain places, but not in others. So the ink won't be deposited in a place where we do not want the design to appear. Answer the following question in 3-4 complete sentences.

Define the terms, symbol and logo. Think about how they are similar and/or different. - Answer A symbol is a picture, sign, or image that is used to represent an object, concept, or idea. A logo is an example of a symbol, that serves the specific purpose of representing a company, idea, or service. A logo may include words, images, or a combination. They are similar because they are both illustrations used to represent an idea, company, service, object, or concept. Many brands use logos like Starbucks, Nike, Adidas, Subaru, etc. Logos distinguish these brands, companies, etc. from other companies with similar ideas, products, objects, etc. Define the term, layout. Look at the image below. Describe the layout. Do you find it engaging? What draws you to it? Be specific in your descriptions and opinions. - Answer Layout is the overall plan for the appearance of the plan, which is designed to be interesting and draw people to it. Layout refers to the overall plan determining the appearance of a page or design. So you can think about a magazine cover or an advertisement. Layouts are typically designed in a specific way to affect consumer psychology. So when I walk through the store and I see this magazine, they have designed it, they have laid it out, in a specific way that is supposed to make it interesting to me, there's supposed to make me want to buy it. And so if you look at things like advertisements, you need to stop and ask yourself a question sometimes. Are they trying to manipulate the way that I understand this image? Are they putting people with these objects or with these products in a certain way that's supposed to make it interesting or exciting to me? The chance is, more often than not, people are manipulating layout in order to try

to create a specific impression in your mind. I personally find it intriguing because the use of color theory. The colors compliment each other. The illustrations are also enticing. The typeface is probably Sanserif. Typeface kind of refers to the font that someone is using. If you've ever used a computer, you know that you can choose a different font. It can be pretty engaging especially because of the big, bold letters with intriguing titles. Typeface distinguishes artists from other artists and their work. The warplanes is what draws me to the layout because it is in the middle and largest figure in the layout. Imagine you are creating an advertisement and its layout. List answers for the following questions:

1. What are you advertising?
2. What type(s) of advertisement(s) would be most effective? (ex: magazine, television, etc.)
3. What symbols or words would be most useful to use? What typeface?
4. Who is/are your audience or potential buyers?
5. What would the layout be? - Answer I am advertising a new device, a phone. This phone is new to the public and there are similar phones like it. Uniqueness and individuality can separate this phone from other similar phones. An advertisement on television or other social media platforms would be the most effective way to market this product. We know that phones are intriguing to young teens and adults who are around technology 24/7 so they would be the most probable and effective market. A method of communication used in order to

persuade the general public to consume or purchase a product or service is called an advertisement. I would create an advertisement with symbols and a logo at the end that related to the product and company so it separates the company from others. The ad would have a group teens using this phone and showing the different uses. I would make it like a collage and pictures surround the group of teens. These pictures show the advantages and reasons why this phone is the best out there. The symbol would probably be a phone with a light bulb to show that is it a smartphone. The use of the teens is the use of bandwagon which entices and convinces kids it is worth it to buy this phone. What is typeface? Explain the difference between serif font and sans-serif font. - Answer Typeface, often called a font, is a set of lettering or characters that have specific characteristics for design, size, weight, italics, etc. Serif font is a sub category of typeface. If a font is serif, it has small lines or characters added to the ends of the characters to exaggerate and/or decorate the characters in their basic form. A sansserif font is the opposite; the characters of a font are without embellishment or decor. Typeface is important to artists because it can distinguish artists from others. It is like the signature or individuality in the piece. What is graphic design? - Answer An artistic and professional form of communication that focuses on the use of symbols and stylistic elements to convey a message is called graphic. Graphic design is an artistic and professional form of communication that focuses on the use of symbols and stylistic elements to convey a message. To be effective, it must be easily understood and

recognizable. There are many techniques in graphic design like lithography, layout, logo, serigraphy, silkscreen printing, symbol, advertisement, and typography. Typography is defined as art of using words in graphic designs. A picture or sign used to represent an object, concept, or idea is a symbol. serigraphy, or silkscreen printing, is a technique in which an image is transferred by forcing ink through fine mesh or silk. A symbol used as an identity for a company, idea, or service is a logo. Printing medium using a stone press on which areas are made receptive to ink is lithography. Overall plan determining the appearance of a page is layout. A method of communication used in order to persuade the general public to consume or purchase a product or service is an advertisement. Silkscreen printing is _________________ a. a technique in which an image is transferred by forcing ink through fine mesh or silk. b. a method of communication used in order to persuade the general public to consume or purchase a product or service. c. a printmaking process in which lines are cut into the surface of a plate, which is then applied with ink and pressed onto a material or paper.

d. a printing medium using a stone press on which areas are made receptive to ink. - Answer a. a technique in which an image is transferred by forcing ink through fine mesh or silk. Which of the following is not true about graphic design? a. It uses symbols and phrases that can be easily understood. b. Both lithography and serigraphy are sub-categories of graphic design. c. Graphic design is debated by art critiques, as to whether or not it is a true art form. d. Typography is always significant when creating a piece of graphic design. - Answer d. Typography is always significant when creating a piece of graphic design.

Which of the following is the best and most complete definition for graphic design? a. An artistic and professional form of communication that focuses on the use of symbols and stylistic elements to convey a message. b. An artistic and professional way to convey social and political messages through specific printing techniques such as serigraphy and lithography. c. An artistic and professional form of communication that focuses primarily on the overall plan determining the appearance of a page. d. An artistic and professional way to convey meaning, contained within a product or service, by including a broader cultural or artistic context represented by symbols. - Answer a. An artistic and professional form of communication that focuses on the use of symbols and stylistic elements to convey a message. This image is by Milton Glaser, and was a poster for tenth anniversary of Holocaust Museum. It was created using a stone press on which areas are made receptive to ink. This form of printing is known as ________________.

a. silkscreen printing c. typography b. serigraphy d. lithography - Answer d. lithography When you look at an advertisement, what is the most important question you should ask yourself? a. Do I have enough money to purchase the item being advertised? b. Do I need what is being advertised today or can I wait to purchase it? c. What image, message, or product are the advertisers trying to sell me? d.

Do I like the layout, typeface, and/or colors used in the advertisement? - Answer c. What image, message, or product are the advertisers trying to sell me? Both serigraphy and lithography are popularly used by ______________. a. automobile advertising companies c. modern-pop artists b. newspaper photographers d. clothing manufacturers - Answer c. modern-pop artists Typography is _________________ a. a font with a particular unified style. b.

a method of communication used in order to persuade the general public to consume or purchase a product or service. c. the art of using words in graphic design. d. an artistic and professional form of communication that focuses on the use of symbols and stylistic elements to convey a message. - Answer c. the art of using words in graphic design. The serif font is unique because it ______________ a. has small lines or characters added to the ends of the characters for embellishment. b. persuades the general public to consume or purchase a product or service. c. uses symbols which are easily recognizable by all people across the world. d. changes the appearance of the layout, while providing the same message. - Answer a.

has small lines or characters added to the ends of the characters for embellishment. The artist who painted this piece of modern art focused mainly on __________ and __________. a. balance; design c. symbolism; design b. balance; proportion d. imagery; arrangement - Answer a. balance; design Which of the following statements best describes James Audubon's intentions when he painted, Wild Turkey? a.

He intended to portray the bird realistically, and yet also show its unique and beautiful qualities. b. He intended to change people's perception of the wild turkey, by showing how beautiful it can be when looked at through an artistic eye. c. He intended to show the gracefulness of a wild turkey in motion. d. He intended to do all of the above through his painting, Wild Turkey. - Answer a. He intended to portray the bird realistically, and yet also show its unique and beautiful qualities. Art is often controversial because __________________ a. artists use the elements of art in creative ways, which often offend the public. b. art is almost always based on religious beliefs or cultural circumstances. c. artists and observers have varying ideas of what art is. d.