ASPT Phlebotomy Certification Study Guide 2024-2025. Questions & Correct Answers. Graded A, Exams of Nursing

Download ASPT Phlebotomy Certification Study Guide 2024-2025. Questions & Correct Answers. Graded A and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! ASPT Phlebotomy Certification Study Guide 2024-2025. Questions & Correct Answers. Graded A 1.6/2.4 mm - ANSdermal subcutaneous juncture-major vascular area of the skin 45% of blood is - ANSformed elements 5 Modes of Transmission - ANSDroplet, Airborne, Common Vehicle, Vectorborne, Contact (direct or indirect) 55% of blood is - ANSplasma A "Lytes" panel consists of what electrolytes? - ANSSodium, Potassium, Chloride, Calcium & Phosphate A 24-hour urine specimen: - ANSDetermines how the kidneys are adjusting to changing physiologic needs over a long time period. A blood sample of less than 1mL is known as which of the following? - ANSmicrosample A blood specimen that will undergo a testing for lipids should be placed in a vacutainer tube with which color stopper? - ANSgreen a hematocrit is - ANSalways done before blood donation A hematocrit is: - ANSthe percentage by volume of packed red blood cells in a given sample a person can donate how much blood in one sitting - ANS500 ml A potential complication of venipuncture in which the patient become nauseous or vomits is known as which of the following? - ANSemesis A specimen which is to undergo HLA typing must be placed in a tube which contains which of the following additives? - ANSAcid citrate dextrose. A toxic chemical that affects the body by being absorbed into the blood is: - ANSBlood agent A vein which is blocked is considered which of the following? Collapsed. Occluded. Tortuous. Rolling. - ANSOccluded. ABG - ANSanalyses arterial blood for oxygen, carbon dioxide, bicarbonate content in addition to blood PH An evacuated collection tube with a yellow top will contain which of the following? - ANSacid citrate dextrose analyte - ANSSubstance being analyzed Antecubital Fossa is defined as - ANSThe "ditch" or impression opposite the elbow. anticoagulant - ANSslows coagulation and prevents new clots from forming anticubital fossa - ANSTriangular layer, anterior to elbow where the major veins for vena puncture are located antiseptic - ANSsubstance that prevents infection aorta - ANSLargest artery in the body Apathy - ANSA lack of feeling, emotion, or interest Approximately how much does the heart weigh? - ANS10.5 ounces aPPT - ANS(Activated partial thromboplastin time) plasma value: Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) samples need to be run within how long of collecting? - ANS15min. artery/arterioles - ANScarry blood away from the heart Aseptic - ANSfree from disease-causing microorganisms Assault - ANSthreat or attempt to injure At a minimum, how often must laboratory equipment be calibrated? - ANSevery 6 months atria - ANSupper chambers of the heart autoregulatory blood flow - ANSBlood flow controlled by tissue needs basal means - ANSPatient fasting and no exercise for 12 hours basal state - ANSThe resting metabolic state of the body early in the morning after fasting for a minimum of 12 hours. basilic vein - ANSlarge vein on the inner side of the upper arm basophils - ANSA circulating leukocyte that produces histamine. battery - ANSattack BCX or C&S are drawn in what tube? - ANSred bevel - ANSAny inclination of two surfaces other than 90 degrees. Bevel - ANSOval shaped tip of needle, sharp cutting edge biohazard - ANSa biological or chemical substance or situation that is dangerous to human beings and the environment Blood accounts for how much of your total body weight? - ANS7-8% Blood composes how much of a persons body weight? - ANS7-9% blood cultures are drawn to identify what in the blood stream - ANSmicroorganisms Blood specimen samples that are grossly icteric or lipemic can do what? - ANSInterfere with light transmittance on different coagulation instruments. Blood spot collection of filter paper can: - ANSBe easily transported and stored. bloodborne pathogens - ANSDisease-causing microorganisms carried in the body by blood or body fluids, such as hepatitis and HIV. bone marrow - ANSA soft tissue inside the bone that produces blood cells Concerning nonverbal communication, what is necessary when speaking with patients from different cultures? - ANSTake cues from patients conduction system - ANSElectrical impulses from nerves that stimulate contraction and relaxation of heart Dermal puncture is appropriate in all but which of the following situations? When the patient is an infant. When the patient is elderly and has fragile veins. When the patient has severe burns. When the patient is afraid of the pain of venipuncture. - ANSWhen the patient is afraid of the pain of venipuncture. Dermal Subcutaneous Junction - ANSMajor vascular area of the skin in neonates only 0.35 to 1.6 mm from the skins surface distress circulation - ANSdistress increases blood flow edema is - ANSexcessive fluid in the body tissues EDTA - ANSCalcium binding agent used as an anticoagulant EDTA - ANSethylenediaminetetraacetic acid Empathy - ANSIdentification with and understanding of another's situation, feelings, and motives engineering controls - ANSDevices that isolate or remove a blood borne pathogen hazard from the workplace. ethics - ANSthe principles of right and wrong that guide an individual in making decisions f the following, which test is moderately affected by hemolysis? - ANSserum iron fibrin clot - ANSforms a scaffold for tissue reconstruction fibrinogen - ANSThe protein form which fibrin is formed/generated in normal blood clotting For a routine urinary analysis, how much urine is needed? - ANSAt least 10 ml of urine. Graft is - ANSartificial permanent surgical connection between veins great saphenous vein - ANSlongest vein in the body Green tubes have what additives? - ANSSodium Heparin, Lithium Heparin and Ammonium Ion. Hematocrit testing can be used to check the treatment of disorders that affect what? - ANSBoth red blood cell production and red blood cell life spans. Hematocrit testing can be used to evaluate which of the following? - ANSHyperthyroidism. Hematocrit testing can be used to help make educated decisions about which of the following? - ANSblood transfusions Hematology Department - ANSLavender (EDTA) CBC/Diff HGB/HCT WBC/ RBC Platelets ESR ABC Hematoma - ANSa solid swelling of clotted blood within the tissues., bruise Hematopoiesis - ANSblood cell formation Hemoconcentration - ANSthe increase in proportion of formed elements to plasma caused by the tourniquet being left on too long. icteric - ANSpertaining to jaundice If a person is having a vosovagal episode, what is the most important thing the phlebotomist needs to do - ANSGet the needle out of the arm, lay patient on their back with feet raised. If none of the veins of the antecubital area on one arm are accessible, which of the following locations should the phlebotomist try next? - ANSmedian vein of other arm If the bevel of the needle is against the lower wall of the vein, which of the following may occur? - ANSblood may not flow into the needle if you draw a C&S which department will it go to? - ANSmicrobiology If you have performed venipuncture but no blood is flowing into the tube, which of the following steps should you take first? - ANSReplace the vacuum tube In regards to the centrifugation process, anticoagulated blood for plasma must be performed within what time period after collection - ANS1 hour In regards to the order of draw, which of the following items should be drawn last? Blood culture. Routine coag. Serum tubes. Heparin tubes. - ANSheparin tubes In regards to venipuncture, the amount of blood drawn should equal what times the amount of the serum plasma needed? - ANS2.5 times indirect infection - ANSAn infection transmitted through body fluids to blood informed consent - ANSGiving the patient adequate information concerning the method, risk and consequences to a specific procedure, it's risks, expected outcome and alternatives interstital fluid - ANSFluid between cells lactic acid samples must be - ANSchilled Light sensitive specimens are - ANSBiliruben, beta-carotene, vitamins A&B6 and porohyrins lipemic - ANShaving a cloudy appearance due to excess lipid content Lipemic blood refers to a condition where - ANSthe serum is milky white List the anatomy of the heart in the order of blood flow - ANSSuperior & Inferior Vena Cava (V.C.) Right Atrium Tricusped Valve Right Ventricle pulmonary Artery to lungs (aveoli) Pulmonary vein Left Atrium Bicuspis valve Left Ventricle Arota. lumen - ANSspace within a tubular part or organ, such as the space within a blood vessel lymphatic circulation - ANStransports lymph from tissues throughout the body and eventually returns this fluid to the venous circulation Lymphocytes - ANSnumbers increase in viral infection and they play a role in immunity Lymphocytes - ANSwhite blood cells that produce antibodies that fight infection lysis - ANSdestruction malpractice - ANSFailure by a health professional to meet accepted standards mastectomy - ANSsurgical removal of a breast OPIM - ANSOther potentially infectious materials OPIM - ANSOther potentially infectious materials OSHA - ANSOccupational Safety and Health Administration Osteomyelitis - ANSinflammation of bone and bone marrow Osteomyelitis - ANSinflammation of bone and bone marrow Palpate - ANSTo examine by touch pathogenic - ANScausing disease peaks/troughs - ANSuse with antibiotic therapy perineal - ANSregion between the anus and external genitalia peripheral blood - ANSBlood obtained from the circulation away from the heart, such as from the fingertip, heel pad and earlobe or from an antecubital vein phlebitis - ANSinflammation of a vein Phlebotomy - ANSIncision of a vein pink tube is used for - ANSblood banking PKU - ANSphenylketonuria Plasma - ANSFluid portion of blood Platelets are defined as - ANSCells that circulate in blood and clot to keep us from bleeding PLT - ANSplatelets potential complication of venipuncture in which the patient faints is known as which of the following? - ANSsyncope PPE - ANSpersonal protective equipment Precautions used during specimen handling are mandated by which of the following? - ANSCDC Prior to a time collection specimen beginning, the patient should: - ANSEmpty their bladder. Professional - ANSexhibiting a courteous, conscientious, and generally businesslike manner in the workplace pulmonary circulation - ANSflow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart RBC - ANSred blood cell Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets make up what percent of blood volume - ANS45% Reticulocyte - ANSimmature erythrocyte sclerosed veins are - ANShard and cordlike septicemia - ANSblood poisoning Serology Department - ANSSST/Plain Red RPR Mono serum - ANSliquid portion of the blood that remains after clotting Serum is - ANSNeither a red or white blood cell Plasma with the clotting proteins removed A liquid that separates out when blood coagulates This test is slightly affected by hemolysis. - ANSphosphorous thixotropic gel forms - ANSA Barrier between the Serum and the cells. thrombophlebitis - ANSinflammation of a vein associated with a clot formation tissue contusion - ANSBruising of tissue tort - ANSa wrongful act leading to imjury by one person to another Tortuos veins are - ANSimpaired blood flow, susceptible for infection TQM - ANStotal quality management Transmission of infection: Airborne - ANSoccurs when infectious agents are carried by dust or droplet nuclei suspended in air Transmission of infection: Contact - ANSskin to skin, kissing , sex etc Transmission of infection: Droplet - ANSspray - sneezing , coughing, direct contact Tubes should be checked for ________. - ANSlot number and expiration date tunica adventitia - ANSThe outer layer of tissue of a blood vessel wall, composed of elastic and fibrous connective tissue. tunica intima - ANSthe innermost layer of a blood vessel tunica media - ANSThe middle and thickest layer of tissue of a blood vessel wall, composed of elastic tissue and smooth muscle cells that allow the vessel to expand or contract in response to changes in blood pressure and tissue demand. universal precaution - ANSAn approach to infection control in which all human blood and certain body fluids are treated as if known to be infectious for blood borne pathogens Urinalysis can be used as which of the following? - ANSA rapid method for patient health monitoring. Urine specimens that cannot be examined within the correct time period should what? - ANSbe refrigerated or chemically preserved vasoconstriction - ANSnarrowing of blood vessels vasodialation - ANSA widening of the diameter of a blood vessel. vein - ANSA blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart. vein patency - ANSA vein which is flexible, open and free-flowing venipuncture vein/venules - ANScarry blood to the heart Veins have valves - ANStrue vena cava (superior and inferior) - ANSThey are the veins that return deoxygenated blood from the body into the heart. They both empty into the right atrium. Venipuncture - ANSthe puncture of a vein as part of a medical procedure, typically to withdraw a blood sample or for an intravenous injection. ventricles - ANSLower chambers of the heart waived test(s) - ANSParticular low-risk laboratory tests that Medicare permits physicians to perform in their offices. Can be done at home like pregnancy tests. WBC - ANSwhite blood cell what are antigens - ANSThey are a substance that is able to produce an immune response and will react with a specific antibody. The antibodies will either inhibit or destroy the antigens. What are neutrophils? - ANSWBC's that ingest and destroy microbes in a process called phagocytosis. What is the ideal method of confidentiality, according to the American Hospital Association? - ANSpatientcare partnership what is the main difference between arterial blood and venous blood? - ANSarterial blood is oxygenated, venous blood is deoxygenated what is the most common cause for blood culture contamination? - ANSImproper skin preparation What is the most effective method of antiseptic that is safe for the skin? - ANSpovidone- iodine What is the object that harbors infectious agents before transmission? - ANSFomite What is the phlebotomist's role in collecting gastrointestinal secretions? - ANSAssist and transport. What is the term used when a person or problem is avoided? - ANSphysical avoidance What is the vena cava? - ANSa major vein What is used to collect NP cultures - ANSdacron What occurs when a tourniquet is left on longer than 1 minute? - ANSincrease of large molecules What of the following measures creatinine, urine urea nitrogen, glucose, sodium, potassium, and analytes? - ANStimed collection specimen What section of the lab would a pink top go to and what is the additive? - ANSHematology-EDTA what section of the lab would process a CBC - ANSHematology what tests are done using a light blue tube - ANSPTT and PT What tube contains an antiglycolytic agent? - ANSgrey What tube contains the reversible anticoagulant citrate? - ANSlight blue What tube contains Thrombin for STAT serum testing? - ANSOrange or Grey/Yellow Tiger Top what tube does an ESR go in? - ANSlavender What tube would you draw an APTT in? - ANSlight blue What type of processing problem is associated with changes in drawn blood due to evaporation or dilution? - ANSConcentration changes What type of processing problem is associated with reducing the concentration of chemical components? - ANSbacterial changes What type of processing problem is associated with the components from samples changing because of substance movement between cells and plasma? - ANSExtravascular interchange What type of processing problem occurs when red blood cell contents are released in a sample? - ANShemolysis what types of antigens are there - ANSA and B What will cause samples to have higher concentrations of enzymes? - ANSbeing erect When checking or observing a blood specimen before centrifuging for clotting, the specimen tube must be filled to what point? - ANS90% at least When collecting urine for a woman, what area should be cleaned? - ANSthe perineal area When communicating with visually impaired patients, it is important to _____. - ANSBe positive. When is it okay to accept nonverbal consent from a patient, before a procedure? - ANSwhen it is implied Multiple assays can be done from one drop of whole blood. Only one assay can be done from one drop of whole blood. No assays can be done with only one drop of whole blood. Assays are not reliable. - ANSMultiple assays can be done from one drop of whole blood. Which of the following is true about the atria? - ANSThey are thin walled. Which of the following is true about the skin method? It involves draining at least 10 ounces of blood from the body. It involves making an incision in the skin with a lancet. It involves penetrating the skin with a needle. It involves surgically opening arteries. - ANSIt involves making an incision in the skin with a lancet. Which of the following is true about the ventricles? They are a type of artery. They are thin walled. They are located in the upper chamber only. They pump blood from the lungs to the rest of the body - ANSthey pump blood from the lungs to the rest of the body. Which of the following is true of blood specimens collected via dermal puncture in relation to those collected via venipuncture? They have lower concentrations of glucose than do specimens collected via venipuncture. They have lower concentrations of protein than do specimens collected via venipuncture. They have higher concentrations of calcium than do specimens collected via venipuncture. They have higher concentrations of potassium than do specimens collected via venipuncture. - ANSThey have lower concentrations of protein than do specimens collected via venipuncture. Which of the following is true of blood specimens collected via dermal puncture? They are lower in glucose than specimens collected via venipuncture. They are higher in protein that specimens collected via venipuncture. They are higher in glucose than specimens collected via venipuncture. They are higher in calcium than specimens collected via venipuncture. - ANSThey are higher in glucose than specimens collected via venipuncture Which of the following is true of glove use during specimen collection? Sterile gloves should always be used. Nonsterile gloves may be used. Nonsterile gloves may be used for urine collection, but never blood. Nonsterile gloves may be used for capillary blood collection, but never venipuncture in the antecubital area. - ANSNonsterile gloves may be used. Which of the following is true of specimens collected via dermal puncture? - ANSThey are more likely to undergo hemolysis than specimens collected via venipuncture Which of the following is true of tourniquet disposal? A tourniquet may be reused with the same patient if it is not contaminated. A tourniquet must never be reused. A tourniquet may be reused for as many patients as possible until it becomes contaminated. A tourniquet may be reused until it breaks. - ANSA tourniquet may be reused with the same patient if it is not contaminated. Which of the following needle gauges is appropriate when collecting donor blood? - ANS16-18gauge Which of the following only uses the term decontamination rather than neutralization? - ANSOSHA Which of the following specimens would you draw first? - ANSblood cultures Which of the following tests assesses a patient's platelet function? - ANSbleeding time