AST Certification Practice Exam Questions and Answers 2024, Exams of Nursing

Download AST Certification Practice Exam Questions and Answers 2024 and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity! 1 AST Certification Practice Exam Questions and Answers 2024 Which cranial nerve is affected by trigeminal neuralgia? a. Ib. V c. VId. VII -Answer- b. V What is used to lubricate the donor site and reduce friction from the dermatome?a. Bacitracin ointmentb. Iodophor solutionc. Petrolatum geld. Mineral oil -Answer- d. Mineral oil Which of the following is an example of proper sterile technique when performing therep for a split-thickness skin graft?a. Donor site firstb. Recipient sitec. Donor site onlyd. Recipient site only -Answer- a. Donor site first What is the recommended range of intra-abdominal pressure in an adult patient whenusing an insuffaltor during a laparoscopic procedure?a. 8-11 mm Hgb. 12-15 mm Hgc. 16-19 mm Hgd. 20-23 mm Hg -Answer- b. 12-15 mm Hg Which of these terms refers to the inability to direct both eyes at the same object?a. Strabismusb. Chalazionc. Glaucomad. Cataract -Answer- a. Strabismus What procedure is peformed to correct chronic cerebral ischemia?a. Rhizotomyb. Cranioplastyc. Arteriographyd. Endarterectomy -Answer- d. Endarterectomy According to the Rule of Nines, what percentage is assigned to the front and back of thetrunk ?a. 27% 2 b. 18%c. 4 1/2%d. 1 -Answer- b. 18% Which term refers to an abnormal increase in the number of cells?a. Atrophyb. Dysplasiac. Hyperplasiad. Hypertrophy -Answer- c. Hyperplasia A second intention wound heals by: a. Granulation. Eviscerationc. Prim ry uniond. Delayed suturing -Answer- a. Granulation Intraoperative ventricular arrhythmias are treated with:a. Lidocaineb. Digitoxinc. Prostigmind. Furosemide -Answer- a. Lidocaine How many milimeters equal two (2) ounces?a. 40b. 50c. 60d. 70 -Answer- c. 60 Covering a sterile back table for later use is:a. Permissible for up to one hour before the procedureb. Permissible in instances of an emergencyc. Not permissible for up to 2 hours before the procedured. Not permissible under any circumstances -Answer- d. Not permissible under anycircumstances In which position would a patient be placed to counteract hypovolemia?a. Left lateralb. Right lateralc. Trendelenburgd. Reverse T endelenburg -Answer- c. Trendelenburg Which of the following types of suture create the least tissue trauma and drag?. Swaged multifilamentb. Swaged monofilamentc. Threaded multifilamentd. Thre ded monofilament -Answer- b. Swaged monofilament 5 d. Uterus -Answer- b. Calculi Where should the surgical technologist begin when performing closing counts?a. Backtableb. Mayo standc. Off the fieldd. Operative field -Answer- d. Operative field Which of the following catheter tips is used in a patient with a urethral structure?a. Oliveb. Coudec. Whistled. Mushroom -Answer- b. Coude Which type of procedure would require a stent dressing?a. Neckb. Inguinalc. Extremityd. Abdominal -Answer- a. Neck Which of the following is used in order to ensure preservation of the facial nerve duringa parotidectomy?a. Monopolar cauteryb. N rve stimulatorc. Microscoped. D ppler -Answer- b. Nerve stimulator Which of the following hemostatic agents is contraindicated for use in the presence ofinfection ?a. Topical thrombinb. Oxid zed cellulose. Absorbable gelatind. Absorbable collagen -Answer- d. Absorbable collagen During closure of a nephrectomy in the lateral position, the OR table is straightened tofacilita e:a. Proper circulationb. Wound hemostasisc. Adequate respirationsd. Tissue approximation -Answer- d. Tissue approximation Which of the following must be tested prior to the use of a fiberoptic bronchoscope?a. Lig t sourceb. Laser fiberc. Nitrogen leveld. Magnification lens -Answer- a. Light source 6 Excision of a constricted segment of the aorta with reanastomosis is performed toco rec t:a. Patent ductus arteriosusb. Coarctation of the aortac. Aortic aneurysmd. Tran position of the great vessels -Answer- b. Coarctation of the aorta For which of the following diagnoses would a patient undergo endoscopic retrogradecholangiopancreatograp hy?a. Cholecystitisb. Choledocholithiasisc. Pancreatitisd. Pancreatolithiasis -Answer- b. Choledocholithiasis The high ligation of the gonadal veins of the testes performed to reduce venous plexusco ge tion is a/an:. Spermatocelectomyb. Varicocelectomyc. Epididymectomyd. Vasovasostomy -Answer- b. Varicocelectomy Trauma to which two of the following cranial nerves would result in the loss of smell andvision ?a. I and IIb. I and IIIc. II and IIId. II and IV -Answer- a. I and II Which of the following is performed for suspected ectopic pregnancy?a. Culdocentesisb. Colposcopyc. Culdotomyd. Colporrhaphy -Answer- a. Culdocentesis Which of the following is a procedure for treatment of glaucoma?a. Vitrectomyb. Iridectomyc. Enucleationd. Keratoplasty -Answer- b. Iridectomy What procedure is performed to immobilize the jaw following a mandibular fracture?a. Arch b r applicationb. TMJ osteotomyc. LeFort Id. LeFort II -Answer- a. Arch bar application 7 Which of the following total arthroplasty procedures would require the postoperative useof an abduction splint?a. Hipb. Kneec. Ankled. Shoulder -Answer- a. Hip Untreated acute otitis media may result in:a. Tonsillitisb. Mastoiditisc. Adenoiditisd. Ethmoiditis -Answer- b. Mastoiditis Which of the following is used intraoperatively to assess vascular potency?a. Positron emission tomographyb. Ma netic resonance imagingc. Computed tomographyd. D ppler ultrasound -Answer- d. Doppler ultrasound b. Tonsillectomy -Answer- The instrument shown below would be used during a:a. Parotidectomy b. Tonsillectomy c. Rhytidectomy d. Stapedectomy Which of the following is the body's primary source of energy?a. Carbohydratesb. Vitaminsc. Proteinsd. Fats -Answer- a. Carbohydrates What is compressed during rapid-sequence induction and intubation?a. Hyoidb. Manubriumc. Thyroid glandd. Cricoid cartilage -Answer- d. Cricoid cartilage What term refers to the spread of cancerous cells to other parts of the body?a. In- situb. In- vivoc. Metastasisd. Encapsulation -Answer- c. Metastasis The shared passageway for food and air is the: a. Trachea 1 0 b. Transport to OR and inform surgeon of discrepancyc. Inform unit clerk of discrepancy and return to ORd. Do not transport, inform unit supervisor and OR personnel -Answer- d. Do nottranspor , inform unit supervisor and OR personnel A patient may be asked to shower at home with an antimicrobial soap before coming tothe hospital for surgery to:a. Achieve a cumulative antimicrobial effectb. Determine if the patient is allergic to the soapc. Reduce the amount of time for the pre- op prepd. Leave a visible film so the prep borders will show -Answer- a. Achieve a cumulativeantimicrobial effect What are the sequential steps performed prior to entrance into the sterile field?a. Gown, glove, scrubb. Glove, scrub, gownc. Scrub, glove, gownd. Scrub, gown, glove -Answer- d. Scrub, gown, glove Which area is prepped last when performing the skin prep for a Bartholin's cystectomy?a. Anusb. Mons pubisc. Vaginad. Perineum -Answer- a. Anus The sterile surgical technologist should drape a table from:a. Side to sideb. Back to frontc. Front to backd. Open drape, lay it down -Answer- c. Front to back Which of the following can be injured if the arm is placed on the arm board greater than90 degrees?a. B achial plexusb. Cervical plexusc. Rotator cuffd. Acromioclavicular joint -Answer- a. Brachial plexus What is the purpose of the third lumen in a three-way indwelling Foley catheter?a. Ob ain urine specimenb. Instill irrigation fluidsc. Provide hemostasisd. Prevent urine reflux -Answer- b. Instill irrigation fluids Which of the following enlarges and illuminates the surgical field during cataract procedures? 1 1 a. Fluorescent overhead lightsb. Fiberoptic headlampsc. Operating microscoped. Surgical loupes -Answer- c. Operating microscope Small radiopaque surgical patties used during cranial procedures are:a. Raytecsb. Kittnersc. Pledgetsd. Cottonoids -Answer- d. Cottonoids Which of the following hemostatic agents must be applied dry and only handled with drygloves and instruments?a. Oxycelb. Avitenec. Gelfoamd. Thro bin -Answer- b. Avitene Which surgical specialty would utilize a phacoemulsification machine?a. Neurosurgeryb. Maxillofacialc. Ophthalmologyd. O orhin ar ngology -Answer- c. Ophthalmology Which of the following lasers would be contraindicated for use in the posterior chamberof th eye ? a. Argon b. Excimerc. Ho:YAGd. Carbon dioxide -Answer- d. Carbon dioxide In which structure of the heart are the leads for a permanent pacemaker placed?a. Right ventricleb. Left ventriclec. Septumd. Aorta -Answer- a. Right ventricle For which of the following diagnoses would a patient require pancreaticojejunostomy?a. Gastroschisisb. Morbid obesityc. Neonatal jaundiced. Alcoholic pancreatitis -Answer- d. Alcoholic pancreatitis In which procedure would a Bookwalter retractor be used?a. Cystectomyb. Nephrectomy 1 2 c. Retropubic prostatectomy d. Transurethral prostatectomy -Answer- c. Retropubic prostatectomy Which cranial nerve is severed as a last resort treatment of Meniere's disease?a. VIIb. VIIIc. X d. X -Answer- b. VIII Brachytherapy is performed to treat:a. U erine prolapseb. Endometriosisc. Cervical cancerd. M norrhagia -Answer- c. Cervical cancer Which procedure is performed to improve the vision of patients with myopia?a. Radial keratotomyb. Scleral bucklingc. Keratoplastyd. Vi rectomy -Answer- a. Radial keratotomy The facial fracture that involves the complete separation of the maxilla from the cranialbase is a/an:. Orbital floorb. Zygomaticc. LeFort Id. Frontal sinus -Answer- c. LeFort I b. Bennett -Answer- What is the name of this retractor?a. Charnleyb. Bennettc. Harringtond. Richardson Where is the incision for a Caldwell-Luc procedure made?a. Canine fossab. Frontal sinusc. Eyebrowd. Tear duct -Answer- a. Canine fossa The device used for real-time intraoperative assessment of blood flow is a/an:a. Caliperb. Dopplerc. Pacemakerd. Manometer -Answer- b. Doppler 1 5 How many minutes are unwrapped instruments with no lumens sterilized at 270degrees F? a. 3 b. 6 c. 9 d. 12 -Answer- a. 3 What is the recommended method of hair removal from an operative site?a. We shave with disposable razorb. Cream depilatory two days pre-opc. Cli pers with disposable headsd. Dry shave with straight razor and tape -Answer- c. Clippers with disposable heads Which of the following must be in the chart prior to the patient being taken to the OR per The Joint Commission?a. Incident reportb. Advance directivec. Insurance authorizationd. History a d physical -Answer- d. History and physical An identification bracelet is placed on a surgical patient upon admission to the:. Facilityb. Nursing unitc. Pre-op care unitd. Surgery department -Answer- a. Facility To maintain control of the stretcher, the patient should be transported to the OR:a. According to surgeon's ordersb. Ba ed on patient's requestc. Head firstd. Feet first -Answer- d. Feet first At what point is it appropriate to lower the leg when draping for a knee arthroscopy?. After the tourniquet has been inflatedb. Before the tourniquet has been deflatedc. After the prep is completedd. Befor exsanguination -Answer- a. After the tourniquet has been inflated Which structure regulates the amount of light entering the eye?a. Pupilb. Irisc. Retinad. Cornea -Answer- b. Iris A capillary network of blood vessels within the renal cortex that functions as a filter is called the: 1 6 a. Loop of Henieb. Renal papillaec. Glomerulusd. Nephron -Answer- c. Glomerulus The kidneys are located in the:a. Pelvic cavityb. Thoracic cavity. Space of Retziusd. Retroperitoneal space -Answer- d. Retroperitoneal space The most abundant extracellular ion necessary for the transmission of impulses is:a. Sodiumb. Calciumc. Chlorided. Potassium -Answer- a. Sodium The set of teeth that erupt at about 6 months of age and are later replaced are the:a. Se ondary dentitionb. Deciduous teethc. T ird molarsd. Bicuspids -Answer- b. Deciduous teeth What is a frequently used IV barbiturate for general anesthesia induction?a. Propofolb. Ketaminec. Thiopenta l d. Lorazepam -Answer- c. Thiopental Which of the following arteries does not arise directly from the aorta?a. Celiacb. Vertebralc. Superior mesentericd. Left common carotid -Answer- b. Vertebral How long must an item be immersed in glutaraldehyde to be sterile?a. 10 minutesb. 90 minutesc. 6 hoursd. 10 hours -Answer- d. 10 hours Which chemical substance causes the immune system to form antibodies?. Antigensb. Interferonsc. Complementsd. I munoglobins -Answer- a. Antigens 1 7 What is a surgical procedure for the treatment of acute otitis media?a. Myringotomyb. Stapedectomyc. Mastoidectomyd. Tympanoplasty -Answer- a. Myringotomy How is the patient positioned on the OR table for a knee arthroscopy?. Trendelenburg, knee over center break. L teral, hip over lower breakc. Supine, knee at lower breakd. Low lithotomy, body centered -Answer- c. Supine, knee at lower break Which of the following instrument sets will be needed when a frontal sinus fracturerepair is performed?a. Plasticb. Craniotomyc. Ophthalmicd. Vascular -Answer- b. Craniotomy Which of the following procedures is performed for cervical incompetence?a. Culdocentesisb. Colporrhaphyc. Wertheimd. Shirodkar -Answer- d. Shirodkar What surgical instrument is used to visualize the prostate and remove tissue during aTURP? a. Otis urethrotomeb. Van Buren soundsc. Resectoscoped. Ure eroscope -Answer- c. Resectoscope Which of the following facilitates exposure for thyroidectomy?a. Inters apular pillowb. Lateral rotationc. Mayfield headholderd. Revers Trendelenburg -Answer- a. Interscapular pillow Which of the following needles would be used for a liver biopsy?a. Stamey b. Verres c. Tru- Cut d. Interstitial -Answer- c. Tru- Cut Why is cardioplegia used? 2 0 b. 14 Fr. Robinsonc. 10 Fr. Pezzerd. 8 F . Malecot -Answer- b. 14 Fr. Robinson In the OR, HEPA is a type of:a. Air filterb. Laminar flowc. Suction device. Gas outlet -Answer- a. Air filter What precaution is utilized to prevent cardiovascular complications when positioning ananesthetized patient?a. Maintain neutral alignmentb. Pad bony prominencesc. Move patient slowlyd. Uncross legs or ankles -Answer- c. Move patient slowly Why is the orientation of the vein graft reversed during a CABG?a. Thickness of tunica intimab. Prevent atherosclerosisc. Redu e vascular flowd. Presence of valves -Answer- d. Presence of valves Which of the following neurosurgical retractors is handheld?a. Greenburgb. Cushingc. Leylad. Beckman -Answer- b. Cushing Which of the following incisions may be used for the repair of a zygomatic fracture?a. Below lower eyelidb. Coronalc. Angle of the mandibled. Preauricular -Answer- a. Below lower eyelid The principal male hormone produced in the testes is:a. Inhibinb. Prolactinc. Aldosteroned. Te tosterone -Answer- d. Testosterone All of the following statements are true for paper-plastic peel packs, except:a. Felt-tip markers should only be used on the plastic side of packb. L tex tubing should not be used to protect tip of instrumentsc. Stapl s are an acceptable method of closing peel packs 2 1 d. Inner pack of a double peel-packed item should not be sealed -Answer- c. Staples are an acceptable method of closing peel packs Following a TURP, a patient may have which of the following placed for bladderirrigation and compression?a. T- tubeb. 3-way Foleyc. Robinsond. Jackson-Pratt -Answer- b. 3-way Foley Which of the following is a correct statement when using the closed-gloving technique?a. Circulator assists with glovingb. Hand must not extend beyond cuffs. Fingers of glove are pointed away from elbowd. Glove is positioned palm up to facilitate pulling on -Answer- b. Hand must not extendbeyond cuffs What drainage device is preferred for a radical neck dissection?a. T- tubeb. Penrosec. Malecotd. Jackson-Pratt -Answer- d. Jackson-Pratt Which arteries are formed by the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta?. Femoralb. Renalc. Mesentericd. Iliac -Answer- d. Iliac The basic unit of the nervous system is the:a. Neuronb. Glial cell. Neurilemmad. Schwann cell -Answer- a. Neuron The correct sterilization times required to render specific items sterile are initiallyestablished by the:a. Healthcare facility policiesb. Equipment manufacturerc. Surgeon's preferenced. CDC -Answer- b. Equipment manufacturer What procedure involves a series of treatments that result in permanent placement ofrosthetic teeth?a. LeFort IIb. Odontectomy 2 2 c. Orthognathic d. Dental implants -Answer- d. Dental implants In addition to temperature, time and moisture, what other factor determines the outcomeof the steam sterilization process?a. Weightb. Aerationc. Pressured. Conc ntration -Answer- c. Pressure The inner lining of the uterus is the: a. Perineumb. Peritoneumc. Myometriumd. Endometrium -Answer- d. Endometrium Which of the following sterilization processes is most economical?a. Gasb. Steamc. Liquid chemicald. Ion zing radiation -Answer- b. Steam The basic, living structural and functional unit of the body is known as the:a. Organismb. Tissuec. Organd. Cell -Answer- d. Cell The roof of the mouth is formed by the:a. Filiform papillaeb. Pa toglossal archc. Hard and soft palatesd. Circumvallate papillae -Answer- c. Hard and soft palates In what position would a patient be placed following a tonsillectomy?a. Sittingb. Lateralc. Trendelenburgd. Reverse T endelenburg -Answer- b. Lateral What classification of drug reduces tissue inflammation?a. Steroidsb. Antibioticsc. Antiemeticsd. Sulfonamides -Answer- a. Steroids 2 5 Which of the following is a non-electrolytic and isotonic solution used during a TURP?a. Salineb. Distilled waterc. Glycined. Ringer's lactate -Answer- c. Glycine The structure that allows the eardrum to vibrate freely and connects the middle ear andthe orophary x is the:a. External auditory canalb. Eustachian tubec. S micircular canald. Internal auditory meatus -Answer- b. Eustachian tube Which of the following procedures may require use of a manometer to check CSFpr ssure ?a. Transphenoidal hypophysectomyb. Intracranial aneurysm clipping. Posterior fossa decompression. Ventriculoperitoneal shunt 2 6 AST Certification Practice Exam Questions and Answers 2024